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arxiv 2312.03069 v2 pith:PEQWF33Q submitted 2023-12-05 gr-qc astro-ph.COastro-ph.HEastro-ph.IMhep-ph

Dissecting the Stochastic Gravitational Wave Background with Astrometry

classification gr-qc astro-ph.COastro-ph.HEastro-ph.IMhep-ph
keywords backgroundgravitationaltimingastrometrypulsarwavearraysmeasurement
verification ladder T0 review T1 audit T2 compute T3 formal T4 reserved
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Astrometry, the precise measurement of star motions, offers an alternative avenue to investigate low-frequency gravitational waves through the spatial deflection of photons, complementing pulsar timing arrays reliant on timing residuals. Upcoming data from Gaia and Roman can not only cross-check pulsar timing array findings but also explore the uncharted frequency range bridging pulsar timing arrays and LISA. We present an analytical framework to evaluate the feasibility of detecting a gravitational wave background, considering measurement noise and the intrinsic variability of the stochastic background. Furthermore, we highlight astrometry's crucial role in uncovering key properties of the gravitational wave background, such as spectral index and chirality, employing information-matrix analysis. Finally, we simulate the emergence of quadrupolar correlations, commonly referred to as the generalized Hellings-Downs curves.

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Cited by 4 Pith papers

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  1. Forecasting graviton-mass constraints from the full covariance of PTA-astrometry ORF estimators

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    A full-covariance formalism for PTA-astrometry ORF estimators forecasts graviton-mass upper limits of 4.41e-24 eV/c2 for current-like setups and 0.48e-24 eV/c2 for SKA/Theia-like future setups, with astrometry adding ...

  2. Detecting Chiral Gravitational Wave Background with a Dipole Pulsar Timing Array

    gr-qc 2026-04 unverdicted novelty 7.0

    A dipole pulsar timing array detects chiral nanohertz gravitational waves and extends PTA sensitivity into the microhertz regime.

  3. Detecting Parity-Violating Gravitational Wave Backgrounds with Pulsar Polarization Arrays

    gr-qc 2025-11 unverdicted novelty 7.0

    Cross-correlating pulsar timing and polarimetry isolates the circular polarization of isotropic stochastic GW backgrounds and shares the Hellings-Downs angular pattern.

  4. Entanglement, Discord, and Residual Coherence in Scalar-Induced Gravitational Waves

    gr-qc 2026-06 unverdicted novelty 6.0

    Residual anomalous coherence in scalar perturbations imprints on scalar-induced tensor modes, producing a correlated gravitational-wave background with nontrivial covariance and phase structure instead of a simple spe...