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We re-examine the constraints imposed by causality and unitarity on the low-energy effective field theory expansion of four-particle scattering amplitudes, exposing a hidden "totally positive" structure strikingly similar to the positive geometries associated with grassmannians and amplituhedra. This forces the infinite tower of higher-dimension operators to lie inside a new geometry we call the "EFThedron". We initiate a systematic investigation of the boundary structure of the EFThedron, giving infinitely many linear and non-linear inequalities that must be satisfied by the EFT expansion in any theory. We illustrate the EFThedron geometry and constraints in a wide variety of examples, including new consistency conditions on the scattering amplitudes of photons and gravitons in the real world.
Forward citations
Cited by 37 Pith papers
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Positivity in Massive Spin-3/2 EFTs and the Planck-Suppressed Neighbourhood of Supergravity
Massive spin-3/2 EFT contact couplings are constrained by positivity to a Planck-suppressed neighborhood of supergravity values whose volume scales as m^6/M_Pl^6 and vanishes as m approaches zero.
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On the Inverse Problem in Effective Field Theory
The tree-level spectrum of heavy particles can be extracted from EFT Wilson coefficients using new nonlinear analytic dispersion relations, exactly for finite resonances and approximately otherwise.
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String Theory from Maximal Supersymmetry
The open string Veneziano amplitude emerges as the unique tree-level completion of N=4 super Yang-Mills when supersymmetry, factorization, and positivity are imposed.
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Analytic Boundaries of Infinite-Spin-Tower Amplitudes from Hidden Zero
The exact analytic boundary of unitary infinite-spin-tower amplitudes is derived and shown to be maximal unless energy poles accumulate.
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Unitary Dual-Resonance S-matrices
Smearing Veneziano blocks over continuous Regge slopes yields local, analytic, crossing-symmetric S-matrices with full partial-wave unitarity and controllable second-sheet resonances.
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Gravitational Effective Theories with Maximal Supersymmetry and a Peculiar Parity
Peculiar parity plus N=8 SUSY, tree-level factorization, and finitely many states at the mass gap uniquely select the Virasoro–Shapiro amplitude among weakly-coupled UV completions of N=8 supergravity.
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Bootstrapping black holes at low impact parameter
After subtracting the eikonal carrier, the residual SDR spectrum in six dimensions organizes into a cap-saturated low-impact band, an empty gap, and Regge-like ridges whose weak-coupling edge is the G_N=0 baseline.
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Bootstrapping black holes at low impact parameter
After eikonal subtraction, finite-grid SDR bootstrap extremal spectra support a cap-saturated black-hole-scale band and Regge-like ridge while leaving the intervening gap mostly empty.
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Bootstrapping Pion Form Factors at Large $N$
Bootstrap analysis of meromorphic observables in large-N QCD yields universal and SVZ-type bounds that constrain chiral Lagrangian parameters and link hadronic data to asymptotic freedom.
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Thermal Positivity
Lorentz invariance and unitarity imply strictly positive low-temperature interaction corrections of the form T^{2D-4+4k} (k>0) to the pressure in perturbative massless boson theories.
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Analytic Bootstrap of the Veneziano Amplitude
The Veneziano amplitude is the unique outcome of an analytic dual bootstrap from dispersive sum rules, unitarity, and either string monodromy or splitting and hidden-zero conditions.
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Analytic Bootstrap of the Veneziano Amplitude
The Veneziano amplitude is the unique solution to a dual bootstrap from dispersive sum rules interpreted as moments, unitarity, and string monodromy or splitting conditions.
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Full positivity bounds for anomalous quartic gauge couplings in SMEFT
Complete positivity bounds for the 22 aQGC coefficients in SMEFT restrict the viable parameter space to approximately 0.0313% of the naive total.
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Understanding Anomalous Magnetothermal Transport via Disentangling Shear and Compression Phonons
Mode-selective spin-phonon coupling in spin-orbit-coupled Mott insulators generates a peak-dip-peak field dependence in spin heat current via Landauer transport and exact diagonalization.
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Negative running of gravitational positivity
Non-minimal three-point interactions induce negative one-loop running of Wilson coefficients in gravitational EFTs, yet graviton loops generate positive IR contributions that dominate the bounds after smearing if the ...
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String Theory from Maximal Supersymmetry
Supersymmetry, R-symmetry, and positivity constrain planar 4d EFTs to match the open string Veneziano amplitude at tree level.
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Propagator positivity bounds for cosmological correlators
An infinite tower of two-sided positivity bounds constrains the EFT coefficients of heavy fields on de Sitter, ruling out correlators with no unitary/causal UV completion.
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Positivity with Long-Range Interactions
Defines IR-finite amplitudes M_E that preserve analyticity and unitarity to derive positivity bounds on EFTs including electromagnetism and gravity in D=4.
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Primal S-matrix bootstrap with dispersion relations
A primal S-matrix bootstrap framework parameterizes imaginary parts of partial waves, uses dispersion relations to enforce consistency, computes coupling bounds, and handles Regge behavior plus spinning states like glueballs.
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S-matrix bootstrap bounds on self-interacting dark matter
Weakly coupled scalar self-interacting dark matter cannot be heavier than ~0.3 GeV (generic) or ~MeV (derivative-coupled pNGB), much tighter than the 12 GeV unitarity bound.
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Positivity properties of observables in planar maximally supersymmetric Yang-Mills theory
Several observables in planar N=4 SYM, including the octagon anomalous dimension and Bremsstrahlung function, admit a once-subtracted dispersion representation over a positive measure in the coupling.
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An Ultraviolet Finite Theory of Scalars
A ghost-free polynomially bounded scalar theory with momentum-dependent interactions that cancels all loop divergences to all orders, with finite one-loop self-energy and beta function computed, plus a variant with ze...
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Where is tree-level heterotic string theory?
Bootstrap constraints on 10D half-maximal supergravity and SYM show gravitational boundaries dominated by single linear Regge trajectory amplitudes, with representation positivity tensions obstructing direct gauge-gra...
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Multipositivity Constrains the Chiral Lagrangian
Multipositivity bounds derived from planar tree-level scattering amplitudes constrain Wilson coefficients of the chiral Lagrangian from below by the chiral anomaly.
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The Equivalence Principle at High Energies Completes the Spectrum
Tree-level gravitational scattering under the equivalence principle mandates single-particle states in all irreducible representations constructible from a single seed charge, with equal interaction strengths.
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Positivity in Massive Spin-3/2 EFTs and the Planck-Suppressed Neighbourhood of Supergravity
Positivity bounds on massive spin-3/2 four-fermion operators restrict the couplings to a bounded region around supergravity values whose volume scales as m^6/M_Pl^6 and vanishes as m approaches zero.
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Sampling the Graviton Pole and Deprojecting the Swampland
A sampling-based bootstrap for graviton poles in EFTs yields non-projective bounds that fix the EFT cutoff scale relative to the Planck mass, with M/M_P ≲ 7.8 in D=5.
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Global Convergence of the Return Dynamics in the Class $\mathcal{O}_C$
Return dynamics in the class O_C converge globally to critical points of the thickness function by approximating adaptive gradient descent.
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Completeness from Gravitational Scattering
Symmetry plus perturbative gravitational scattering consistency requires the abelian charge lattice to be completely populated by single-particle states for SU(N) with N≥3 and SO(N) with N≥5.
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The Rise of Linear Trajectories
Numerical S-matrix bootstrap shows that maximized couplings of the second and third higher-spin resonances select spectra lying on a linear Regge trajectory, anchored by the graviton in gravitational theories.
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Amplitudes and partial wave unitarity bounds
Develops spinor-helicity formalism generalizing partial wave unitarity bounds for multi-particle scattering and spin-2 or higher-spin theories.
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Positivity in Amplitudes and Quantum Entanglement
Links amplitude positivity to S-matrix entanglement consistency for flavored states, analyzes disentanglers, and introduces wave-packet regularization for entanglement expressions.
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Global Convergence of the Return Dynamics in the Class $\mathcal{O}_C$
Return dynamics on class O_C domains with fixed convex core converge globally like adaptive gradient descent of the thickness function, with fixed points equal to thickness critical points.
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Understanding Anomalous Magnetothermal Transport via Disentangling Shear and Compression Phonons
Mode-selective spin-phonon coupling of shear versus compression phonons produces a peak-dip-peak magnetothermal heat current in spin-orbit-coupled Mott insulators.
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Light scalars in light of UV/IR mixing: classicalization via synergy between Vainshtein and chameleon screenings
Classicalizing k-essence scalars need m << Λ* and, when potentials or fermion couplings are present, a chameleon-like screening layer to keep Vainshtein screening and classicalon stability intact.
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BCFW like recursion for Deformed Associahedron
Adapts BCFW-style recursion to deformed ABHY-associahedron and D-type cluster polytopes for tree-level and one-loop amplitudes in multi-scalar cubic theories.
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IR side of bounds on Theories with Spontaneously Broken Lorentz Symmetry
The analysis shows that analyticity bounds in Lorentz-broken theories require gapped excitations to propagate slower than gapless ones at low momenta relative to the mass gap.
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