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Meta-Transformer: A Unified Framework for Multimodal Learning

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arxiv 2307.10802 v1 pith:QGYNBJY2 submitted 2023-07-20 cs.CV cs.AIcs.CLcs.LGcs.MM

Yiyuan Zhang , Kaixiong Gong , Kaipeng Zhang , Hongsheng Li , Yu Qiao , Wanli Ouyang , Xiangyu Yue This is my paper · ORCID
classification cs.CVcs.AIcs.CLcs.LGcs.MM
keywords datameta-transformermultimodalunifiedmodalitiesencoderframeworklearning
verification ladder T0 review T1 audit T2 compute T3 formal
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abstract

Multimodal learning aims to build models that can process and relate information from multiple modalities. Despite years of development in this field, it still remains challenging to design a unified network for processing various modalities ($\textit{e.g.}$ natural language, 2D images, 3D point clouds, audio, video, time series, tabular data) due to the inherent gaps among them. In this work, we propose a framework, named Meta-Transformer, that leverages a $\textbf{frozen}$ encoder to perform multimodal perception without any paired multimodal training data. In Meta-Transformer, the raw input data from various modalities are mapped into a shared token space, allowing a subsequent encoder with frozen parameters to extract high-level semantic features of the input data. Composed of three main components: a unified data tokenizer, a modality-shared encoder, and task-specific heads for downstream tasks, Meta-Transformer is the first framework to perform unified learning across 12 modalities with unpaired data. Experiments on different benchmarks reveal that Meta-Transformer can handle a wide range of tasks including fundamental perception (text, image, point cloud, audio, video), practical application (X-Ray, infrared, hyperspectral, and IMU), and data mining (graph, tabular, and time-series). Meta-Transformer indicates a promising future for developing unified multimodal intelligence with transformers. Code will be available at https://github.com/invictus717/MetaTransformer

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