Paper Citation Record · LEDGER

Revisiting Uncertainty Estimation and Calibration of Large Language Models

As of 22 August 2026, this Paper Citation Record lists 55 of 55 outbound references and 11 inbound Pith citation observations for arXiv:2505.23854.

A citation records a reference. It does not transfer a finding from one paper to another.

pith.paper-citation-record.v1
2505.23854 v1

Coverage vector

measured 55 of 55 reference resolution

Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-07T12:59:42.412963Z

measured 66 of 66 standing notices

One-hop event checks from named stored sources.

Source: scholarly_work_events, retraction_status_cache, observed 2026-08-21T06:32:19.484+00:00

measured 11 of 11 inbound itemization

Pith citing papers itemized under the disclosed page cap.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-15T18:18:20.760827Z

measured 1 of 1 external citation measurements

A source-named dated measurement, never combined with another source.

Source: arxiv_reference, observed 2026-08-05T02:28:24.338817Z

Reference resolution

55 of 55 outbound references displayed

verified exact0
verified fuzzy20
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External citation measurements

0
arxiv_reference, observed 2026-08-05T02:28:24.338817Z

Outbound references

Observation eeabaf38-434a-4669-9f7d-f022633efb8e · outbound

This paper cites Large language models in medicine.Nature medicine, 29(8):1930–1940, 2023.

Revisiting Uncertainty Estimation and Calibration of Large Language Models Large language models in medicine.Nature medicine, 29(8):1930–1940, 2023

Reference 1

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T12:59:37.551868Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

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Observation 2d07b809-04ab-4715-80f3-5b9e8016ace4 · outbound

This paper cites Adapted large language models can outperform medical experts in clinical text summa- rization.Nature medicine, 30(4):1134–1142, 2024.

Revisiting Uncertainty Estimation and Calibration of Large Language Models Adapted large language models can outperform medical experts in clinical text summa- rization.Nature medicine, 30(4):1134–1142, 2024

Reference 2

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T12:59:45.680203Z

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Observation 8e9b719b-827a-40e3-ba33-cf5c4ec82e35 · outbound

This paper cites MEDEC: A Benchmark for Medical Error Detection and Correction in Clinical Notes.

Revisiting Uncertainty Estimation and Calibration of Large Language Models MEDEC: A Benchmark for Medical Error Detection and Correction in Clinical Notes

Reference 3

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T12:59:37.703236Z

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Observation ca2020b9-175c-4de5-9c69-cc56cb9257dd · outbound

This paper cites Large language models: a comprehensive survey of its applications, challenges, limitations, and future prospects.Authorea Preprints, 1:1–26, 2023.

Revisiting Uncertainty Estimation and Calibration of Large Language Models Large language models: a comprehensive survey of its applications, challenges, limitations, and future prospects.Authorea Preprints, 1:1–26, 2023

Reference 4

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T12:59:45.466563Z

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Observation ef793f4e-92f1-4cf4-8dbc-b79a16f31749 · outbound

This paper cites Large language models in law: A survey.AI Open, 2024.

Revisiting Uncertainty Estimation and Calibration of Large Language Models Large language models in law: A survey.AI Open, 2024

Reference 5

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T12:59:37.854288Z

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Observation a4e05e20-ae7b-4b17-9782-8e6d68e26011 · outbound

This paper cites Overreliance on ai literature review.Microsoft Research, 339:340, 2022.

Revisiting Uncertainty Estimation and Calibration of Large Language Models Overreliance on ai literature review.Microsoft Research, 339:340, 2022

Reference 6

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T12:59:45.228040Z

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Observation 94622b17-0103-455b-a7d1-8f179f1f1019 · outbound

This paper cites Understanding the eu ai act: Requirements and next steps.

Revisiting Uncertainty Estimation and Calibration of Large Language Models Understanding the eu ai act: Requirements and next steps

Reference 7

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T12:59:44.987647Z

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Observation f0fd20b6-0dbe-4484-8034-a5adc2f6d468 · outbound

This paper cites Us debt ceiling deal clears major hurdle in congress, 2023.

Revisiting Uncertainty Estimation and Calibration of Large Language Models Us debt ceiling deal clears major hurdle in congress, 2023

Reference 8

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T12:59:44.776735Z

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Observation 3d7996eb-a9ad-476e-b359-4d2f55243ef6 · outbound

This paper cites Shifting attention to relevance: Towards the uncertainty estimation of large language models.

Revisiting Uncertainty Estimation and Calibration of Large Language Models Shifting attention to relevance: Towards the uncertainty estimation of large language models

Reference 9

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T12:59:44.558433Z

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Observation ef2ee3bb-1ceb-49ee-8c0a-39e3a8832012 · outbound

This paper cites Semantic calibration of llms through the lens of temperature scaling.

Revisiting Uncertainty Estimation and Calibration of Large Language Models Semantic calibration of llms through the lens of temperature scaling

Reference 10

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T12:59:44.398144Z

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Observation 7483b66a-e019-446d-9bc9-30d7cf093fe1 · outbound

This paper cites Semantic Entropy Probes: Robust and Cheap Hallucination Detection in LLMs.

Revisiting Uncertainty Estimation and Calibration of Large Language Models Semantic Entropy Probes: Robust and Cheap Hallucination Detection in LLMs

Reference 11

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Observation 20371349-ad3e-46d9-b448-97107aaabb35 · outbound

This paper cites Calibrating Verbal Uncertainty as a Linear Feature to Reduce Hallucinations.

Revisiting Uncertainty Estimation and Calibration of Large Language Models Calibrating Verbal Uncertainty as a Linear Feature to Reduce Hallucinations

Reference 12

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Observation d9a07837-1993-4910-bdd7-8388a21795f8 · outbound

This paper cites Mitigating object hallucinations in large vision-language models via attention calibration.arXiv preprint arXiv:2502.01969, 2025.

Revisiting Uncertainty Estimation and Calibration of Large Language Models Mitigating object hallucinations in large vision-language models via attention calibration.arXiv preprint arXiv:2502.01969, 2025

Reference 13

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Observation 9d820e3e-20a4-4080-9559-74e1ee58c031 · outbound

This paper cites Semantic Uncertainty: Linguistic Invariances for Uncertainty Estimation in Natural Language Generation.

Revisiting Uncertainty Estimation and Calibration of Large Language Models Semantic Uncertainty: Linguistic Invariances for Uncertainty Estimation in Natural Language Generation

Reference 14

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T12:59:38.390328Z

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Observation daf4f791-7a66-4312-9dd6-51f8d5645d6a · outbound

This paper cites SelfCheckGPT: Zero-Resource Black-Box Hallucination Detection for Generative Large Language Models.

Revisiting Uncertainty Estimation and Calibration of Large Language Models SelfCheckGPT: Zero-Resource Black-Box Hallucination Detection for Generative Large Language Models

Reference 15

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Observation 1da2abeb-136f-4094-a287-a324fe04db61 · outbound

This paper cites Just Ask for Calibration: Strategies for Eliciting Calibrated Confidence Scores from Language Models Fine-Tuned with Human Feedback.

Revisiting Uncertainty Estimation and Calibration of Large Language Models Just Ask for Calibration: Strategies for Eliciting Calibrated Confidence Scores from Language Models Fine-Tuned with Human Feedback

Reference 16

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T12:59:38.624582Z

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Observation 3252f1ca-9b54-4095-9185-67ba89f5ccee · outbound

This paper cites Can LLMs Express Their Uncertainty? An Empirical Evaluation of Confidence Elicitation in LLMs.

Revisiting Uncertainty Estimation and Calibration of Large Language Models Can LLMs Express Their Uncertainty? An Empirical Evaluation of Confidence Elicitation in LLMs

Reference 17

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Observation 46d5145c-d84e-4cc8-8d54-ac61ca9238c7 · outbound

This paper cites Can Large Language Models Faithfully Express Their Intrinsic Uncertainty in Words?.

Revisiting Uncertainty Estimation and Calibration of Large Language Models Can Large Language Models Faithfully Express Their Intrinsic Uncertainty in Words?

Reference 18

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Observation 040bf658-455f-4dcf-a43a-841e691046fb · outbound

This paper cites Perceptions of Linguistic Uncertainty by Language Models and Humans.

Revisiting Uncertainty Estimation and Calibration of Large Language Models Perceptions of Linguistic Uncertainty by Language Models and Humans

Reference 19

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Observation 561c4e14-e924-45c8-ab52-42a5b1aa0943 · outbound

This paper cites On the Calibration of Large Language Models and Alignment.

Revisiting Uncertainty Estimation and Calibration of Large Language Models On the Calibration of Large Language Models and Alignment

Reference 20

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This paper cites DeepSeek-R1: Incentivizing Reasoning Capability in LLMs via Reinforcement Learning.

Revisiting Uncertainty Estimation and Calibration of Large Language Models DeepSeek-R1: Incentivizing Reasoning Capability in LLMs via Reinforcement Learning

Reference 21

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Observation feced0d8-d9af-428f-9ed7-f4f812140968 · outbound

This paper cites Qwen2 and qwen3: The new generation open models.https://qwenlm.github.

Revisiting Uncertainty Estimation and Calibration of Large Language Models Qwen2 and qwen3: The new generation open models.https://qwenlm.github

Reference 22

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Observation 96ee5786-bd27-4fbb-ace8-6dcb53a8203a · outbound

This paper cites Llama 4: Multimodal intelligence.

Revisiting Uncertainty Estimation and Calibration of Large Language Models Llama 4: Multimodal intelligence

Reference 23

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Observation a2a320e6-784f-4152-90fa-d40238abbb74 · outbound

This paper cites Introducing o3 and o4 mini.

Revisiting Uncertainty Estimation and Calibration of Large Language Models Introducing o3 and o4 mini

Reference 24

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T12:59:44.141647Z

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Observation 7ca919f0-c98c-44a9-a08d-1c3439806fef · outbound

This paper cites Grok-3 and the next generation of reasoning models.

Revisiting Uncertainty Estimation and Calibration of Large Language Models Grok-3 and the next generation of reasoning models

Reference 25

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T12:59:44.048562Z

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Observation d5c417bf-1447-4da1-90d3-fdc1f4bc9285 · outbound

This paper cites TriviaQA: A large scale distantly supervised challenge dataset for reading comprehension.

Revisiting Uncertainty Estimation and Calibration of Large Language Models TriviaQA: A large scale distantly supervised challenge dataset for reading comprehension

Reference 26

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Observation d4fb2b74-c697-4bfd-8579-261b7d2d5daa · outbound

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Revisiting Uncertainty Estimation and Calibration of Large Language Models Measuring Massive Multitask Language Understanding

Reference 27

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Observation 644fd330-d804-43e6-a659-90515ff59a9f · outbound

This paper cites Mmlu-pro: A more robust and challenging multi-task language understanding benchmark.

Revisiting Uncertainty Estimation and Calibration of Large Language Models Mmlu-pro: A more robust and challenging multi-task language understanding benchmark

Reference 28

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Observation 7e671f56-039f-4d6d-9ebf-f699aafa29e0 · outbound

This paper cites Discovering latent knowledge in language models without supervision.

Revisiting Uncertainty Estimation and Calibration of Large Language Models Discovering latent knowledge in language models without supervision

Reference 29

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T12:59:43.954047Z

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Observation d07b328d-4fc3-4dde-b7a7-3bc9cf23f8bf · outbound

This paper cites Language Models (Mostly) Know What They Know.

Revisiting Uncertainty Estimation and Calibration of Large Language Models Language Models (Mostly) Know What They Know

Reference 30

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Observation 5d544f98-6e7d-473b-832b-d53a9d3d1f1b · outbound

This paper cites Detecting hallucinations in large language models using semantic entropy.Nature, 630(8017):625–630, 2024.

Revisiting Uncertainty Estimation and Calibration of Large Language Models Detecting hallucinations in large language models using semantic entropy.Nature, 630(8017):625–630, 2024

Reference 31

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This paper cites On calibration of modern neural networks.

Revisiting Uncertainty Estimation and Calibration of Large Language Models On calibration of modern neural networks

Reference 32

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This paper cites Benchmarking uncertainty disen- tanglement: Specialized uncertainties for specialized tasks.Advances in neural information processing systems, 37:50972–51038, 2024.

Revisiting Uncertainty Estimation and Calibration of Large Language Models Benchmarking uncertainty disen- tanglement: Specialized uncertainties for specialized tasks.Advances in neural information processing systems, 37:50972–51038, 2024

Reference 33

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T12:59:43.826331Z

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This paper cites Measuring calibration in deep learning.

Revisiting Uncertainty Estimation and Calibration of Large Language Models Measuring calibration in deep learning

Reference 34

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Revisiting Uncertainty Estimation and Calibration of Large Language Models Predicting good probabilities with supervised learning

Reference 35

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Revisiting Uncertainty Estimation and Calibration of Large Language Models The Llama 3 Herd of Models

Reference 36

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Revisiting Uncertainty Estimation and Calibration of Large Language Models DeepSeek-V3 Technical Report

Reference 37

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Revisiting Uncertainty Estimation and Calibration of Large Language Models Qwen2.5 Technical Report

Reference 38

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Revisiting Uncertainty Estimation and Calibration of Large Language Models Identifying and mitigating vulnerabilities in llm-integrated applications

Reference 39

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Revisiting Uncertainty Estimation and Calibration of Large Language Models Gemma: Open Models Based on Gemini Research and Technology

Reference 40

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Revisiting Uncertainty Estimation and Calibration of Large Language Models Introducing gpt-4o: Openai’s new omni model

Reference 41

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T12:59:43.627738Z

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Observation 205b571d-ccb9-4ea5-90d3-c80f83777942 · outbound

This paper cites Gpt-4.1 overview.

Revisiting Uncertainty Estimation and Calibration of Large Language Models Gpt-4.1 overview

Reference 42

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T12:59:43.540243Z

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Revisiting Uncertainty Estimation and Calibration of Large Language Models Introducing the claude 3 model family

Reference 43

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T12:59:43.455340Z

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This paper cites Gemini 1.5: Unlocking multimodal understanding across millions of tokens of context.

Revisiting Uncertainty Estimation and Calibration of Large Language Models Gemini 1.5: Unlocking multimodal understanding across millions of tokens of context

Reference 44

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Revisiting Uncertainty Estimation and Calibration of Large Language Models Qwen3 technical report

Reference 45

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T12:59:43.338288Z

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This paper cites The kendall rank correlation coefficient.Encyclopedia of measurement and statistics, 2:508–510, 2007.

Revisiting Uncertainty Estimation and Calibration of Large Language Models The kendall rank correlation coefficient.Encyclopedia of measurement and statistics, 2:508–510, 2007

Reference 46

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T12:59:43.219279Z

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Revisiting Uncertainty Estimation and Calibration of Large Language Models i’m not sure, but

Reference 47

Resolution: verified fuzzy; raw_fallback, observed 2026-08-07T12:59:43.108420Z

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Observation 32c81645-cadb-4dfd-8b68-1c9f47e25d8e · outbound

This paper cites Generating with Confidence: Uncertainty Quantification for Black-box Large Language Models.

Revisiting Uncertainty Estimation and Calibration of Large Language Models Generating with Confidence: Uncertainty Quantification for Black-box Large Language Models

Reference 48

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This paper cites The internal state of an llm knows when it’s lying.

Revisiting Uncertainty Estimation and Calibration of Large Language Models The internal state of an llm knows when it’s lying

Reference 49

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Observation 10675e64-2b09-480d-83f2-e5211afa71ea · outbound

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Revisiting Uncertainty Estimation and Calibration of Large Language Models Inference- time intervention: Eliciting truthful answers from a language model

Reference 50

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This paper cites Uncertainty Estimation and Quantification for LLMs: A Simple Supervised Approach.

Revisiting Uncertainty Estimation and Calibration of Large Language Models Uncertainty Estimation and Quantification for LLMs: A Simple Supervised Approach

Reference 51

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Revisiting Uncertainty Estimation and Calibration of Large Language Models A Survey of Confidence Estimation and Calibration in Large Language Models

Reference 52

Resolution: unresolved; no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T12:59:42.188284Z

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Observation 914ff920-0b70-419f-ae25-9d0adb44237c · outbound

This paper cites A Survey of Uncertainty Estimation in LLMs: Theory Meets Practice.

Revisiting Uncertainty Estimation and Calibration of Large Language Models A Survey of Uncertainty Estimation in LLMs: Theory Meets Practice

Reference 53

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This paper cites Uncertainty Quantification and Confidence Calibration in Large Language Models: A Survey.

Revisiting Uncertainty Estimation and Calibration of Large Language Models Uncertainty Quantification and Confidence Calibration in Large Language Models: A Survey

Reference 54

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Revisiting Uncertainty Estimation and Calibration of Large Language Models Unresolved cited work

Reference 2024

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Pith citing papers

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Toward Efficient Uncertainty in LLMs through Evidential Knowledge Distillation cites this paper.

Toward Efficient Uncertainty in LLMs through Evidential Knowledge Distillation Revisiting Uncertainty Estimation and Calibration of Large Language Models

Reference 20

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Empirical Characterization of Inference-Time Elicited Probability Transformations in Large Language Models cites this paper.

Empirical Characterization of Inference-Time Elicited Probability Transformations in Large Language Models Revisiting Uncertainty Estimation and Calibration of Large Language Models

Reference 2024

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Causal Evidence that Language Models use Confidence to Drive Behavior cites this paper.

Causal Evidence that Language Models use Confidence to Drive Behavior Revisiting Uncertainty Estimation and Calibration of Large Language Models

Reference 17

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Do Small Language Models Know When They're Wrong? Confidence-Based Cascade Scoring for Educational Assessment cites this paper.

Do Small Language Models Know When They're Wrong? Confidence-Based Cascade Scoring for Educational Assessment Revisiting Uncertainty Estimation and Calibration of Large Language Models

Reference 3

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"I Don't Know" -- Towards Appropriate Trust with Certainty-Aware Retrieval Augmented Generation cites this paper.

"I Don't Know" -- Towards Appropriate Trust with Certainty-Aware Retrieval Augmented Generation Revisiting Uncertainty Estimation and Calibration of Large Language Models

Reference 44

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Hallucinations Undermine Trust; Metacognition is a Way Forward cites this paper.

Hallucinations Undermine Trust; Metacognition is a Way Forward Revisiting Uncertainty Estimation and Calibration of Large Language Models

Reference 42

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Hypothesis generation and updating in large language models cites this paper.

Hypothesis generation and updating in large language models Revisiting Uncertainty Estimation and Calibration of Large Language Models

Reference 56

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Epistemic Uncertainty for Test-Time Discovery cites this paper.

Epistemic Uncertainty for Test-Time Discovery Revisiting Uncertainty Estimation and Calibration of Large Language Models

Reference 23

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Retrieval-Augmented Linguistic Calibration cites this paper.

Retrieval-Augmented Linguistic Calibration Revisiting Uncertainty Estimation and Calibration of Large Language Models

Reference 9

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Retrieval-Augmented Linguistic Calibration cites this paper.

Retrieval-Augmented Linguistic Calibration Revisiting Uncertainty Estimation and Calibration of Large Language Models

Reference 9

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Gradient-Guided Reward Optimization for Inference-time Alignment cites this paper.

Gradient-Guided Reward Optimization for Inference-time Alignment Revisiting Uncertainty Estimation and Calibration of Large Language Models

Reference 7

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