pith. sign in

arxiv: 2606.10712 · v1 · pith:PKBNHMMRnew · submitted 2026-06-09 · 🌌 astro-ph.IM · astro-ph.HE

DIffuse X-ray Explorer (DIXE): Sky Survey Strategy and Collimator Response Demodulation

Jiejia Liu , Chunyang Jiang , Junjie Mao , Rui Huang , Ruixuan Tian , Wei Cui This is my paper

Pith reviewed 2026-06-27 11:53 UTC · model grok-4.3

classification 🌌 astro-ph.IM astro-ph.HE
keywords X-ray surveycollimator demodulationMCMC methodChina Space StationMilky Way hot gassky coverageimaging enhancement
0
0 comments X

The pith

A Markov Chain Monte Carlo demodulation technique lets the DIXE X-ray instrument localize point sources to 1° and resolve extended sources to 3° within its 10° field of view.

A machine-rendered reading of the paper's core claim, the machinery that carries it, and where it could break.

The paper describes the design and survey strategy for the proposed DIffuse X-ray Explorer (DIXE) instrument, which aims to map large structures of hot gas in the Milky Way from the China Space Station. It outlines sun-avoidance approaches that enable coverage of about 72.5 percent of the sky over one year with exposures reaching tens of kiloseconds. The key technical advance is a demodulation method based on Markov Chain Monte Carlo sampling that uses the known collimator response to sharpen the effective imaging performance. Simulations indicate this yields 1° accuracy for locating point sources and 3° resolution for mapping complex extended emission, both improvements over the nominal field of view.

Core claim

Through simulation, the MCMC-based demodulation method applied to the collimator response achieves a localization accuracy of 1° for point-like sources and a spatial resolution of 3° for the extended sources of complex surface brightness distribution, both of which are significantly smaller than the 10° field of view.

What carries the argument

Markov Chain Monte Carlo sampling that demodulates the collimator response to enhance imaging beyond the mechanical field of view.

If this is right

  • DIXE achieves approximately 72.5% sky coverage in one year of operation.
  • Two sun-avoidance strategies yield typical exposures of 26 ks and 68 ks respectively.
  • The demodulation method applies to the mechanically collimated payload to improve its imaging performance.
  • The instrument operates with fixed zenith pointing on the China Space Station while avoiding the Sun by at least 25°.

Where Pith is reading between the lines

These are editorial extensions of the paper, not claims the author makes directly.

  • This approach may allow similar collimated X-ray instruments to achieve sub-field-of-view resolution without hardware changes.
  • Improved localization could help separate point sources from diffuse emission in Milky Way surveys.
  • Applying the method to real data would require validating the collimator response model against on-orbit measurements.

Load-bearing premise

The simulations accurately capture real collimator response, background, and noise without unmodeled systematics that would prevent the MCMC method from reaching the stated 1° and 3° performance on actual data.

What would settle it

Comparison of the method's output positions and maps against known catalog sources or independent high-resolution observations on actual flight data from DIXE or a similar instrument.

Figures

Figures reproduced from arXiv: 2606.10712 by Chunyang Jiang, Jiejia Liu, Junjie Mao, Rui Huang, Ruixuan Tian, Wei Cui.

Figure 1
Figure 1. Figure 1: Geometry of the CSS orbit and DIXE pointing direction (not drawn to scale). [PITH_FULL_IMAGE:figures/full_fig_p004_1.png] view at source ↗
Figure 2
Figure 2. Figure 2: One-year exposure maps under two closure strategies and different inclination [PITH_FULL_IMAGE:figures/full_fig_p005_2.png] view at source ↗
Figure 3
Figure 3. Figure 3: Panel (a): Number of cumulative operation time since the first day of a year under the FD strategy. Panel (b): The minimum Sun angles θ⊙,min in degrees for each day of the year. The critical angle 25◦ is marked by the black dashed line. The purple-shaded region indicates days with minimum Sun angles smaller than the critical θavd = 25◦ . Panel (c): Histogram of the number of forbidden orbits per day. times… view at source ↗
Figure 4
Figure 4. Figure 4: Comparison of the exposure-time distribution and survey efficiency for different [PITH_FULL_IMAGE:figures/full_fig_p009_4.png] view at source ↗
Figure 5
Figure 5. Figure 5: Effective area (Aeff, left axis) and grasp (FoV × Aeff right axis) of DIXE as a function of energy. The effective area accounts for the 1 cm2 detector geometry, filter transmission (6 nm Al2O3/14 Al nm/100 nm polyimide stack), and quantum efficiency (0.1 µm Au/5 µm Bi TES absorber with 99% filling factor). The grasp represents the product of the effective area and the field of view. Energy ranges from 0.1 … view at source ↗
Figure 6
Figure 6. Figure 6: (Left) Schematic illustration of the DIXE collimator geometry. Incident photons enter the cylindrical collimator with detector-frame zenith and azimuth angles (θ ′ , φ′ ), where the collimator axis is aligned with the detector normal. (Middle) Projection onto the detector plane. The square represents the detector chip, i.e., the TES array footprint, and the purple circle represents the projected collimator… view at source ↗
Figure 7
Figure 7. Figure 7: Panel a – c: the projected circular entrance of the collimator in the detector (x ′O′y ′ ) plane at different time slots since the beginning of the simulation. Panel d – f: the collimator response varied with time since the beginning of the simulation. Panel g shows the mocked counts per bin for an ideal point-like source at (ra, dec) = (150, 25) for 8 days. The source flux are assumed to be 2 photons s−1 … view at source ↗
Figure 8
Figure 8. Figure 8: (a) Collimator response (CR) projected in Galactic coordinates at three times during one orbit: start (+0), +25 min, and +50 min. Colors denote CR values, and the dashed white line indicates the scanning trajectory. The white circle marks an extended source partially covered by the DIXE FoV. The inset shows a zoomed-in source region di￾vided into N elements with surface brightness Sj and corresponding CRj … view at source ↗
Figure 9
Figure 9. Figure 9: (Left) Angular separation between the best-fit and input source positions as a function of the input source flux ¯fsrc,in. Results for different background assumptions ( [PITH_FULL_IMAGE:figures/full_fig_p018_9.png] view at source ↗
Figure 10
Figure 10. Figure 10: Point-source fitting performance as a function of fitted duration for an ideal [PITH_FULL_IMAGE:figures/full_fig_p019_10.png] view at source ↗
Figure 11
Figure 11. Figure 11: Performance of two-source fitting for recovering the position and flux of Source [PITH_FULL_IMAGE:figures/full_fig_p020_11.png] view at source ↗
Figure 12
Figure 12. Figure 12: Effect of finite source extent on point-source fitting. Mock sources are generated [PITH_FULL_IMAGE:figures/full_fig_p021_12.png] view at source ↗
Figure 13
Figure 13. Figure 13: The input (left) and best-fit (middle) extended source profiles assume a Gaussian surface brightness distribution. The color coding represents surface brightness in units of photons s−1 cm−2 deg−2 . The right panel shows the relative difference between the best-fit and input profiles in percentage, with color indicating the value of (best-fit − input) divided by input. brightness in each pixel. The fittin… view at source ↗
Figure 14
Figure 14. Figure 14: Input images (left), mocked count-rate profiles (middle), and relative errors between the best-fit and input images (right). Upper panels: The left panel shows a 4 × 4 image with a pixel size of 3 ◦ × 3 ◦ , overlaid with the collimator response pattern at the time when the DIXE field of view passes through the image center. The numbers indicate the mean surface brightness in units of photons s−1 cm−2 deg−… view at source ↗
Figure 15
Figure 15. Figure 15: Effective area convolved CXB spectra assuming an absorbing neutral hydrogen [PITH_FULL_IMAGE:figures/full_fig_p026_15.png] view at source ↗
Figure 16
Figure 16. Figure 16: The corner plot of the MCMC fitting results with [PITH_FULL_IMAGE:figures/full_fig_p027_16.png] view at source ↗
Figure 17
Figure 17. Figure 17: Similar to Figure [PITH_FULL_IMAGE:figures/full_fig_p028_17.png] view at source ↗
read the original abstract

DIffuse X-ray Explorer (DIXE) is a proposed high-resolution X-ray spectroscopic surveyor aimed at studying large structures of hot gas in the Milky Way. Its payload is designed to have a field of view (FoV) of $10^\circ$ (half-power diameter) and an energy resolution of better than 6 eV, covering an energy range of 0.1-10 keV. It will be mounted on the China Space Station (CSS) and follow the CSS orbit to conduct the survey with fixed zenith pointing in order to optimize the coverage of key science targets. The payload will avoid the Sun passively via an operable sunshade, where a minimum $25^\circ$ angular separation between the pointing axis and the direction of the Sun is required. Two Sun-avoidance strategies are considered: one focusing on minimizing mechanical risk and the other on maximizing exposure time. The one-year exposure maps indicate that DIXE will cover approximately $72.5\%$ of the sky, with typical exposure times of 26 ks and 68 ks for the two strategies, respectively. Although mechanically collimated, the imaging performance of the payload can be enhanced with a demodulation method based on Markov Chain Monte Carlo sampling using the collimator response. Through simulation, we found that the method could achieve a localization accuracy of $1^\circ$ for point-like sources and a spatial resolution of $3^\circ$ for the extended sources of complex surface brightness distribution, both of which are significantly smaller than the FoV.

Editorial analysis

A structured set of objections, weighed in public.

Desk editor's note, referee report, simulated authors' rebuttal, and a circularity audit. Tearing a paper down is the easy half of reading it; the pith above is the substance, this is the friction.

Referee Report

2 major / 0 minor

Summary. The manuscript proposes the DIffuse X-ray Explorer (DIXE) payload for high-resolution X-ray spectroscopy (0.1-10 keV, <6 eV resolution) on the China Space Station with a 10° FoV collimated instrument. It compares two sun-avoidance strategies (minimum 25° separation) that yield 72.5% sky coverage and one-year exposures of 26 ks or 68 ks. It further presents an MCMC demodulation approach that, according to simulations, recovers 1° localization for point sources and 3° resolution for complex extended sources.

Significance. If the simulation results hold under realistic conditions, the MCMC demodulation technique would provide a practical route to sub-FoV imaging performance with mechanically collimated detectors, directly benefiting studies of extended hot-gas structures. The exposure-map calculations and explicit comparison of the two sun-avoidance strategies supply concrete, mission-planning data. The work is strengthened by its emphasis on simulation-derived performance metrics.

major comments (2)
  1. [Abstract] Abstract (simulation paragraph): the reported 1° point-source localization and 3° extended-source resolution rest entirely on simulations whose forward model (collimator transmission function, background spectrum and variability, detector noise) is described only at the abstract level; without explicit parameterization or validation against possible on-orbit mismatches, the central performance claims cannot be assessed for robustness.
  2. [Simulation section] Simulation description: no recovery tests, analytic validation, or sensitivity analysis (e.g., degradation under thermal distortion of the collimator or orbit-dependent particle background) are presented to bound the risk that unmodeled systematics would broaden the MCMC posteriors beyond the quoted 1°/3° values.

Simulated Author's Rebuttal

2 responses · 0 unresolved

We thank the referee for the constructive feedback on our manuscript. The comments highlight important areas where the simulation methodology requires greater transparency and validation to support the performance claims. We agree with the assessment and will revise the manuscript accordingly by expanding the relevant sections.

read point-by-point responses

  1. Referee: [Abstract] Abstract (simulation paragraph): the reported 1° point-source localization and 3° extended-source resolution rest entirely on simulations whose forward model (collimator transmission function, background spectrum and variability, detector noise) is described only at the abstract level; without explicit parameterization or validation against possible on-orbit mismatches, the central performance claims cannot be assessed for robustness.

    Authors: We agree that the abstract provides only a summary-level description. The full manuscript contains a simulation section describing the MCMC approach and collimator response, but we acknowledge that explicit parameterization of the forward model (transmission function, background spectrum and variability, detector noise) and discussion of on-orbit mismatches are not sufficiently detailed. In the revised version we will add these explicit parameters and a brief assessment of mismatch effects. revision: yes

  2. Referee: [Simulation section] Simulation description: no recovery tests, analytic validation, or sensitivity analysis (e.g., degradation under thermal distortion of the collimator or orbit-dependent particle background) are presented to bound the risk that unmodeled systematics would broaden the MCMC posteriors beyond the quoted 1°/3° values.

    Authors: The current manuscript reports the simulation outcomes but does not present recovery tests, analytic validation, or sensitivity analyses for systematics such as thermal distortion or orbit-dependent background. We accept this as a valid criticism. The revised manuscript will incorporate recovery tests on simulated data with known inputs and a sensitivity analysis quantifying the impact of the listed systematics on the reported 1° localization and 3° resolution. revision: yes

Circularity Check

0 steps flagged

No circularity; performance figures are simulation outputs, not tautological restatements

full rationale

The paper's key claims (1° point-source localization and 3° extended-source resolution) are explicitly stated as results obtained through simulation of the MCMC demodulation method applied to the collimator response. These are independent forward-model outputs rather than quantities defined in terms of themselves or recovered by construction from fitted parameters. No self-citation chains, uniqueness theorems, ansatzes smuggled via prior work, or renaming of known results appear in the provided text. The derivation chain consists of survey strategy calculations and simulation validation, both of which remain self-contained against external benchmarks.

Axiom & Free-Parameter Ledger

2 free parameters · 1 axioms · 0 invented entities

The work rests on standard assumptions about CSS orbital parameters, perfect knowledge of the collimator response function, and the fidelity of the simulation framework to real observations.

free parameters (2)
  • 25° sun angular separation
    Minimum separation chosen for passive sun avoidance; directly affects exposure calculations.
  • one-year exposure times (26 ks, 68 ks)
    Derived quantities that depend on orbit model and strategy choices.
axioms (1)
  • domain assumption Collimator response function is known exactly and can be used as input to MCMC sampling for source reconstruction.
    Invoked to justify the demodulation method in the abstract.

pith-pipeline@v0.9.1-grok · 5834 in / 1313 out tokens · 28044 ms · 2026-06-27T11:53:30.003358+00:00 · methodology

discussion (0)

Sign in with ORCID, Apple, or X to comment. Anyone can read and Pith papers without signing in.

Reference graph

Works this paper leans on

78 extracted references · 74 canonical work pages · 27 internal anchors

  1. [1]

    Nature , keywords =

    Detection of large-scale X-ray bubbles in the Milky Way halo. Nature , keywords =. doi:10.1038/s41586-020-2979-0 , archivePrefix =. 2012.05840 , primaryClass =

    work page doi:10.1038/s41586-020-2979-0 2012

  2. [2]

    NGC 3079: X-ray emission from the nuclear super-bubble and halo

    NGC 3079: X-ray emission from the nuclear super-bubble and halo. , keywords =. doi:10.48550/arXiv.astro-ph/9810099 , archivePrefix =. astro-ph/9810099 , primaryClass =

    work page internal anchor Pith review Pith/arXiv arXiv doi:10.48550/arxiv.astro-ph/9810099

  3. [3]

    Chandra Observations of NGC 253. II. On the Origin of Diffuse X-Ray Emission in the Halos of Starburst Galaxies. , keywords =. doi:10.1086/338889 , archivePrefix =. astro-ph/0111511 , primaryClass =

    work page internal anchor Pith review Pith/arXiv arXiv doi:10.1086/338889

  4. [4]

    2001, MNRAS, 322, 231, doi: 10.1046/j.1365-8711.2001.04022.x

    The energetics and mass loss of the dwarf starburst Markarian 33. , keywords =. doi:10.1046/j.1365-8711.2001.04722.x , archivePrefix =. astro-ph/0106475 , primaryClass =

    work page doi:10.1046/j.1365-8711.2001.04722.x 2001

  5. [5]

    Kinematic Evidence for Superbubbles in I Zw 18: Constraints on the Star Formation History and Chemical Evolution

    Kinematic Evidence for Superbubbles in I ZW 18: Constraints on the Star Formation History and Chemical Evolution. , keywords =. doi:10.1086/177453 , archivePrefix =. astro-ph/9601107 , primaryClass =

    work page internal anchor Pith review Pith/arXiv arXiv doi:10.1086/177453

  6. [6]

    , keywords =

    An X-Ray and Optical Study of the Dwarf Galaxy NGC 1569: Evidence for a Starburst-driven Outflow. , keywords =. doi:10.1086/175944 , adsurl =

    work page doi:10.1086/175944

  7. [7]

    , keywords =

    Chandra observation of NGC 4449: analysis of the X-ray emission from a dwarf starburst galaxy. , keywords =. doi:10.1046/j.1365-8711.2003.06590.x , archivePrefix =. astro-ph/0303251 , primaryClass =

    work page doi:10.1046/j.1365-8711.2003.06590.x 2003

  8. [8]

    , keywords =

    R-matrix Electron-impact Excitation Data for the H- and He-like Ions with Z = 6-30. , keywords =. doi:10.3847/1538-4365/ac9c57 , archivePrefix =. 2210.13427 , primaryClass =

    work page doi:10.3847/1538-4365/ac9c57

  9. [9]

    Thermal radiation processes

    Thermal Radiation Processes. , keywords =. doi:10.1007/s11214-008-9310-y , archivePrefix =. 0801.1011 , primaryClass =

    work page internal anchor Pith review Pith/arXiv arXiv doi:10.1007/s11214-008-9310-y

  10. [10]

    AAS/High Energy Astrophysics Division \#12 , year = 2011, series =

    Handbook Of X-ray Astronomy. AAS/High Energy Astrophysics Division \#12 , year = 2011, series =

    2011

  11. [11]

    , keywords =

    The eROSITA X-ray telescope on SRG. , keywords =. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202039313 , archivePrefix =. 2010.03477 , primaryClass =

    work page doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202039313 2010

  12. [12]

    Journal of Low Temperature Physics , keywords =

    DIffuse X-ray Explorer: A High-Resolution X-ray Spectroscopic Sky Surveyor on the China Space Station. Journal of Low Temperature Physics , keywords =. doi:10.1007/s10909-024-03095-0 , archivePrefix =. 2406.09813 , primaryClass =

    work page doi:10.1007/s10909-024-03095-0

  13. [13]

    Journal of Low Temperature Physics , keywords =

    HUBS: Hot Universe Baryon Surveyor. Journal of Low Temperature Physics , keywords =. doi:10.1007/s10909-019-02279-3 , adsurl =

    work page doi:10.1007/s10909-019-02279-3

  14. [14]

    , keywords =

    Temporal variations of geocoronal and heliospheric X-ray emission associated with the solar wind interaction with neutrals. , keywords =. doi:10.1029/2000JA000461 , adsurl =

    work page doi:10.1029/2000ja000461

  15. [15]

    Solar Wind Charge Exchange: An Astrophysical Nuisance

    Solar wind charge exchange: an astrophysical nuisance. , keywords =. doi:10.1007/s00159-018-0114-0 , archivePrefix =. 1811.06454 , primaryClass =

    work page internal anchor Pith review Pith/arXiv arXiv doi:10.1007/s00159-018-0114-0

  16. [16]

    , keywords =

    Evidence for Solar-Wind Charge-Exchange X-Ray Emission from the Earth's Magnetosheath. , keywords =. doi:10.1093/pasj/59.sp1.S133 , adsurl =

    work page doi:10.1093/pasj/59.sp1.s133

  17. [17]

    , keywords =

    First Maps of the Soft X-Ray Diffuse Background from the ROSAT XRT/PSPC All-Sky Survey. , keywords =. doi:10.1086/176517 , adsurl =

    work page doi:10.1086/176517

  18. [18]

    , keywords =

    Spectra of the 1/4 keV X-Ray Diffuse Background from the Diffuse X-Ray Spectrometer Experiment. , keywords =. doi:10.1086/321424 , adsurl =

    work page doi:10.1086/321424

  19. [19]

    , keywords =

    Star formation near the Sun is driven by expansion of the Local Bubble. , keywords =. doi:10.1038/s41586-021-04286-5 , archivePrefix =. 2201.05124 , primaryClass =

    work page doi:10.1038/s41586-021-04286-5

  20. [22]

    The SRG/eROSITA view of the soft X-ray background in the eFEDS field

    Abundance and temperature of the outer hot circumgalactic medium. The SRG/eROSITA view of the soft X-ray background in the eFEDS field. , keywords =. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202243992 , archivePrefix =. 2210.03133 , primaryClass =

    work page doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202243992

  21. [23]

    , keywords =

    Analysis Procedures for ROSAT XRT/PSPC Observations of Extended Objects and the Diffuse Background. , keywords =. doi:10.1086/173925 , adsurl =

    work page doi:10.1086/173925

  22. [24]

    , keywords =

    The Fermi/eROSITA bubbles: a look into the nuclear outflow from the Milky Way. , keywords =. doi:10.1007/s00159-024-00152-1 , archivePrefix =. 2403.09824 , primaryClass =

    work page doi:10.1007/s00159-024-00152-1

  23. [25]

    , keywords =

    Misaligned Jets from Sgr A* and the Origin of Fermi/eROSITA Bubbles. , keywords =. doi:10.3847/1538-4357/acd75d , archivePrefix =. 2211.12967 , primaryClass =

    work page doi:10.3847/1538-4357/acd75d

  24. [26]

    Nature Astronomy , keywords =

    Fermi and eROSITA bubbles as relics of the past activity of the Galaxy's central black hole. Nature Astronomy , keywords =. doi:10.1038/s41550-022-01618-x , archivePrefix =. 2203.02526 , primaryClass =

    work page doi:10.1038/s41550-022-01618-x

  25. [27]

    Multi-wavelength features of Fermi Bubbles as signatures of a Galactic wind

    Multiwavelength features of Fermi bubbles as signatures of a Galactic wind. , keywords =. doi:10.1093/mnras/stv1806 , archivePrefix =. 1505.03634 , primaryClass =

    work page internal anchor Pith review Pith/arXiv arXiv doi:10.1093/mnras/stv1806

  26. [28]

    Nature Astronomy , keywords =

    Thermal and chemical properties of the eROSITA bubbles from Suzaku observations. Nature Astronomy , keywords =. doi:10.1038/s41550-023-01963-5 , archivePrefix =. 2201.09915 , primaryClass =

    work page doi:10.1038/s41550-023-01963-5

  27. [29]

    Astropy: A Community Python Package for Astronomy

    Astropy: A community Python package for astronomy. , keywords =. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201322068 , archivePrefix =. 1307.6212 , primaryClass =

    work page internal anchor Pith review Pith/arXiv arXiv doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201322068

  28. [30]

    HEALPix -- a Framework for High Resolution Discretization, and Fast Analysis of Data Distributed on the Sphere

    HEALPix: A Framework for High-Resolution Discretization and Fast Analysis of Data Distributed on the Sphere. , eprint =. doi:10.1086/427976 , adsurl =

    work page internal anchor Pith review doi:10.1086/427976

  29. [31]

    (1) Background

    In-flight calibration of Hitomi Soft X-ray Spectrometer. (1) Background. PASJ , keywords =. doi:10.1093/pasj/psx139 , adsurl =

    work page doi:10.1093/pasj/psx139

  30. [33]

    HI4PI: A full-sky HI survey based on EBHIS and GASS

    HI4PI: A full-sky H I survey based on EBHIS and GASS. A&A , keywords =. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201629178 , archivePrefix =. 1610.06175 , primaryClass =

    work page internal anchor Pith review Pith/arXiv arXiv doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201629178

  31. [34]

    The 2-8 keV cosmic X-ray background spectrum as observed with XMM-Newton

    The 2-8 keV cosmic X-ray background spectrum as observed with XMM-Newton. A&A , keywords =. doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20034421 , archivePrefix =. astro-ph/0311538 , primaryClass =

    work page internal anchor Pith review Pith/arXiv arXiv doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20034421

  32. [35]

    The AGN catalog and its X-ray spectral properties

    The eROSITA Final Equatorial-Depth Survey (eFEDS). The AGN catalog and its X-ray spectral properties. A&A , keywords =. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202141643 , archivePrefix =. 2106.14522 , primaryClass =

    work page doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202141643

  33. [36]

    Constraining the Milky Way's Hot Gas Halo with OVII and OVII Emission Lines

    Constraining the Milky Way's Hot Gas Halo with O VII and O VIII Emission Lines. ApJ , keywords =. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/800/1/14 , archivePrefix =. 1412.3116 , primaryClass =

    work page internal anchor Pith review Pith/arXiv arXiv doi:10.1088/0004-637x/800/1/14

  34. [37]

    The Milky Way's Hot Gas Kinematics: Signatures in Current and Future OVII Absorption Line Observations

    The Milky Way's Hot Gas Kinematics: Signatures in Current and Future OVII Absorption Line Observations. ApJ , keywords =. doi:10.3847/0004-637X/818/2/112 , archivePrefix =. 1601.06797 , primaryClass =

    work page internal anchor Pith review Pith/arXiv arXiv doi:10.3847/0004-637x/818/2/112

  35. [38]

    An XMM-Newton Survey of the Soft X-Ray Background. III. The Galactic Halo X-Ray Emission. ApJ , keywords =. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/773/2/92 , archivePrefix =. 1306.2312 , primaryClass =

    work page internal anchor Pith review Pith/arXiv arXiv doi:10.1088/0004-637x/773/2/92

  36. [39]

    Energy Spectra of the Soft X-ray Diffuse Emission in Fourteen Fields Observed with Suzaku

    Energy Spectra of the Soft X-Ray Diffuse Emission in Fourteen Fields Observed with Suzaku. PASJ , keywords =. doi:10.1093/pasj/61.4.805 , archivePrefix =. 0903.2981 , primaryClass =

    work page internal anchor Pith review Pith/arXiv arXiv doi:10.1093/pasj/61.4.805

  37. [40]

    Spatial distribution of the Milky Way hot gaseous halo constrained by Suzaku X-ray observations

    Spatial Distribution of the Milky Way Hot Gaseous Halo Constrained by Suzaku X-Ray Observations. ApJ , keywords =. doi:10.3847/1538-4357/aacceb , archivePrefix =. 1806.04832 , primaryClass =

    work page internal anchor Pith review Pith/arXiv arXiv doi:10.3847/1538-4357/aacceb

  38. [41]

    The Extended Distribution of Baryons Around Galaxies

    The Extended Distribution of Baryons around Galaxies. ApJ , keywords =. doi:10.3847/1538-4357/aacafe , archivePrefix =. 1803.08963 , primaryClass =

    work page internal anchor Pith review Pith/arXiv arXiv doi:10.3847/1538-4357/aacafe

  39. [42]

    The Mass and Absorption Columns of Galactic Gaseous Halos

    The Mass and Absorption Columns of Galactic Gaseous Halos. ApJ , keywords =. doi:10.3847/1538-4357/aaafd4 , archivePrefix =. 1801.05833 , primaryClass =

    work page internal anchor Pith review Pith/arXiv arXiv doi:10.3847/1538-4357/aaafd4

  40. [43]

    A&A , keywords =

    eROSITA narrowband maps at the energies of soft X-ray emission lines. A&A , keywords =. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202449398 , archivePrefix =. 2401.17310 , primaryClass =

    work page doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202449398

  41. [44]

    ApJ , keywords =

    Progress on Establishing the Spatial Distribution of Material Responsible for the 1 4 keV Soft X-Ray Diffuse Background Local and Halo Components. ApJ , keywords =. doi:10.1086/305135 , adsurl =

    work page doi:10.1086/305135

  42. [45]

    The Structure of the Local Hot Bubble

    The Structure of the Local Hot Bubble. ApJ , keywords =. doi:10.3847/1538-4357/834/1/33 , archivePrefix =. 1611.05133 , primaryClass =

    work page internal anchor Pith review Pith/arXiv arXiv doi:10.3847/1538-4357/834/1/33

  43. [46]

    The local hot bubble in the western Galactic hemisphere

    The SRG/eROSITA diffuse soft X-ray background: I. The local hot bubble in the western Galactic hemisphere. A&A , keywords =. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202451045 , archivePrefix =. 2410.23345 , primaryClass =

    work page doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202451045

  44. [47]

    International Journal of Modern Physics D , keywords =

    XRISM: X-ray imaging and spectroscopy mission. International Journal of Modern Physics D , keywords =. doi:10.1142/S0218271822300014 , adsurl =

    work page doi:10.1142/s0218271822300014

  45. [48]

    , keywords =

    The XRISM first-light observation: Velocity structure and thermal properties of the supernova remnant N 132D. , keywords =. doi:10.1093/pasj/psae080 , archivePrefix =. 2408.14301 , primaryClass =

    work page doi:10.1093/pasj/psae080

  46. [49]

    AIAA/AAS astrodynamics specialist conference and exhibit , keywords =

    Revisiting Spacetrack Report #3. AIAA/AAS astrodynamics specialist conference and exhibit , keywords =

  47. [50]

    The European Photon Imaging Camera on XMM-Newton: The MOS Cameras

    The European Photon Imaging Camera on XMM-Newton: The MOS cameras. , keywords =. doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20000087 , archivePrefix =. astro-ph/0011498 , primaryClass =

    work page internal anchor Pith review Pith/arXiv arXiv doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20000087

  48. [51]

    An Overview of the Performance and Scientific Results from the Chandra X-Ray Observatory (CXO)

    An Overview of the Performance and Scientific Results from the Chandra X-Ray Observatory. , keywords =. doi:10.1086/338108 , archivePrefix =. astro-ph/0110308 , primaryClass =

    work page internal anchor Pith review Pith/arXiv arXiv doi:10.1086/338108

  49. [52]

    and Hilton, G.C

    Irwin, K.D. and Hilton, G.C. Transition-Edge Sensors. Cryogenic Particle Detection. 2005. doi:10.1007/10933596_3

    work page doi:10.1007/10933596_3 2005

  50. [53]

    The Athena X-ray Integral Field Unit (X-IFU)

    The Athena X-ray Integral Field Unit (X-IFU). Space Telescopes and Instrumentation 2016: Ultraviolet to Gamma Ray , year = 2016, editor =. doi:10.1117/12.2232432 , archivePrefix =. 1608.08105 , primaryClass =

    work page internal anchor Pith review Pith/arXiv arXiv doi:10.1117/12.2232432 2016

  51. [54]

    Journal of Astronomical Telescopes, Instruments, and Systems , year = 2018, month = apr, volume =

    Hitomi (ASTRO-H) X-ray Astronomy Satellite. Journal of Astronomical Telescopes, Instruments, and Systems , year = 2018, month = apr, volume =. doi:10.1117/1.JATIS.4.2.021402 , adsurl =

    work page doi:10.1117/1.jatis.4.2.021402 2018

  52. [55]

    ROSAT Survey Diffuse X-Ray Background Maps. II. , keywords =. doi:10.1086/304399 , adsurl =

    work page doi:10.1086/304399

  53. [56]

    The Large-scale Bipolar Wind in the Galactic Center

    The Large-Scale Bipolar Wind in the Galactic Center. , keywords =. doi:10.1086/344573 , archivePrefix =. astro-ph/0208553 , primaryClass =

    work page internal anchor Pith review Pith/arXiv arXiv doi:10.1086/344573

  54. [57]

    , keywords =

    Structure and Origin of the Cygnus Superbubble. , keywords =. doi:10.1007/BF01068256 , adsurl =

    work page doi:10.1007/bf01068256

  55. [58]

    , year = 2001, month = may, volume =

    The Cygnus superbubble revisited. , year = 2001, month = may, volume =. doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20010387 , adsurl =

    work page doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20010387 2001

  56. [59]

    The ROSAT-HRI X-Ray Survey of the Cygnus Loop

    The ROSAT HRI X-Ray Survey of the Cygnus Loop. , keywords =. doi:10.1086/304334 , archivePrefix =. astro-ph/9703092 , primaryClass =

    work page internal anchor Pith review Pith/arXiv arXiv doi:10.1086/304334

  57. [60]

    , keywords =

    Einstein observations of VELA X and the VELA pulsar. , keywords =. doi:10.1086/163749 , adsurl =

    work page doi:10.1086/163749

  58. [61]

    , year = 1998, month = nov, volume =

    Discovery of a young nearby supernova remnant. , year = 1998, month = nov, volume =. doi:10.1038/24103 , adsurl =

    work page doi:10.1038/24103 1998

  59. [62]

    , keywords =

    Spatially resolved X-ray spectroscopy of the Vela supernova remnant. , keywords =

  60. [63]

    Nature Astronomy , keywords =

    The NewAthena mission concept in the context of the next decade of X-ray astronomy. Nature Astronomy , keywords =. doi:10.1038/s41550-024-02416-3 , archivePrefix =. 2501.03100 , primaryClass =

    work page doi:10.1038/s41550-024-02416-3

  61. [64]

    The XMM-Newton Line Emission Analysis Program (X-LEAP). II. The Multiscale Temperature Structures in the Milky Way Hot Gas. , keywords =. doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ad31a0 , archivePrefix =. 2403.05664 , primaryClass =

    work page doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ad31a0

  62. [65]

    A Practical Python Guide for the Analysis of Survey Data, Updated Edition

    Statistics, Data Mining, and Machine Learning in Astronomy. A Practical Python Guide for the Analysis of Survey Data, Updated Edition. doi:10.1515/9780691197050 , adsurl =

    work page doi:10.1515/9780691197050

  63. [66]

    UV and X-ray Spectroscopy of Astrophysical and Laboratory Plasmas , year = 1996, editor =

    SPEX: a new code for spectral analysis of X & UV spectra. UV and X-ray Spectroscopy of Astrophysical and Laboratory Plasmas , year = 1996, editor =

    1996

  64. [67]

    doi:10.5281/zenodo.12771915 , version =

    SPEX X-ray spectral fitting package. doi:10.5281/zenodo.12771915 , version =

    work page doi:10.5281/zenodo.12771915

  65. [68]

    , keywords =

    Suzaku observations of the Monogem Ring and the origin of the Gemini H ring. , keywords =. doi:10.1093/mnras/sty915 , adsurl =

    work page doi:10.1093/mnras/sty915

  66. [69]

    , keywords =

    A new understanding of the Gemini-Monoceros X-ray enhancement from discoveries with eROSITA. , keywords =. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202348834 , archivePrefix =. 2401.17289 , primaryClass =

    work page doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202348834

  67. [70]

    , keywords =

    Gas shells and magnetic fields in the Orion-Eridanus superbubble. , keywords =. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201936239 , archivePrefix =. 1909.10083 , primaryClass =

    work page doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201936239 1909

  68. [71]

    , keywords =

    A Multiwavelength Study of the Eridanus Soft X-Ray Enhancement. , keywords =. doi:10.1086/172423 , adsurl =

    work page doi:10.1086/172423

  69. [72]

    Journal of Low Temperature Physics , keywords =

    Preliminary Design of Detector Assembly for DIXE. Journal of Low Temperature Physics , keywords =. doi:10.1007/s10909-024-03131-z , archivePrefix =. 2405.07559 , primaryClass =

    work page doi:10.1007/s10909-024-03131-z

  70. [73]

    X-ray synchrotron emission from supernova remnants

    X-ray synchrotron emission from supernova remnants. Advances in Space Research , keywords =. doi:10.1016/j.asr.2005.03.047 , archivePrefix =. astro-ph/0503309 , primaryClass =

    work page internal anchor Pith review Pith/arXiv arXiv doi:10.1016/j.asr.2005.03.047 2005

  71. [74]

    , keywords =

    A detailed look at the thermal and nonthermal X-ray emission from the Vela supernova remnant with SRG/eROSITA. , keywords =. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202346691 , archivePrefix =. 2306.10975 , primaryClass =

    work page doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202346691

  72. [75]

    , year = 2024, month = sep, volume =

    X-rays from a newly discovered superbubble in M31. , year = 2024, month = sep, volume =. doi:10.1093/mnras/stae2024 , adsurl =

    work page doi:10.1093/mnras/stae2024 2024

  73. [76]

    emcee: The MCMC Hammer

    emcee: The MCMC Hammer. , keywords =. doi:10.1086/670067 , archivePrefix =. 1202.3665 , primaryClass =

    work page internal anchor Pith review Pith/arXiv arXiv doi:10.1086/670067

  74. [77]

    Experimental Astronomy , year = 1995, month = dec, volume =

    Direct demodulation method and its application to hard X-ray imaging. Experimental Astronomy , year = 1995, month = dec, volume =. doi:10.1007/BF00419259 , adsurl =

    work page doi:10.1007/bf00419259 1995

  75. [78]

    Reconstruction of Objects by Direct Demodulation

    Reconstruction of Objects by Direct Demodulation. , keywords =. doi:10.1007/BF00660079 , archivePrefix =. astro-ph/0503126 , primaryClass =

    work page internal anchor Pith review Pith/arXiv arXiv doi:10.1007/bf00660079

  76. [79]

    Simulation of non X-ray background for the DIffuse X-ray Explorer (DIXE) mission

    Simulation of non X-ray background for the DIffuse X-ray Explorer (DIXE) mission. Experimental Astronomy , keywords =. doi:10.1007/s10686-026-10053-z , archivePrefix =. 2604.13569 , primaryClass =

    work page internal anchor Pith review Pith/arXiv arXiv doi:10.1007/s10686-026-10053-z

  77. [80]

    , keywords =

    HaloSat: A CubeSat to Study the Hot Galactic Halo. , keywords =. doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ab4193 , archivePrefix =. 1909.13822 , primaryClass =

    work page doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ab4193 1909

  78. [81]

    Journal of High Energy Astrophysics , keywords =

    In-orbit calibration to the point-spread function of Insight-HXMT. Journal of High Energy Astrophysics , keywords =. doi:10.1016/j.jheap.2020.01.002 , archivePrefix =. 2002.01097 , primaryClass =

    work page doi:10.1016/j.jheap.2020.01.002 2020