Pith. sign in

REVIEW 6 cited by

General-Purpose In-Context Learning by Meta-Learning Transformers

Not yet reviewed by Pith; the record is open.

This paper has not been read by Pith yet. Machine review is queued; the pith claim, tier, and objections will appear here once it completes.

SPECIMEN: schema-true, not a live event

T0 review · schema-true

One-sentence machine reading of the paper's core claim.

pith:XXXXXXXX · record.json · timestamp

arxiv 2212.04458 v2 pith:V24JFKKC submitted 2022-12-08 cs.LG cs.AIcs.NEstat.ML

classification cs.LGcs.AIcs.NEstat.ML
keywords algorithmslearninggeneral-purposein-contextmeta-learningmodelmodelstraining
verification ladder T0 review T1 audit T2 compute T3 formal
0 comments
read the original abstract

Modern machine learning requires system designers to specify aspects of the learning pipeline, such as losses, architectures, and optimizers. Meta-learning, or learning-to-learn, instead aims to learn those aspects, and promises to unlock greater capabilities with less manual effort. One particularly ambitious goal of meta-learning is to train general-purpose in-context learning algorithms from scratch, using only black-box models with minimal inductive bias. Such a model takes in training data, and produces test-set predictions across a wide range of problems, without any explicit definition of an inference model, training loss, or optimization algorithm. In this paper we show that Transformers and other black-box models can be meta-trained to act as general-purpose in-context learners. We characterize transitions between algorithms that generalize, algorithms that memorize, and algorithms that fail to meta-train at all, induced by changes in model size, number of tasks, and meta-optimization. We further show that the capabilities of meta-trained algorithms are bottlenecked by the accessible state size (memory) determining the next prediction, unlike standard models which are thought to be bottlenecked by parameter count. Finally, we propose practical interventions such as biasing the training distribution that improve the meta-training and meta-generalization of general-purpose in-context learning algorithms.

Discussion (0). Sign in to comment.

Forward citations

Cited by 6 Pith papers

Reviewed papers in the Pith corpus that reference this work. Sorted by Pith novelty score. Full citation record

  1. MimicDroid: In-Context Learning for Humanoid Robot Manipulation from Human Play Videos

    cs.RO 2025-09 conditional novelty 7.0 of 10

    Trained only on unlabeled human play videos, MimicDroid lets a GR1 humanoid perform new manipulation tasks from one to three demonstration videos, with roughly twice the real-world success of prior video-conditioned methods.

  2. Grounding latent algorithm routing in transformer reasoning

    cs.CL 2026-07 conditional novelty 6.5 of 10

    On ROUTEBENCH, 306M–612M dense transformers close most of the oracle routing gap with decodable, nuisance-stable, intervention-sensitive solver-family preferences.

  3. Pretraining Recurrent Networks without Recurrence

    cs.LG 2026-06 unverdicted novelty 6.0 of 10

    SMT trains nonlinear RNNs by imitating one-step memory-transition labels generated by a Transformer, replacing BPTT's unrolled credit assignment with time-parallel supervised learning.

  4. Model Organisms for Emergent Misalignment

    cs.LG 2025-06 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    Emergent misalignment can be induced in small models via a single rank-1 LoRA adapter, and its onset coincides with a phase transition in the adapter's weight direction.

  5. Distributionally robust minimization in meta-learning for system identification

    cs.LG 2025-06 conditional novelty 5.0 of 10

    Using a distributionally robust tail-loss objective in meta-learning improves both worst-case and average RMSE of an in-context transformer system identifier on synthetic and benchmark dynamics.

  6. Prompt Informed Reinforcement Learning for Visual Coverage Path Planning

    cs.RO 2025-07 conditional novelty 4.0 of 10

    Adding GPT-3.5 semantic recommendations as an auxiliary reward term to PPO improves visual coverage and reduces redundancy for simulated aerial coverage path planning, according to reported experiments.

Pith tools