Quasinormal mode excitation in black hole ringdown equals the Fourier transform of the perturbation evaluated at the mode frequency, so black holes act as resonant spectral filters.
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Eigenvalues and eigenfunctions of spin-weighted spheroidal harmonics in four and higher dimensions
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Spin-weighted spheroidal harmonics are useful in a variety of physical situations, including light scattering, nuclear modeling, signal processing, electromagnetic wave propagation, black hole perturbation theory in four and higher dimensions, quantum field theory in curved space-time and studies of D-branes. We first review analytic and numerical calculations of their eigenvalues and eigenfunctions in four dimensions, filling gaps in the existing literature when necessary. Then we compute the angular dependence of the spin-weighted spheroidal harmonics corresponding to slowly-damped quasinormal mode frequencies of the Kerr black hole, providing numerical tables and approximate formulas for their scalar products. Finally we present an exhaustive analytic and numerical study of scalar spheroidal harmonics in (n+4) dimensions.
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A four-parameter greybody factor model reproduces the frequency-domain ringdown amplitude of comparable-mass aligned-spin mergers with mismatches of order 10^{-5}, improving existing models by two orders of magnitude.
Polynomial models for the (2,2) post-merger waveform amplitudes of eccentric non-spinning binary black holes are constructed from numerical-relativity data as functions of symmetric mass ratio and two merger-time dynamical parameters.
Pole-skipping data encodes enough information to reconstruct the full metric of 3D rotating black holes and the radial functions of 4D separable rotating black holes, with Einstein equations becoming algebraic constraints on that data.
GreyRing model based on greybody factors reproduces numerical relativity ringdown signals with mismatches of order 10^{-6} and enables a new post-merger consistency test of general relativity applied to GW250114.
Constrained polarization model for Kerr ringdown modes enables inclination inference from two-detector data for non-precessing mergers but introduces biases when applied to precessing systems.
Analytical proof establishes universality of late-time ringdown tails for any effective potential decaying as 1/r², with different power-law behavior for 1/r^α (1<α<2), covering charged black holes, Kerr, exotic objects, modified gravity, and environmental matter distributions.
Reassessment of the Dudley-Finley decoupling approximation for Kerr-Newman quasinormal modes with direct comparisons to the coupled system and new analysis of near-extremal zero-damped modes.
Black hole spacetimes in dark matter spikes are solved analytically from TOV equations; ringdown quasinormal frequencies differ from Schwarzschild by up to order 10^{-4}.
Black-hole superradiance extracts energy via the ergoregion and can trigger instabilities with applications to dark matter, beyond-Standard-Model physics, and laboratory analogs.
A review summarizing the state of the art in black hole quasinormal modes, ringdown waveform modeling, current LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA observations, and prospects for LISA and next-generation detectors.
Quasinormal modes are eigenmodes of dissipative gravitational systems whose spectra encode near-equilibrium transport coefficients in dual quantum field theories and enable tests of general relativity through gravitational wave observations.
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Superradiance -- the 2020 Edition
Black-hole superradiance extracts energy via the ergoregion and can trigger instabilities with applications to dark matter, beyond-Standard-Model physics, and laboratory analogs.