The first informative astrophysical calibration of gravitational-wave detectors is reported using GW240925 and GW250207.
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Essicket al., Compact binary coalescence sensi- tivity estimates with injection campaigns during the LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA Collaborations’ fourth observing run, Phys
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First joint population inference on binary black hole eccentricity from GWTC-4 bounds the eccentric branching ratio below 5% at 90% confidence, with results consistent with quasi-circular models but highly model-dependent.
Dingo-Pop uses a transformer to perform amortized, end-to-end population inference from GW strain data in seconds, bypassing per-event Monte Carlo sampling.
Dynamical formation in globular clusters produces a robust second black-hole mass peak at ~70 solar masses from second-generation mergers when the first-generation spectrum is truncated by pair-instability supernovae.
Maximum-likelihood-based posterior predictive checks detect model misspecification better than event-level versions for uncertain spin tilts, but current detector sensitivity limits their power; the Gaussian Component Spins model underpredicts high spin magnitudes and overpredicts anti-aligned tilts
The LQG parameter ξ enlarges equatorial bound orbit energy ranges, confines off-equatorial trajectories, and produces larger deviations from Kerr waveforms in EMRI models for two rotating LQG black holes, though signals fall below detector sensitivities.
Simulations show a 40-50 solar-mass black-hole cutoff is not guaranteed to be confidently recovered from GWTC-4-like catalogs, spurious detections are unlikely, and O4 data would reduce cutoff-mass uncertainty by at least 20 percent while yielding only a lower bound on the carbon-alpha reaction rate
GWTC-4 data show a transition to nearly all hierarchical mergers above 46 solar masses, with the hierarchical rate peaking at 15.7 solar masses, indicating mass-dependent substructure in black hole spins.
Targeted eccentric search detects GW200105 with SNR 13.4 and FAR <1/1000 yr, consistent with dynamical formation of the NSBH binary.
GWTC-4 data reveals a pair-instability gap at 44 M_⊙ in secondary black hole masses, interpreted as evidence for hierarchical mergers and used to constrain the S-factor for 12C(α,γ)16O.
Spectral-siren H0 constraints from GWTC-4.0 binary black holes remain robust when the mass spectrum is permitted to evolve with redshift at current detector sensitivity.
B-spline agnostic reconstruction of binary black hole masses from GWTC-4.0 reveals multiple features and a logarithmic hierarchy that impacts Hubble constant measurements, with a low-mass subpopulation isolation method to mitigate systematics.
GPU-accelerated gwcosmo enables 1000x faster dark-siren cosmological analyses for large GW catalogs.
Population-informed hierarchical parameter estimation is required for unbiased astrophysical interpretation of gravitational-wave events rather than using standard individual posteriors with reference priors.
Simulations indicate that catalogs of more than 200 events are needed to precisely measure the neutron-star mass fraction f_NS(m) and over 100 events to rule out all low-mass objects being black holes using gravitational-wave data alone.
citing papers explorer
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Detection of GW200105 with a targeted eccentric search
Targeted eccentric search detects GW200105 with SNR 13.4 and FAR <1/1000 yr, consistent with dynamical formation of the NSBH binary.
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Evidence of the pair instability gap from black hole masses
GWTC-4 data reveals a pair-instability gap at 44 M_⊙ in secondary black hole masses, interpreted as evidence for hierarchical mergers and used to constrain the S-factor for 12C(α,γ)16O.
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Distinguishing between Black Holes and Neutron Stars within a Population of Weak Tidal Measurements
Simulations indicate that catalogs of more than 200 events are needed to precisely measure the neutron-star mass fraction f_NS(m) and over 100 events to rule out all low-mass objects being black holes using gravitational-wave data alone.
- A new group of low-spin $50-70M_\odot$ Black Holes and the high pair-instability mass cutoff