Pith. sign in

REVIEW 13 cited by

Formation of the First Supermassive Black Holes

Not yet reviewed by Pith; the record is open.

This paper has not been read by Pith yet. Machine review is queued; the pith claim, tier, and objections will appear here once it completes.

SPECIMEN: schema-true, not a live event

T0 review · schema-true

One-sentence machine reading of the paper's core claim.

pith:XXXXXXXX · record.json · timestamp

arxiv astro-ph/0212400 v2 pith:GFYOAI6G submitted 2002-12-18 astro-ph gr-qc

classification astro-phgr-qc
keywords blackgalaxiesholeholesbinaryfirstformformation
verification ladder T0 review T1 audit T2 compute T3 formal
0 comments
read the original abstract

We consider the physical conditions under which supermassive black holes could have formed inside the first galaxies. Our SPH simulations indicate that metal-free galaxies with a virial temperature ~10^4 K and with suppressed H2 formation (due to an intergalactic UV background) tend to form a binary black hole system which contains a substantial fraction (>10%) of the total baryonic mass of the host galaxy. Fragmentation into stars is suppressed without substantial H2 cooling. Our simulations follow the condensation of ~5x10^6 M_sun around the two centers of the binary down to a scale of < 0.1pc. Low-spin galaxies form a single black hole instead. These early black holes lead to quasar activity before the epoch of reionization. Primordial black hole binaries lead to the emission of gravitational radiation at redshifts z>10 that would be detectable by LISA.

Discussion (0). Sign in to comment.

Forward citations

Cited by 13 Pith papers

Reviewed papers in the Pith corpus that reference this work. Sorted by Pith novelty score. Full citation record

  1. Too shy to spin? Cosmic wallflowers as proto-globular clusters

    astro-ph.GA 2026-06 unverdicted novelty 7.0 of 10

    Star clusters forming in cosmic filaments at z≈7.6 are systematically slow rotators, and a gas-rich subset overlaps the kinematic and density locus of Milky Way globular clusters, making them plausible proto-globular ...

  2. Hidden-sector accretion and warped black-string seeds for high-redshift supermassive black holes

    astro-ph.CO 2026-06 unverdicted novelty 7.0 of 10

    A warped 5D geometry with hidden-sector accretion produces growing Schwarzschild/Vaidya black-hole seeds on our brane via a common horizon intersection.

  3. Non-Equilibrium Relativistic Core Collapse of Self-Interacting Dark Matter Halos -- Limits On Seed Black Hole Mass

    astro-ph.CO 2026-01 unverdicted novelty 7.0 of 10

    Non-equilibrium relativistic SIDM halo collapse produces seed black holes of mass ~3e-8 of the halo mass at apparent horizon formation.

  4. BlackTHUNDER Reveals a Massive Filament around a Compact AGN at $z\simeq5.23$

    astro-ph.GA 2026-07 conditional novelty 6.5 of 10

    GN-77652, a compact broad-line AGN at z=5.229, lies beside a 12 kpc multi-source filament at the same redshift whose coalescence will erase the compact AGN appearance within ~150–440 Myr.

  5. Outflows in super-Eddington quasars drive clumpy circumgalactic medium and extended H$\alpha$ nebulae at $z \gtrsim 6$

    astro-ph.GA 2026-07 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    In z≈6 quasar simulations, super-Eddington black-hole growth clears escape channels, ejects cold clumps that raise neutral-hydrogen covering, and powers extended Hα nebulae that shrink when the quasar is obscured.

  6. An (in)complete NIRSpec census of Balmer absorption in Type 1 AGN -- radiation-driven outflows in little red dots, quasars and variable stars

    astro-ph.GA 2026-07 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    About 44% of little red dots have hydrogen-alpha absorption from outflowing gas, implying radiatively driven outflows rather than static atmospheres.

  7. Identifying Observational Signatures of Flux Eruption Events in Supermassive Black Hole Accretion Flows with Machine Learning

    astro-ph.HE 2026-06 unverdicted novelty 6.0 of 10

    Machine learning on simulated images identifies that flux eruption events cause more diffuse, polarized, lower-flux millimeter emission with decreased Q-U loop rotation rate, achieving ~80% accuracy with random forest...

  8. Fuzzy dark matter soliton core hosting a supermassive black hole as a dense low-mass perturber in strong gravitational lensing

    astro-ph.CO 2026-01 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    A soliton core of fuzzy dark matter, compressed by an embedded supermassive black hole, reproduces the observed mass profile of the ~10^6 Msun perturber in JVAS B1938+666 for FDM mass ~3.6e-21 eV and subhalo mass ~7e6 Msun.

  9. Direct Collapse Black Hole Candidates from Decaying Dark Matter

    hep-ph 2025-09 unverdicted novelty 6.0 of 10

    Axion dark matter decay injects 1-13.6 eV photons that suppress H2, enabling atomic cooling halos and direct collapse black hole seeds for axion masses 24.5-26.5 eV and couplings down to 4e-12/GeV.

  10. Searching for intermediate mass ratio binary black hole mergers in the third observing run of LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA

    gr-qc 2025-07 conditional novelty 6.0 of 10

    No confident intermediate mass ratio inspirals are found in LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA O3 data, yielding 90% upper limits of roughly 30-1000 Gpc^-3 yr^-1 on their local merger rate and showing higher modes boost search volume b...

  11. Grain-size evolution and rapid dust growth in high-redshift galaxies

    astro-ph.GA 2026-06 conditional novelty 5.0 of 10

    A multiphase ISM grain-size model with low supernova dust yield reproduces observed dust-to-stellar mass ratios and UV luminosity functions at z=7-12 by letting small grains seed rapid metal accretion.

  12. Not-quite-primordial black holes seeded by cosmic string loops

    astro-ph.CO 2025-07 conditional novelty 5.0 of 10

    Cosmic string loops moving through the early universe can seed halos that collapse into 10^5 solar mass black holes, potentially explaining JWST's little red dots.

  13. Origins of Supermassive Black Holes in Galactic Centers

    astro-ph.CO 2025-05 unverdicted

    A review summarizing the three main pathways for supermassive black hole seed formation and arguing that supermassive stellar seeds are the leading explanation.

Pith tools