GraphNPE recovers a significantly lower central density for Boötes I consistent with a core while Draco remains marginally cuspy, and demonstrates that higher-order velocity moments reduce bias in dynamical modeling.
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Cosmic Structure as the Quantum Interference of a Coherent Dark Wave
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abstract
The conventional cold, particle interpretation of dark matter (CDM) still lacks laboratory support and struggles with the basic properties of common dwarf galaxies, which have surprisingly uniform central masses and shallow density profiles. In contrast, galaxies predicted by CDM extend to much lower masses, with steeper, singular profiles. This tension motivates cold, wavelike dark matter ($\psi$DM) composed of a non-relativistic Bose-Einstein condensate, so the uncertainty principle counters gravity below a Jeans scale. Here we achieve the first cosmological simulations of this quantum state at unprecedentedly high resolution capable of resolving dwarf galaxies, with only one free parameter, $\bf{m_B}$, the boson mass. We demonstrate the large scale structure of this $\psi$DM simulation is indistinguishable from CDM, as desired, but differs radically inside galaxies. Connected filaments and collapsed haloes form a large interference network, with gravitationally self-bound solitonic cores inside every galaxy surrounded by extended haloes of fluctuating density granules. These results allow us to determine $\bf{m_B=(8.1^{+1.6}_{-1.7})\times 10^{-23}~eV}$ using stellar phase-space distributions in dwarf spheroidal galaxies. Denser, more massive solitons are predicted for Milky Way sized galaxies, providing a substantial seed to help explain early spheroid formation. Suppression of small structures means the onset of galaxy formation for $\psi$DM is substantially delayed relative to CDM, appearing at $\bf{z\lesssim 13}$ in our simulations.
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A semiclassical tunneling model shows that two-field ultralight DM halos have stability bounds that can be relaxed for some density-mass ratios but become more stringent across much of the parameter space compared to single-field cases.
Black holes in ultralight dark matter solitons undergo quasi-periodic stone-skipping orbits driven by soliton dipole excitations, modifying inspiral dynamics when the black hole is much lighter than the soliton.
Derives the power spectrum evolution and cross-spectra for arbitrary multi-species wave and particle dark matter, incorporating free-streaming, Jeans scales, and intrinsic fluctuations.
Presents a general analytic framework based on truncated BBGKY hierarchy solved via Volterra equations for computing power spectra in multi-species dark matter with finite velocity dispersion and Poisson fluctuations.
Derives suppression of adiabatic perturbations and scale-dependent growth of isocurvature power in warm wave dark matter, verifies with Schrödinger-Poisson simulations, and proposes an analytic halo mass function.
A one-body conformal-factor correction stabilizes boson star-black hole initial data, enabling gravitational-wave analysis that shows higher multipoles can discriminate mixed mergers from pure black-hole binaries.
Using Jeans analysis of Leo II stellar kinematics, the paper constrains the fuzzy dark matter mass m_a and self-interaction parameter f_a, finding 95% CL lower limits on m_a in the (1-10)×10^{-22} eV range for |f_a^{-1}| ≲ 10^{-14} GeV^{-1}.
Self-interaction changes the energy-mass scaling of BECDM core mergers from E proportional to minus M cubed to milder forms, altering mass retention, while an ideal gas only modifies the gravitational background without changing the bosonic scaling.
ℓ-boson stars are constructed and their properties studied in asymptotically anti-de Sitter spacetime.
Fuzzy dark matter induces frequency-dependent amplitude birefringence in gravitational waves with periodic time modulation set by the scalar mass, but no velocity birefringence.
Self-interaction bounds from cosmology constrain ultralight dark matter couplings to neutrinos, electrons, and light quarks via unavoidable quantum loop corrections.
Simulations reveal tidal heating dominates stellar cluster evolution in low-mass fuzzy dark matter halos, suppressed by reduced soliton mass and tidal stripping, so halo structure must be modeled to constrain the fuzzy dark matter particle mass.
Using S2 star periastron precession, the work constrains ultralight scalar dark matter mass ratios to below 10^{-3} or 1 and improves quadratic coupling bounds for masses 10^{-20} to 10^{-18} eV.
Bayesian analysis of PPTA-DR3 and EPTA-DR2 finds no statistically significant ULDM signals and sets 95% CL upper limits on scalar and dark photon dark matter, improving prior bounds in most mass ranges.
Fuzzy dark matter with smooth cored halos provides the most consistent description of M31's rotation curve among scalar field models when paired with a two-bulge baryonic configuration.
Review summarizing radio searches for WIMP and ALP dark matter with SKA precursors and forecasts for SKA-Low and SKA-Mid telescopes.
citing papers explorer
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Dark Matter in Draco and Bo\"otes I: Hints of a Core in an Ultra-Faint Dwarf from Simulation-Based Inference
GraphNPE recovers a significantly lower central density for Boötes I consistent with a core while Draco remains marginally cuspy, and demonstrates that higher-order velocity moments reduce bias in dynamical modeling.
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Tunneling and tidal stripping in multifield ultralight dark matter halos
A semiclassical tunneling model shows that two-field ultralight DM halos have stability bounds that can be relaxed for some density-mass ratios but become more stringent across much of the parameter space compared to single-field cases.
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Stone Skipping Black Holes in Ultralight Dark Matter Solitons
Black holes in ultralight dark matter solitons undergo quasi-periodic stone-skipping orbits driven by soliton dipole excitations, modifying inspiral dynamics when the black hole is much lighter than the soliton.
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Growth of Structure in Multi-species Wave Dark Matter
Derives the power spectrum evolution and cross-spectra for arbitrary multi-species wave and particle dark matter, incorporating free-streaming, Jeans scales, and intrinsic fluctuations.
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Multi-species Dark Matter with Warmth and Randomness
Presents a general analytic framework based on truncated BBGKY hierarchy solved via Volterra equations for computing power spectra in multi-species dark matter with finite velocity dispersion and Poisson fluctuations.
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Early Growth of Structure in Warm Wave Dark Matter
Derives suppression of adiabatic perturbations and scale-dependent growth of isocurvature power in warm wave dark matter, verifies with Schrödinger-Poisson simulations, and proposes an analytic halo mass function.
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Boson star-black hole binaries: initial data and head-on collisions
A one-body conformal-factor correction stabilizes boson star-black hole initial data, enabling gravitational-wave analysis that shows higher multipoles can discriminate mixed mergers from pure black-hole binaries.
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Constraints on Self-Interacting Fuzzy Dark Matter from the Stellar Kinematics of the Dwarf Galaxy Leo II
Using Jeans analysis of Leo II stellar kinematics, the paper constrains the fuzzy dark matter mass m_a and self-interaction parameter f_a, finding 95% CL lower limits on m_a in the (1-10)×10^{-22} eV range for |f_a^{-1}| ≲ 10^{-14} GeV^{-1}.
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Effects of Self-Interaction and of an Ideal Gas in Binary Mergers of Bosonic Dark Matter Cores
Self-interaction changes the energy-mass scaling of BECDM core mergers from E proportional to minus M cubed to milder forms, altering mass retention, while an ideal gas only modifies the gravitational background without changing the bosonic scaling.
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$\ell$-Boson stars in anti-de Sitter spacetime
ℓ-boson stars are constructed and their properties studied in asymptotically anti-de Sitter spacetime.
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Gravitational Wave Birefringence from Fuzzy Dark Matter
Fuzzy dark matter induces frequency-dependent amplitude birefringence in gravitational waves with periodic time modulation set by the scalar mass, but no velocity birefringence.
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Self-Interaction Bounds on Ultralight Dark Matter Couplings to Matter
Self-interaction bounds from cosmology constrain ultralight dark matter couplings to neutrinos, electrons, and light quarks via unavoidable quantum loop corrections.
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Tidal Heating of Stellar Clusters in Fuzzy Dark Matter Halos
Simulations reveal tidal heating dominates stellar cluster evolution in low-mass fuzzy dark matter halos, suppressed by reduced soliton mass and tidal stripping, so halo structure must be modeled to constrain the fuzzy dark matter particle mass.
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Constraining Ultralight Scalar Dark Matter in the Galactic Center with the S2 Orbit
Using S2 star periastron precession, the work constrains ultralight scalar dark matter mass ratios to below 10^{-3} or 1 and improves quadratic coupling bounds for masses 10^{-20} to 10^{-18} eV.
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Constraints on Ultralight Scalar and Dark Photon Dark Matter from PPTA-DR3 and EPTA-DR2
Bayesian analysis of PPTA-DR3 and EPTA-DR2 finds no statistically significant ULDM signals and sets 95% CL upper limits on scalar and dark photon dark matter, improving prior bounds in most mass ranges.
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Testing Scalar Field Dark Matter models in M31 galaxy through the Rotation Curve analysis
Fuzzy dark matter with smooth cored halos provides the most consistent description of M31's rotation curve among scalar field models when paired with a two-bulge baryonic configuration.
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Probing the Fundamental Nature of Particle Dark Matter
Review summarizing radio searches for WIMP and ALP dark matter with SKA precursors and forecasts for SKA-Low and SKA-Mid telescopes.
- Yukawa-Screened Bose-Star Condensation