HABIT is a large-scale robot demonstration dataset for human-present environments that elicits spatiotemporal synchronization, yielding, and gesture grounding behaviors absent from robot-only training data.
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RT-1: Robotics Transformer for Real-World Control at Scale
Canonical reference. 85% of citing Pith papers cite this work as background.
abstract
By transferring knowledge from large, diverse, task-agnostic datasets, modern machine learning models can solve specific downstream tasks either zero-shot or with small task-specific datasets to a high level of performance. While this capability has been demonstrated in other fields such as computer vision, natural language processing or speech recognition, it remains to be shown in robotics, where the generalization capabilities of the models are particularly critical due to the difficulty of collecting real-world robotic data. We argue that one of the keys to the success of such general robotic models lies with open-ended task-agnostic training, combined with high-capacity architectures that can absorb all of the diverse, robotic data. In this paper, we present a model class, dubbed Robotics Transformer, that exhibits promising scalable model properties. We verify our conclusions in a study of different model classes and their ability to generalize as a function of the data size, model size, and data diversity based on a large-scale data collection on real robots performing real-world tasks. The project's website and videos can be found at robotics-transformer1.github.io
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- abstract By transferring knowledge from large, diverse, task-agnostic datasets, modern machine learning models can solve specific downstream tasks either zero-shot or with small task-specific datasets to a high level of performance. While this capability has been demonstrated in other fields such as computer vision, natural language processing or speech recognition, it remains to be shown in robotics, where the generalization capabilities of the models are particularly critical due to the difficulty of collecting real-world robotic data. We argue that one of the keys to the success of such general robo
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Vision-language-action models are highly vulnerable to membership inference attacks, including practical black-box versions that exploit generated actions and motion trajectories.
FlowHijack is the first dynamics-aware backdoor attack on flow-matching VLAs that achieves high success rates with stealthy triggers while preserving benign performance and making malicious actions kinematically indistinguishable from normal ones.
OSWorld provides the first unified real-computer benchmark for open-ended multimodal agent tasks, exposing large performance gaps between humans and state-of-the-art LLM/VLM agents.
In a two-period game-theoretic model of learning-by-deploying, data pooling raises welfare with fixed prices but can turn privately unprofitable under Cournot competition, with a sustainability threshold set by demand elasticity.
SARL optimizes language prompt inputs to generalist vision-language-action policies through online RL to solve complex long-horizon tasks by composing existing skills.
ForesightSafety-VLA creates a diagnostic benchmark for VLA safety with taxonomy across physical, language, and visual risks, showing perception and structure variations cause more safety degradation than language changes in tested models.
LIBERO-Safety supplies a scalable benchmark, data-generation pipeline, and 19,664-demonstration dataset that exposes a generalization-safety tension in current VLA models where diverse training improves collision avoidance but task success stays limited by trajectory quality and semantic understandi
ReCoVLA improves VLA policy reliability by using a VLM as a semantic reward selector to train residual recovery policies in simulation, raising average success from 36.7% to 66.7% in sim and achieving 61.7% in zero-shot sim-to-real physical tests.
World models introduce a stealthy poisoning vector into robot learning pipelines where malicious prompts or dynamics in teleoperated data activate only during synthetic trajectory generation, enabling backdoors in downstream policies.
B2FF pre-generates a milestone bank of familiar future states from the clean initial observation and uses a recoverability-aware selector to guide VLA policies back from deviations, raising average success rate from 56.3% to 74.0% on failure-injected LIBERO.
ActProbe is an action-space detector that uses temporal consistency error and action chunk magnitude from policy outputs, mapped via LSTM-MLP, to predict failures earlier than baselines across policies and real-robot tasks.
WIZARD meta-learns to map task evidence directly to LoRA updates for VLA policies, reporting up to 14x gains on unseen tasks in simulation and real-robot experiments without test-time optimization or action labels.
PiL-World introduces a chunk-wise world model for closed-loop VLA policy evaluation that reduces the gap between simulated and real success rates from 63.2% to 12.0% on three dual-arm manipulation tasks by conditioning on action-derived visual control and latent histories while training on both succ
HapTile introduces a visuotactile dataset with haptic-informed teleoperation for language-conditioned contact-rich manipulation tasks and provides baseline policy benchmarks.
DVAC uses denoising variance as an intrinsic signal to adaptively chunk actions in flow-based robot policies, improving success rates and cutting replans on LIBERO, RoboTwin, CALVIN, and real-world tasks.
TTT-VLA performs test-time training for VLA models by optimizing only a latent prompt on new interaction data via a proxy self-supervised signal, yielding higher task success rates on SimplerEnv in single- and multi-embodiment settings.
A novel complexity minimization meta-learning framework provably demonstrates that few-shot adaptation error decreases as meta-training data volume increases.
PhAIL provides an open benchmark and distributional evaluation method for real-robot VLA policies using time-to-success CDF, HRT scoring, and KS significance tests.
PRISM replaces Markov or fixed-window intention models in multi-intention IRL with a recurrent network, proving an exact EM decomposition into closed-form per-intention reward problems and reporting highest held-out likelihood on gridworld, mouse, and robotic tasks.
Introduces MM-CreativityBench for affordance-grounded creative tool use and shows that DPO-based alignment with an affordance knowledge base improves entity and part selection while cutting hallucination errors in LMMs.
JOPAT jointly models pixels, point tracks, and actions in a diffusion transformer and reports gains over pixel-only baselines on long-horizon robot tasks with occlusion and off-screen motion.
ABS uses Behavioral Divergence to adaptively scale batch sizes in RL according to policy volatility, enabling effective large-batch large-network training on ALE benchmarks.
A hypernetwork generates complete task-specific visuomotor policy parameters from instructions alone to structurally eliminate observation leakage in language-conditioned robotic control.
citing papers explorer
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Learning Fine-Grained Bimanual Manipulation with Low-Cost Hardware
Low-cost imprecise robots achieve 80-90% success on six fine bimanual manipulation tasks using imitation learning with a new Action Chunking with Transformers algorithm trained on only 10 minutes of demonstrations.
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AutoVLA: A Vision-Language-Action Model for End-to-End Autonomous Driving with Adaptive Reasoning and Reinforcement Fine-Tuning
AutoVLA unifies semantic reasoning and trajectory planning in one autoregressive VLA model for end-to-end autonomous driving by tokenizing trajectories into discrete actions and using GRPO reinforcement fine-tuning to adaptively reduce unnecessary reasoning.