All tree-level unitarity conditions in spin-≤1 theories are captured by four- and five-point amplitudes and can be diagnosed from particle content alone.
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Secluded U(1) below the weak scale
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abstract
A secluded U(1) sector with weak admixture to photons, O(10^{-2}-10^{-3}), and the scale of the breaking below 1 GeV represents a natural yet poorly constrained extension of the Standard Model. We analyze g-2 of muons and electrons together with other precision QED data, as well as radiative decays of strange particles to constrain mass--mixing angle (m_V-\kappa) parameter space. We point out that m_V = 214 MeV and \kappa^2 > 3\times 10^{-5} can be consistent with the hypothesis of HyperCP collaboration, that seeks to explain the anomalous energy distribution of muon pairs in the \Sigma^+ \to p \mu^+\mu^- process by a resonance, without direct contradiction to the existing data on radiative kaon decays. The same parameters lead to O({\rm few} \times 10^{-9}) upward correction to the anomalous magnetic moment of the muon, possibly relaxing some tension between experimental value and theoretical determinations of g-2. The ultra-fine energy resolution scan of e^+e^-\to \mu^+\mu^- cross section and dedicated analysis of lepton spectra from K^+\to \pi^+ e^+e^- decays should be able to provide a conclusive test of this hypothesis and improve the constraints on the model.
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Higher-order electromagnetic and hadronic contributions to dark photon bremsstrahlung have limited impact on signal and background predictions for LDMX and LOHENGRIN except for requiring an HCAL extension in LOHENGRIN to veto diffractive backgrounds.
A rescaled difference a_μ-e of lepton g-2 values cancels short-distance effects and cuts hadronic vacuum polarization uncertainty by ~85%, offering a cleaner probe for sub-GeV new physics.
A covariant non-canonical kinetic term formulation for two U(1) models yields simple two-loop MSbar RGEs and reparametrization-invariant quantities linked to millicharges.
DAMSA proposes an ultra-short baseline accelerator experiment to detect short-lived dark sector messengers by overcoming the sensitivity ceiling of longer-baseline beam dump experiments through a compact detector design.
An angular distribution observable from decay products distinguishes vector versus scalar spin for dark sector mediators in meson decays, enabling spin identification at DUNE, SHiP and FASER2 in unconstrained parameter space.
Dark matter freezes in from non-thermal Z' decays before reheating ends in an inflationary model with a secluded U(1)_D gauge sector, Z' reheaton, and lattice treatment of non-perturbative effects, opening viable parameter space with GW probes.
DREAMuS proposes a muon-beam fixed-target setup at HIAF to probe GeV-scale muon-philic dark matter with sensitivity to couplings around 10^{-4} using background-suppressed signatures from a light flavor-violating mediator.
Monte Carlo studies show BESIII data already reaches previously unexplored regions of the dark axion portal via J/ψ → a γ' decays, with STCF projected to improve sensitivity by about an order of magnitude.
STCF can reach |V_eN|^2 values one to two orders of magnitude below current bounds for heavy neutral leptons via displaced-vertex searches from ALP decays in D-meson production.
The paper surveys theoretical motivations, experimental searches, and bounds on the dark photon as a kinetically mixed gauge boson from a dark sector, covering both massive and massless cases along with related milli-charged fermion constraints.
citing papers explorer
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Explicit Conditions for Diagnosing Tree-Level Unitarity
All tree-level unitarity conditions in spin-≤1 theories are captured by four- and five-point amplitudes and can be diagnosed from particle content alone.
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Theory Calculations for LDMX and LOHENGRIN beyond Coherent Bethe-Heitler Scattering
Higher-order electromagnetic and hadronic contributions to dark photon bremsstrahlung have limited impact on signal and background predictions for LDMX and LOHENGRIN except for requiring an HCAL extension in LOHENGRIN to veto diffractive backgrounds.
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Lepton $g-2$ non-universality of hadronic contributions and a sub-GeV window to New Physics
A rescaled difference a_μ-e of lepton g-2 values cancels short-distance effects and cuts hadronic vacuum polarization uncertainty by ~85%, offering a cleaner probe for sub-GeV new physics.
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Renormalisation and invariants for two U(1)s
A covariant non-canonical kinetic term formulation for two U(1) models yields simple two-loop MSbar RGEs and reparametrization-invariant quantities linked to millicharges.
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The DAMSA Experiment
DAMSA proposes an ultra-short baseline accelerator experiment to detect short-lived dark sector messengers by overcoming the sensitivity ceiling of longer-baseline beam dump experiments through a compact detector design.
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Spin Identification of Dark Sector Mediators through Angular Distributions
An angular distribution observable from decay products distinguishes vector versus scalar spin for dark sector mediators in meson decays, enabling spin identification at DUNE, SHiP and FASER2 in unconstrained parameter space.
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Dark Matter Freeze-in from a $Z^\prime$ Reheaton
Dark matter freezes in from non-thermal Z' decays before reheating ends in an inflationary model with a secluded U(1)_D gauge sector, Z' reheaton, and lattice treatment of non-perturbative effects, opening viable parameter space with GW probes.
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DREAMuS: Dark matter REsearch with Advanced Muon Source
DREAMuS proposes a muon-beam fixed-target setup at HIAF to probe GeV-scale muon-philic dark matter with sensitivity to couplings around 10^{-4} using background-suppressed signatures from a light flavor-violating mediator.
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Probing the dark axion portal via $J/\psi$ decays at BESIII and STCF
Monte Carlo studies show BESIII data already reaches previously unexplored regions of the dark axion portal via J/ψ → a γ' decays, with STCF projected to improve sensitivity by about an order of magnitude.
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Long-lived sterile neutrinos from axionlike particles at the Super Tau-Charm Facility
STCF can reach |V_eN|^2 values one to two orders of magnitude below current bounds for heavy neutral leptons via displaced-vertex searches from ALP decays in D-meson production.
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The Dark Photon
The paper surveys theoretical motivations, experimental searches, and bounds on the dark photon as a kinetically mixed gauge boson from a dark sector, covering both massive and massless cases along with related milli-charged fermion constraints.