SimWorld Studio deploys an evolving coding agent to create adaptive 3D environments that co-evolve with embodied learners, delivering 18-point success-rate gains over fixed environments in navigation benchmarks.
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Eureka: Human-Level Reward Design via Coding Large Language Models
Canonical reference. 100% of citing Pith papers cite this work as background.
abstract
Large Language Models (LLMs) have excelled as high-level semantic planners for sequential decision-making tasks. However, harnessing them to learn complex low-level manipulation tasks, such as dexterous pen spinning, remains an open problem. We bridge this fundamental gap and present Eureka, a human-level reward design algorithm powered by LLMs. Eureka exploits the remarkable zero-shot generation, code-writing, and in-context improvement capabilities of state-of-the-art LLMs, such as GPT-4, to perform evolutionary optimization over reward code. The resulting rewards can then be used to acquire complex skills via reinforcement learning. Without any task-specific prompting or pre-defined reward templates, Eureka generates reward functions that outperform expert human-engineered rewards. In a diverse suite of 29 open-source RL environments that include 10 distinct robot morphologies, Eureka outperforms human experts on 83% of the tasks, leading to an average normalized improvement of 52%. The generality of Eureka also enables a new gradient-free in-context learning approach to reinforcement learning from human feedback (RLHF), readily incorporating human inputs to improve the quality and the safety of the generated rewards without model updating. Finally, using Eureka rewards in a curriculum learning setting, we demonstrate for the first time, a simulated Shadow Hand capable of performing pen spinning tricks, adeptly manipulating a pen in circles at rapid speed.
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The AI Scientist framework enables LLMs to independently conduct the full scientific process from idea generation to paper writing and review, demonstrated across three ML subfields with papers costing under $15 each.
Multi-agent LLM system Agora under Sealed Joint Search conditions produces +1.87 holdout Sharpe on CSI 1000 over a 91-day sealed period, exceeding the best baseline at +1.334 under favorable seed.
LLM-generated combinatorial solvers achieve highest correctness when the model formalizes problems for verified backends rather than attempting to optimize search, which often causes regressions.
Agentick is a new benchmark for sequential decision-making agents that evaluates RL, LLM, VLM, hybrid, and human approaches across 37 tasks and finds no single method dominates.
CoRAL lets LLMs act as adaptive cost designers for motion planners while using VLM priors and online identification to handle unknown physics, achieving over 50% higher success rates than baselines in unseen contact-rich robotic scenarios.
Iterative search over reward functions with ranked feedback in GRPO training improves LLM math reasoning, achieving F1 of 0.795 on GSM8K versus 0.609 for baseline.
A2DEPT generates complete algorithms for COPs using LLM-driven evolutionary program trees with hybrid selection and repair, reducing mean normalized optimality gap by 9.8% versus strongest AHD baselines on standard benchmarks.
Closed-loop prompt-based translation with hierarchical verification and iterative repair produces equivalent high-performance RL environments across five cases including new TCGJax.
A survey that defines Compound AI Systems, proposes a multi-dimensional taxonomy based on component roles and orchestration strategies, reviews four foundational paradigms, and identifies key challenges for future research.
VoxPoser uses LLMs to compose 3D value maps via VLM interaction for model-based synthesis of robust robot trajectories on open-set language-specified manipulation tasks.
A framework learns invariant symbolic reward functions from few demonstrations that generalize zero-shot to variations in robotic manipulation tasks.
EvoNav automates the design of reward functions for RL robot navigation by evolving LLM proposals through a three-stage cheap-to-expensive evaluation process and claims better policies than hand-crafted or prior automated rewards.
SAGE trains agents in physics-grounded semantic abstractions via RL with asymmetric clipping, achieving 53.21% LLM-Match Success on A-EQA (+9.7% over baseline) and encouraging physical robot transfer.
LLM-generated coordination graph priors improve multi-agent reinforcement learning performance on MPE benchmarks, with models as small as 1.5B parameters proving effective.
EgoTSR applies a three-stage curriculum on a 46-million-sample dataset to build egocentric spatiotemporal reasoning, reaching 92.4% accuracy on long-horizon tasks and reducing chronological biases.
A text-to-simulation pipeline using LLMs and VLMs generates synthetic pHRI data to train vision-based imitation learning policies that achieve over 80% success in zero-shot sim-to-real transfer on real assistive tasks.
Test-time steering of pre-trained whole-body policies via sample-based planning lets legged robots generalize dynamic loco-manipulation to varied heavy objects and tasks without additional training or tuning.
RoboPlayground reframes robotic manipulation evaluation as a language-driven process over structured physical domains, letting users author varied yet reproducible tasks that reveal policy generalization failures.
DreamTIP adds LLM-identified task-invariant properties as auxiliary targets in Dreamer's world model plus a mixed-replay adaptation step, delivering 28.1% average simulated transfer gains and 100% real-world climb success versus 10% for baselines.
The paper systematizes agentic skills beyond tool use, providing design pattern and representation-scope taxonomies plus security analysis of malicious skill infiltration in agent marketplaces.
ShinkaEvolve improves sample efficiency in LLM-driven program evolution via parent sampling, code novelty rejection-sampling, and bandit LLM ensemble selection, achieving new SOTA circle packing with 150 samples and gains on math reasoning and competitive programming tasks.
SimpleVLA-RL applies tailored reinforcement learning to VLA models, reaching SoTA on LIBERO, outperforming π₀ on RoboTwin, and surpassing SFT in real-world tasks while reducing data needs and identifying a 'pushcut' phenomenon.
SOL is a new hierarchical RL algorithm that reaches 35x higher throughput and outperforms flat agents when trained on 30 billion frames in NetHack while showing positive scaling.
citing papers explorer
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SimWorld Studio: Automatic Environment Generation with Evolving Coding Agent for Embodied Agent Learning
SimWorld Studio deploys an evolving coding agent to create adaptive 3D environments that co-evolve with embodied learners, delivering 18-point success-rate gains over fixed environments in navigation benchmarks.
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The AI Scientist: Towards Fully Automated Open-Ended Scientific Discovery
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AI Trading's Alpha Singularity: Emergent Market Reasoning through Agent-to-Agent Self-Evolution
Multi-agent LLM system Agora under Sealed Joint Search conditions produces +1.87 holdout Sharpe on CSI 1000 over a 91-day sealed period, exceeding the best baseline at +1.334 under favorable seed.
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Formalize, Don't Optimize: The Heuristic Trap in LLM-Generated Combinatorial Solvers
LLM-generated combinatorial solvers achieve highest correctness when the model formalizes problems for verified backends rather than attempting to optimize search, which often causes regressions.
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Agentick: A Unified Benchmark for General Sequential Decision-Making Agents
Agentick is a new benchmark for sequential decision-making agents that evaluates RL, LLM, VLM, hybrid, and human approaches across 37 tasks and finds no single method dominates.
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CoRAL: Contact-Rich Adaptive LLM-based Control for Robotic Manipulation
CoRAL lets LLMs act as adaptive cost designers for motion planners while using VLM priors and online identification to handle unknown physics, achieving over 50% higher success rates than baselines in unseen contact-rich robotic scenarios.
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Enhanced LLM Reasoning by Optimizing Reward Functions with Search-Driven Reinforcement Learning
Iterative search over reward functions with ranked feedback in GRPO training improves LLM math reasoning, achieving F1 of 0.795 on GSM8K versus 0.609 for baseline.
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A2DEPT: Large Language Model-Driven Automated Algorithm Design via Evolutionary Program Trees
A2DEPT generates complete algorithms for COPs using LLM-driven evolutionary program trees with hybrid selection and repair, reducing mean normalized optimality gap by 9.8% versus strongest AHD baselines on standard benchmarks.
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Automatic Generation of High-Performance RL Environments
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From Standalone LLMs to Integrated Intelligence: A Survey of Compound Al Systems
A survey that defines Compound AI Systems, proposes a multi-dimensional taxonomy based on component roles and orchestration strategies, reviews four foundational paradigms, and identifies key challenges for future research.
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VoxPoser: Composable 3D Value Maps for Robotic Manipulation with Language Models
VoxPoser uses LLMs to compose 3D value maps via VLM interaction for model-based synthesis of robust robot trajectories on open-set language-specified manipulation tasks.
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Beyond Pixels: Learning Invariant Rewards for Real-World Robotics From a Few Demonstrations
A framework learns invariant symbolic reward functions from few demonstrations that generalize zero-shot to variations in robotic manipulation tasks.
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EvoNav: Evolutionary Reward Function Design for Robot Navigation with Large Language Models
EvoNav automates the design of reward functions for RL robot navigation by evolving LLM proposals through a three-stage cheap-to-expensive evaluation process and claims better policies than hand-crafted or prior automated rewards.
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Plan in Sandbox, Navigate in Open Worlds: Learning Physics-Grounded Abstracted Experience for Embodied Navigation
SAGE trains agents in physics-grounded semantic abstractions via RL with asymmetric clipping, achieving 53.21% LLM-Match Success on A-EQA (+9.7% over baseline) and encouraging physical robot transfer.
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Do LLM-derived graph priors improve multi-agent coordination?
LLM-generated coordination graph priors improve multi-agent reinforcement learning performance on MPE benchmarks, with models as small as 1.5B parameters proving effective.
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From Perception to Planning: Evolving Ego-Centric Task-Oriented Spatiotemporal Reasoning via Curriculum Learning
EgoTSR applies a three-stage curriculum on a 46-million-sample dataset to build egocentric spatiotemporal reasoning, reaching 92.4% accuracy on long-horizon tasks and reducing chronological biases.
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Generative Simulation for Policy Learning in Physical Human-Robot Interaction
A text-to-simulation pipeline using LLMs and VLMs generates synthetic pHRI data to train vision-based imitation learning policies that achieve over 80% success in zero-shot sim-to-real transfer on real assistive tasks.
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Sumo: Dynamic and Generalizable Whole-Body Loco-Manipulation
Test-time steering of pre-trained whole-body policies via sample-based planning lets legged robots generalize dynamic loco-manipulation to varied heavy objects and tasks without additional training or tuning.
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RoboPlayground: Democratizing Robotic Evaluation through Structured Physical Domains
RoboPlayground reframes robotic manipulation evaluation as a language-driven process over structured physical domains, letting users author varied yet reproducible tasks that reveal policy generalization failures.
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Learning Task-Invariant Properties via Dreamer: Enabling Efficient Policy Transfer for Quadruped Robots
DreamTIP adds LLM-identified task-invariant properties as auxiliary targets in Dreamer's world model plus a mixed-replay adaptation step, delivering 28.1% average simulated transfer gains and 100% real-world climb success versus 10% for baselines.
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SoK: Agentic Skills -- Beyond Tool Use in LLM Agents
The paper systematizes agentic skills beyond tool use, providing design pattern and representation-scope taxonomies plus security analysis of malicious skill infiltration in agent marketplaces.
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ShinkaEvolve: Towards Open-Ended And Sample-Efficient Program Evolution
ShinkaEvolve improves sample efficiency in LLM-driven program evolution via parent sampling, code novelty rejection-sampling, and bandit LLM ensemble selection, achieving new SOTA circle packing with 150 samples and gains on math reasoning and competitive programming tasks.
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SimpleVLA-RL: Scaling VLA Training via Reinforcement Learning
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Scalable Option Learning in High-Throughput Environments
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CoT-VLA: Visual Chain-of-Thought Reasoning for Vision-Language-Action Models
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DINO-WM: World Models on Pre-trained Visual Features enable Zero-shot Planning
DINO-WM builds world models on pre-trained DINOv2 features to enable zero-shot planning from offline data without rewards or demonstrations.
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AgenticRecTune: Multi-Agent with Self-Evolving Skillhub for Recommendation System Optimization
AgenticRecTune deploys five LLM agents (Actor, Critic, Insight, Skill, Online) and a self-evolving Skillhub to handle end-to-end configuration optimization for multi-stage recommendation systems.
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LLM-Guided Task- and Affordance-Level Exploration in Reinforcement Learning
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Toward Automated Virtual Electronic Control Unit (ECU) Twins for Shift-Left Automotive Software Testing
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Agent AI: Surveying the Horizons of Multimodal Interaction
The paper defines Agent AI as interactive multimodal systems that perceive grounded data and generate embodied actions, arguing this approach can mitigate hallucinations in foundation models.
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