Mamba is a linear-time sequence model using input-dependent selective SSMs that achieves SOTA results across modalities and matches twice-larger Transformers on language modeling with 5x higher inference throughput.
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RWKV: Reinventing RNNs for the Transformer Era
27 Pith papers cite this work. Polarity classification is still indexing.
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Pith papers citing it
abstract
Transformers have revolutionized almost all natural language processing (NLP) tasks but suffer from memory and computational complexity that scales quadratically with sequence length. In contrast, recurrent neural networks (RNNs) exhibit linear scaling in memory and computational requirements but struggle to match the same performance as Transformers due to limitations in parallelization and scalability. We propose a novel model architecture, Receptance Weighted Key Value (RWKV), that combines the efficient parallelizable training of transformers with the efficient inference of RNNs. Our approach leverages a linear attention mechanism and allows us to formulate the model as either a Transformer or an RNN, thus parallelizing computations during training and maintains constant computational and memory complexity during inference. We scale our models as large as 14 billion parameters, by far the largest dense RNN ever trained, and find RWKV performs on par with similarly sized Transformers, suggesting future work can leverage this architecture to create more efficient models. This work presents a significant step towards reconciling trade-offs between computational efficiency and model performance in sequence processing tasks.
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PSR-NQS makes recurrent neural quantum states scalable for variational Monte Carlo by using parallel scan recurrence, reaching accurate results on 52x52 two-dimensional lattices.
Adding temporal memory via LIF, precision-weighted gating, and anticipatory prediction to MoE routers recovers effective expert selection at distribution transitions, with ablation confirming a super-additive beta-ant interaction.
Sparse prefix caching via dynamic programming for optimal checkpoint placement under overlap distributions improves the Pareto frontier for recurrent and hybrid LLM serving on shared-prefix data.
Winner-take-all spiking self-attention replaces softmax in spiking transformers to support language modeling on 16 datasets with spike-driven, energy-efficient architectures.
Transformers and SSMs are unified through structured state space duality, producing a 2-8X faster Mamba-2 model that remains competitive with Transformers.
PMNet uses unitary phasor dynamics and hierarchical anchors to make explicit memory stable for long sequences, matching a 3x larger Mamba model on long-context robustness with a 119M parameter network.
Transformer components arise as the natural solution to precision-weighted directional state estimation on the hypersphere.
Structured Recurrent Mixers enable algebraic switching between parallel training and recurrent inference representations, delivering higher efficiency, information capacity, and throughput than other linear-complexity models.
HubRouter is a sub-quadratic routing primitive using learned hubs that replaces attention layers in hybrid models while delivering competitive perplexity and large throughput gains.
Recurrent Transformers add per-layer recurrent memory via self-attention on own activations plus a tiling algorithm that reduces training memory traffic, yielding better C4 pretraining cross-entropy than parameter-matched standard transformers with fewer layers.
Co-locating tests with implementation code yields substantially higher preservation and correctness in foundation-model-generated programs than separated test syntax.
The Linear Accessibility Profile predicts steering vector effectiveness and optimal layers with Spearman correlations of 0.86-0.91 using unembedding projections on intermediate states across multiple models and concepts.
Scal3R achieves better accuracy and consistency in large-scale 3D scene reconstruction by maintaining a compressed global context through test-time adaptation of lightweight neural networks on long video sequences.
Attention Editing converts pre-trained LLMs to new attention architectures through layer-wise teacher-forced optimization and model-level distillation, preserving performance with efficiency gains.
PAM, a complex-valued associative memory model, exhibits steeper power-law scaling in loss and perplexity than a matched real-valued baseline when trained on WikiText-103 from 5M to 100M parameters.
A two-stage distillation recipe converts a Pythia-1B Transformer into a Mamba model that preserves performance with perplexity 14.11 versus the teacher's 13.86.
Kaczmarz Linear Attention replaces the empirical coefficient in Gated DeltaNet with a key-norm-normalized step size derived from the online regression objective, yielding lower perplexity and better needle-in-haystack performance.
MDN parallelizes stepwise momentum for delta linear attention using geometric reordering and dynamical systems analysis, yielding performance gains over Mamba2 and GDN on 400M and 1.3B models.
Absorber LLM introduces causal synchronization to absorb context into parameters for memory-efficient long-context LLM inference while preserving causal effects.
System 1 intuition in edge SLMs delivers 100% adversarial robustness and low latency for DAO consensus while System 2 reasoning causes 26.7% cognitive collapse and 17x slowdown.
ASN uses trainable parameters for adaptive membrane dynamics and firing in SNNs, with NASN adding normalization, and reports effectiveness across 19 vision and language datasets.
Belief-state RWKV maintains an uncertainty-aware recurrent state for RL policies in partial observability and shows modest gains over standard recurrent baselines in a pilot with observation noise.
Unifying LLM memory optimizations into a Prepare-Compute-Retrieve-Apply pipeline and accelerating it on GPU-FPGA hardware yields up to 2.2x faster inference and 4.7x less energy than GPU-only baselines.
citing papers explorer
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Mamba: Linear-Time Sequence Modeling with Selective State Spaces
Mamba is a linear-time sequence model using input-dependent selective SSMs that achieves SOTA results across modalities and matches twice-larger Transformers on language modeling with 5x higher inference throughput.
-
Parallel Scan Recurrent Neural Quantum States for Scalable Variational Monte Carlo
PSR-NQS makes recurrent neural quantum states scalable for variational Monte Carlo by using parallel scan recurrence, reaching accurate results on 52x52 two-dimensional lattices.
-
Affinity Is Not Enough: Recovering the Free Energy Principle in Mixture-of-Experts
Adding temporal memory via LIF, precision-weighted gating, and anticipatory prediction to MoE routers recovers effective expert selection at distribution transitions, with ablation confirming a super-additive beta-ant interaction.
-
Sparse Prefix Caching for Hybrid and Recurrent LLM Serving
Sparse prefix caching via dynamic programming for optimal checkpoint placement under overlap distributions improves the Pareto frontier for recurrent and hybrid LLM serving on shared-prefix data.
-
Winner-Take-All Spiking Transformer for Language Modeling
Winner-take-all spiking self-attention replaces softmax in spiking transformers to support language modeling on 16 datasets with spike-driven, energy-efficient architectures.
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Transformers are SSMs: Generalized Models and Efficient Algorithms Through Structured State Space Duality
Transformers and SSMs are unified through structured state space duality, producing a 2-8X faster Mamba-2 model that remains competitive with Transformers.
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Phasor Memory Networks: Stable Backpropagation Through Time for Scalable Explicit Memory
PMNet uses unitary phasor dynamics and hierarchical anchors to make explicit memory stable for long sequences, matching a 3x larger Mamba model on long-context robustness with a 119M parameter network.
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RT-Transformer: The Transformer Block as a Spherical State Estimator
Transformer components arise as the natural solution to precision-weighted directional state estimation on the hypersphere.
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Structured Recurrent Mixers for Massively Parallelized Sequence Generation
Structured Recurrent Mixers enable algebraic switching between parallel training and recurrent inference representations, delivering higher efficiency, information capacity, and throughput than other linear-complexity models.
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HubRouter: A Pluggable Sub-Quadratic Routing Primitive for Hybrid Sequence Models
HubRouter is a sub-quadratic routing primitive using learned hubs that replaces attention layers in hybrid models while delivering competitive perplexity and large throughput gains.
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The Recurrent Transformer: Greater Effective Depth and Efficient Decoding
Recurrent Transformers add per-layer recurrent memory via self-attention on own activations plus a tiling algorithm that reduces training memory traffic, yielding better C4 pretraining cross-entropy than parameter-matched standard transformers with fewer layers.
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Co-Located Tests, Better AI Code: How Test Syntax Structure Affects Foundation Model Code Generation
Co-locating tests with implementation code yields substantially higher preservation and correctness in foundation-model-generated programs than separated test syntax.
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Predicting Where Steering Vectors Succeed
The Linear Accessibility Profile predicts steering vector effectiveness and optimal layers with Spearman correlations of 0.86-0.91 using unembedding projections on intermediate states across multiple models and concepts.
-
Scal3R: Scalable Test-Time Training for Large-Scale 3D Reconstruction
Scal3R achieves better accuracy and consistency in large-scale 3D scene reconstruction by maintaining a compressed global context through test-time adaptation of lightweight neural networks on long video sequences.
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Attention Editing: A Versatile Framework for Cross-Architecture Attention Conversion
Attention Editing converts pre-trained LLMs to new attention architectures through layer-wise teacher-forced optimization and model-level distillation, preserving performance with efficiency gains.
-
Phase-Associative Memory: Sequence Modeling in Complex Hilbert Space
PAM, a complex-valued associative memory model, exhibits steeper power-law scaling in loss and perplexity than a matched real-valued baseline when trained on WikiText-103 from 5M to 100M parameters.
-
Attention to Mamba: A Recipe for Cross-Architecture Distillation
A two-stage distillation recipe converts a Pythia-1B Transformer into a Mamba model that preserves performance with perplexity 14.11 versus the teacher's 13.86.
-
Kaczmarz Linear Attention
Kaczmarz Linear Attention replaces the empirical coefficient in Gated DeltaNet with a key-norm-normalized step size derived from the online regression objective, yielding lower perplexity and better needle-in-haystack performance.
-
MDN: Parallelizing Stepwise Momentum for Delta Linear Attention
MDN parallelizes stepwise momentum for delta linear attention using geometric reordering and dynamical systems analysis, yielding performance gains over Mamba2 and GDN on 400M and 1.3B models.
-
Absorber LLM: Harnessing Causal Synchronization for Test-Time Training
Absorber LLM introduces causal synchronization to absorb context into parameters for memory-efficient long-context LLM inference while preserving causal effects.
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The Cognitive Penalty: Ablating System 1 and System 2 Reasoning in Edge-Native SLMs for Decentralized Consensus
System 1 intuition in edge SLMs delivers 100% adversarial robustness and low latency for DAO consensus while System 2 reasoning causes 26.7% cognitive collapse and 17x slowdown.
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Adaptive Spiking Neurons for Vision and Language Modeling
ASN uses trainable parameters for adaptive membrane dynamics and firing in SNNs, with NASN adding normalization, and reports effectiveness across 19 vision and language datasets.
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Belief-State RWKV for Reinforcement Learning under Partial Observability
Belief-state RWKV maintains an uncertainty-aware recurrent state for RL policies in partial observability and shows modest gains over standard recurrent baselines in a pilot with observation noise.
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Understand and Accelerate Memory Processing Pipeline for Disaggregated LLM Inference
Unifying LLM memory optimizations into a Prepare-Compute-Retrieve-Apply pipeline and accelerating it on GPU-FPGA hardware yields up to 2.2x faster inference and 4.7x less energy than GPU-only baselines.
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Large Language Models: A Survey
The paper surveys key large language models, their training methods, datasets, evaluation benchmarks, and future research directions in the field.
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A Survey of Large Language Models
This survey reviews the background, key techniques, and evaluation methods for large language models, emphasizing emergent abilities that appear at large scales.
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Evolution of Video Generative Foundations
This survey traces video generation technology from GANs to diffusion models and then to autoregressive and multimodal approaches while analyzing principles, strengths, and future trends.