A new redshift-correlation technique with third-generation GW detectors can constrain the BNS contribution to cosmic r-process nucleosynthesis to 5-6% precision via Fisher forecasts on mock bright- and dark-siren data.
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Two FRBs exhibit microlensing signatures consistent with intermediate-mass black holes of masses approximately 500-600 and 1500-2500 solar masses, interpreted as possible evidence for isolated primordial black holes comprising about 4% of dark matter.
Eccentricity posteriors of dynamically captured binaries can be mapped to capture parameters and compared against environment velocity distributions to constrain host and infer decay time.
Binary population synthesis predicts several thousand intermediate-mass helium stars in the Milky Way, mostly in binaries, with metallicity and common-envelope ejection efficiency as the dominant shaping factors.
LILA can detect IMBH binaries at redshifts 20-30, IMRIs, and provide months-to-years early warnings with high-SNR events for gravity tests.
No evidence for core-collapse formed low-spin IMBHs in GWTC-4, with 90% upper limit on merger rate of 0.077 Gpc^{-3} yr^{-1}, low-spin BH mass truncation at 65 solar masses consistent with pair-instability gap lower edge, and high-spin IMBHs from hierarchical mergers.
Non-detection of kilonova from S250206dm excludes AT 2017gfo-like events and disfavors NS-BH mergers with mass ratio Q >= 3.2, reaching GW-comparable precision on the mass gap candidate.
Natal kicks from supernovae are proposed to disrupt Gaia progenitor binaries containing low-mass black holes more frequently than those leading to gravitational-wave mergers, accounting for the observed difference in the 2.5-5 solar mass gap.
No sub-solar mass binary merger candidates found in LIGO data from May 2023 to January 2024, yielding merger rate upper limits of 110-10000 Gpc^{-3}yr^{-1} and constraints on primordial black hole dark matter fractions.
A neural network is trained to predict probabilities for lower mass gap components and neutron star involvement in gravitational-wave candidates, with reported mean errors of 9% and 6% on O4a events.
Lower BNS merger rates from GWTC-4 data produce tensions of factors 3.6-18 with SGRB rates, 0.9-4.1 with r-process rates, and 2.3-5.1 with Galactic DNS rates.
Latest GW neutron star merger rates are consistent with short GRBs being produced by BNS mergers if jets are wide or rates low, with NSBH mergers subdominant.
Relaxing the onset assumption for stiff high-density matter raises the theoretical maximum neutron star mass to 4 solar masses or higher.
The paper computes the graviton-scalar Compton scattering cross section via EFT at ~30 PeV center-of-mass energy and derives an impact parameter that, after coherence enhancement, scales with the known LIGO GW strain and mirror recoil.
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Revisiting the Rhoades-Ruffini bound
Relaxing the onset assumption for stiff high-density matter raises the theoretical maximum neutron star mass to 4 solar masses or higher.