Pith. sign in

REVIEW 48 cited by

Orb-v3: atomistic simulation at scale

Not yet reviewed by Pith; the record is open.

This paper has not been read by Pith yet. Machine review is queued; the pith claim, tier, and objections will appear here once it completes.

SPECIMEN: schema-true, not a live event

T0 review · schema-true

One-sentence machine reading of the paper's core claim.

pith:XXXXXXXX · record.json · timestamp

arxiv 2504.06231 v2 pith:BGA2EXWQ submitted 2025-04-08 cond-mat.mtrl-sci

Orb-v3: atomistic simulation at scale

classification cond-mat.mtrl-sci
keywords familyfrontierlatencymodelmodelsorb-v3reductionsimulation
verification ladder T0 review T1 audit T2 compute T3 formal T4 reserved
0 comments
read the original abstract

We introduce Orb-v3, the next generation of the Orb family of universal interatomic potentials. Models in this family expand the performance-speed-memory Pareto frontier, offering near SoTA performance across a range of evaluations with a >10x reduction in latency and > 8x reduction in memory. Our experiments systematically traverse this frontier, charting the trade-off induced by roto-equivariance, conservatism and graph sparsity. Contrary to recent literature, we find that non-equivariant, non-conservative architectures can accurately model physical properties, including those which require higher-order derivatives of the potential energy surface. This model release is guided by the principle that the most valuable foundation models for atomic simulation will excel on all fronts: accuracy, latency and system size scalability. The reward for doing so is a new era of computational chemistry driven by high-throughput and mesoscale all-atom simulations.

discussion (0)

Sign in with ORCID, Apple, or X to comment. Anyone can read and Pith papers without signing in.

Forward citations

Cited by 48 Pith papers

Reviewed papers in the Pith corpus that reference this work. Sorted by Pith novelty score.

  1. SLayerGen: a Crystal Generative Model for all Space and Layer Groups

    cond-mat.mtrl-sci 2026-05 unverdicted novelty 8.0

    SLayerGen generates crystals invariant to any space or layer group via autoregressive lattice and Wyckoff sampling plus equivariant diffusion, achieving gains over bulk models on diperiodic materials after correcting ...

  2. AquaGen: Scaling generative models to molecular dynamics precision on thousands of atoms

    physics.chem-ph 2026-07 conditional novelty 7.5

    AquaGen is an all-atom explicit-solvent flow-matching model that yields AHFE estimates ~1 kcal/mol of MD at 4–10× lower GPU cost, with refinable samples and calibrated bootstrap uncertainties.

  3. Curvature-driven revival of charge density waves in non-Euclidean space

    cond-mat.mtrl-sci 2026-06 unverdicted novelty 7.0

    Curvature revives suppressed charge density wave order localized to non-Euclidean regions in a TiSe2-NbSe2 heterostructure despite global Fermi surface disruption.

  4. Speculative Sampling For Faster Molecular Dynamics

    cs.LG 2026-06 unverdicted novelty 7.0

    LSD extends speculative sampling to second-order Langevin dynamics, achieving 3-9x speedup in MD while exactly sampling from the target distribution without relative error.

  5. Uncertainty-aware Machine Learning Interatomic Potentials via Learned Functional Perturbations

    cs.CE 2026-05 unverdicted novelty 7.0

    Learned functional perturbations plus CRPS training convert deterministic ML interatomic potentials into probabilistic ones, improving CRPS by 19-32% on N-body benchmarks and uncertainty-error correlation from 0.75 to...

  6. Lang2MLIP: End-to-End Language-to-Machine Learning Interatomic Potential Development with Autonomous Agentic Workflows

    cs.LG 2026-05 unverdicted novelty 7.0

    Lang2MLIP is an LLM multi-agent framework that automates end-to-end development of machine learning interatomic potentials from natural language input for heterogeneous materials systems.

  7. Force-Aware Neural Tangent Kernels for Scalable and Robust Active Learning of MLIPs

    cs.LG 2026-05 unverdicted novelty 7.0

    Force-aware NTKs and chunked acquisition enable scalable, robust active learning for MLIPs, achieving lowest energy and force errors on OC20 and remaining competitive on other benchmarks.

  8. Pretrained Model Representations as Acquisition Signals for Active Learning of MLIPs

    cs.LG 2026-05 unverdicted novelty 7.0

    Kernels from pretrained MLIP latent spaces outperform standard acquisition methods in active learning for reactive chemistry, reducing required labels by 38% for energy error and 28% for force error.

  9. Pretrained Model Representations as Acquisition Signals for Active Learning of MLIPs

    cs.LG 2026-05 unverdicted novelty 7.0

    Pretrained MLIP latent spaces yield NTK and activation kernels that outperform standard acquisition functions in active learning for reactive MLIP training, reducing required labels by 38% for energy and 28% for force errors.

  10. Pushing the limits of unconstrained machine-learned interatomic potentials

    physics.chem-ph 2026-01 conditional novelty 7.0

    Unconstrained non-equivariant and direct-force neural interatomic potentials scale to 730M parameters and match or beat equivariant state-of-the-art models on several atomistic benchmarks.

  11. Dyna-Mat: End-to-end benchmarking of foundation machine learning interatomic potentials in finite-temperature ensembles

    cond-mat.mtrl-sci 2026-07 conditional novelty 6.5

    Dyna-Mat-v1.0 benchmarks 15 foundation MLIPs on finite-T MD observables, finding average force-error correlation with RDF/VDOS but systematic pressure failures and near-Pareto optimality of latest cross-trained models.

  12. Transformer Atomic Cluster Expansion: TRACE

    cond-mat.mtrl-sci 2026-07 conditional novelty 6.0

    A no-message-passing, attention-based local potential reproduces a perovskite phase transition, liquid-water O–O structure, and an organic rearrangement barrier with a single architecture.

  13. Rem3Di: Learning smooth, chiral 3D molecular descriptors from atomistic foundation models

    physics.chem-ph 2026-07 conditional novelty 6.0

    Rem3Di builds fixed-length, chirality-aware molecular descriptors by aggregating frozen atomistic foundation-model features with attention and a self-supervised denoising pretraining objective, matching or beating gra...

  14. Edge Cluster Expansion with Radial Rotary Attention for Interatomic Potentials

    stat.ML 2026-07 conditional novelty 6.0

    Edge Cluster Expansion plus Radial Rotary Complex Attention yield TECE-OAM-RRA-1.0, a Matbench Discovery SOTA SO(2) MLIP trained on OMat24, sAlex, and MPTrj.

  15. Anisotropic representations for E(3)-equivariant machine learning coarse-grained potentials

    cond-mat.mtrl-sci 2026-07 conditional novelty 6.0

    An E(3)-equivariant ML potential for anisotropic ellipsoidal coarse-grained beads reproduces water’s radial, angular and orientational structure far better than an isotropic baseline while delivering large speedups.

  16. Phase stability and ionic transport in post-spinel CaV$_2$O$_4$ cathode

    cond-mat.mtrl-sci 2026-07 accept novelty 6.0

    Ca extraction from post-spinel CaV2O4 is kinetically limited to at most half theoretical capacity at 298 K by high Ca migration barriers in the ordered γ phase and a persistent γ–δ two-phase region.

  17. Are Machine Learning Interatomic Potentials Truly Practical? A Benchmark of 23 Mainstream Models

    cond-mat.mtrl-sci 2026-07 conditional novelty 6.0

    Large MLIPs deliver marginal accuracy gains over lightweight models while sacrificing orders of magnitude in throughput and scalability, making lightweight models the practical Pareto-optimal choice.

  18. MLIP Studio: An Open Platform for Interactive Benchmarking and Atomistic Simulations Using Machine Learning Interatomic Potentials

    cond-mat.mtrl-sci 2026-07 conditional novelty 6.0

    MLIP Studio unifies 60+ universal machine learning interatomic potentials in a free web platform for interactive atomistic simulations, benchmarking, and MLIP-accelerated DFT workflows.

  19. EquiFiLM: Charge-Conditioned Equivariant Force Fields via Feature-wise Linear Modulation

    cs.LG 2026-07 conditional novelty 6.0

    A scalar-channel FiLM adapter conditions any equivariant ML force field on continuous external variables such as charge, matching purpose-built charge models on water with ~3× lower force error than unconditioned fine-tuning.

  20. Efficient Large-Scale STEM-EELS Simulations With Torched-TACAW

    cond-mat.mtrl-sci 2026-07 unverdicted novelty 6.0

    Torched-TACAW enables efficient large-scale STEM-EELS simulations of vibrational and magnon excitations in defective materials by combining ML-driven molecular dynamics with supercell partitioning and on-the-fly multi...

  21. Enerzyme: A Framework for Efficient Training of Reactive Neural Network Potentials for Enzyme Catalysis with Application to Methyltransferases

    physics.chem-ph 2026-07 unverdicted novelty 6.0

    Enerzyme framework trains electrostatics-aware NNPs on under 1,000 system-specific points to reproduce MTase reaction energetics and transition states for clusters up to 545 atoms.

  22. Approaching the Limit of Intrinsic Crystalline Thermal Insulation

    cond-mat.mtrl-sci 2026-06 unverdicted novelty 6.0

    High-throughput ML interatomic potentials plus phonon calculations discover and experimentally confirm CsTlI4 as having record-low intrinsic room-temperature thermal conductivity of 0.14 W m^{-1} K^{-1}.

  23. Geometry-based Discovery of Calcium Battery Cathodes Accelerated by Foundational Machine-Learned Models

    cond-mat.mtrl-sci 2026-05 unverdicted novelty 6.0

    High-throughput screening combining Voronoi polyhedral volumes and foundational ML models identifies 37 promising Ca cathode candidates from the Materials Project database.

  24. Uncertainty-aware Machine Learning Interatomic Potentials via Learned Functional Perturbations

    cs.CE 2026-05 unverdicted novelty 6.0

    Learned functional perturbations convert deterministic ML interatomic potentials to probabilistic models trained with CRPS, improving uncertainty calibration over Bayesian baselines on N-body and silica benchmarks.

  25. Reweighting free energy profiles between universal machine learning interatomic potentials for fast consensus building

    physics.chem-ph 2026-05 unverdicted novelty 6.0

    A reweighting method with mean energy-gap approximation transfers PMFs between MLIPs to recover target reaction and activation free energies at low cost for a 601-atom Li+ transport system across DFT levels.

  26. Force-Aware Neural Tangent Kernels for Scalable and Robust Active Learning of MLIPs

    cs.LG 2026-05 unverdicted novelty 6.0

    Force-aware Neural Tangent Kernels combined with chunked acquisition provide scalable and distribution-robust active learning for MLIPs, outperforming baselines on OC20 and remaining competitive on other benchmarks.

  27. Fast and Accurate Prediction of Lattice Thermal Conductivity via Machine Learning Surrogates

    cond-mat.mtrl-sci 2026-05 conditional novelty 6.0

    Machine learning models, especially certain deep neural networks, can predict lattice thermal conductivity with useful accuracy across different generalization tests while being orders of magnitude faster than first-p...

  28. CrystalREPA: Transferring Physical Priors from Universal MLIPs to Crystal Generative Models

    cond-mat.mtrl-sci 2026-05 unverdicted novelty 6.0

    CrystalREPA closes the representation gap between crystal generators and universal MLIPs via contrastive alignment, yielding more stable and valid generated crystals while revealing that MLIP teacher quality is better...

  29. Compact SO(3) Equivariant Atomistic Foundation Models via Structural Pruning

    cs.LG 2026-05 unverdicted novelty 6.0

    Structural pruning of SO(3) equivariant atomistic models from large checkpoints yields 1.5-4x fewer parameters and 2.5-4x less pre-training compute than small models trained from scratch, while outperforming them on m...

  30. Performance of universal machine learning potentials in global optimization of inorganic crystal structures

    cond-mat.mtrl-sci 2026-02 conditional novelty 6.0

    Nine universal machine-learning potentials were run in unconstrained evolutionary searches for the ground states of twelve inorganic compounds; performance ranges from near-DFT accuracy (eSEN) to essentially non-predi...

  31. Faster Molecular Dynamics with Neural Network Potentials via Distilled Multiple Time-Stepping and Non-Conservative Forces

    physics.chem-ph 2026-02 conditional novelty 6.0

    Distilled non-conservative force models in a multi-time-step integrator accelerate neural-network-potential molecular dynamics by up to 5.6x on tested systems without degrading sampling accuracy.

  32. E2Former-V2: On-the-Fly Equivariant Attention with Linear Activation Memory

    cs.LG 2026-01 conditional novelty 6.0

    E2Former-V2 combines SO(2) sparsification and a fused streaming Triton kernel to cut equivariant attention memory to linear in system size, claiming ~20x faster kernels and 100k-atom inference.

  33. Score-based diffusion models for accurate crystal-structure inpainting and reconstruction of hydrogen positions

    cond-mat.mtrl-sci 2026-01 conditional novelty 6.0

    Adapting TD-Paint to crystal diffusion models reconstructs hydrogen positions with a LES success rate above 97%, beating unconditioned diffusion and DFT-based inpainting.

  34. Revealing interstitial energetics in Ti-23Nb-0.7Ta-2Zr gum metal base alloy via universal machine learning interatomic potentials

    cond-mat.mtrl-sci 2025-12 conditional novelty 6.0

    A 6,750-site screening with three universal machine-learning potentials maps C/N/O/H interstitial energetics in Ti-23Nb-0.7Ta-2Zr, finding Ti stabilizes and Nb destabilizes interstitials, with SevenNet-0 failing on H ...

  35. Efficient Large-Scale STEM-EELS Simulations With Torched-TACAW

    cond-mat.mtrl-sci 2026-07 accept novelty 5.5

    Torched-TACAW plus ORB MD and z-partitioned supercells enables near-ab-initio-quality atomic-resolution vibrational STEM-EELS for thick TiO2 models with tractable memory and data flow.

  36. Fast and Accurate Foundation Models for Equivariant Machine-Learned Interatomic Potentials

    physics.comp-ph 2026-07 accept novelty 5.0

    Fast NequIP/Allegro foundation MLIPs reach leading MD inference speeds and strong benchmark accuracy; materials-discovery gains need better chemical diversity and consistent transition-metal energy surfaces.

  37. Quantum machine learning interatomic potential: Application of variational quantum algorithm

    quant-ph 2026-07 conditional novelty 5.0

    Replacing the final layer of a pretrained ANI interatomic potential with a small quantum circuit training only the circuit parameters gives slightly lower energy RMSE than a classical layer, only where the pretrained ...

  38. Full-data accuracy with fewer labels for training and fine-tuning machine-learning force fields

    physics.chem-ph 2026-07 conditional novelty 5.0

    Last-layer-projection-regression uncertainty lets active learning reach full-data accuracy with far fewer labels for both train-from-scratch and fine-tuned ML force fields, and can detect stable-but-wrong molecular dynamics.

  39. Universal Interatomic Potentials as Configuration-Space Generators for One-Shot and Iterative Fine-Tuning of Ab Initio-Accurate Material-Specific Models

    cond-mat.mtrl-sci 2026-06 unverdicted novelty 5.0

    Universal MLIPs serve as configuration generators whose DFT-relabeled subsamples enable one-shot or iterative training of material-specific MLIPs that recover accurate reactive energy profiles with 600-2000 DFT calculations.

  40. Melt-Quench Failures and Practical Solutions for Universal Machine-Learning Interatomic Potentials in Amorphous Structure Generation

    cond-mat.mtrl-sci 2026-06 conditional novelty 5.0

    Universal machine-learning interatomic potentials fail standard melt-quench amorphous-structure generation, expanding IrO2 to gas-like densities; a fixed-volume quench plus low-temperature NPT equilibration restores A...

  41. PRISMat: Policy-Driven, Permutation-Invariant Autoregressive Material Generation

    cs.AI 2026-05 unverdicted novelty 5.0

    PRISMat generates crystal slabs with mean absolute errors of 0.188 eV/A² for cleavage energy and 2.79 eV for work function, reducing error by 4× versus the next best model while using less inference time.

  42. A Lightweight Universal Machine-Learning Interatomic Potential via Knowledge Distillation for Scalable Atomistic Simulations

    cond-mat.mtrl-sci 2026-04 unverdicted novelty 5.0

    SevenNet-Nano is a lightweight universal ML interatomic potential distilled from a larger multi-task foundation model, delivering high accuracy, transferability, and over 10x computational speedup for scalable atomist...

  43. Accuracy and Efficiency Benchmarks of Pretrained Machine Learning Potentials for Molecular Simulations

    physics.chem-ph 2026-01 unverdicted novelty 5.0

    Benchmarks of 15 MLIPs show parameter count and training set size correlate with accuracy, architecture drives speed and memory, and explicit Coulomb terms provide no benefit.

  44. Comparing the latent features of universal machine-learning interatomic potentials

    physics.chem-ph 2025-12 unverdicted novelty 5.0

    Different uMLIPs encode chemical space in distinct ways, with high cross-model feature reconstruction errors, and fine-tuning preserves strong pre-training bias in the latent features.

  45. Predicting Novel Stable Materials for Experimental Synthesis

    cond-mat.mtrl-sci 2026-07 conditional novelty 4.0

    A hierarchical screening protocol using PBE phase diagrams, ML interatomic potentials, and SCAN refinement reduces 894 computationally stable materials to 25 high-confidence experimental synthesis targets.

  46. Additive binding energies in asphalt on a quantum processor via quantum-selected configuration interaction (QSCI)

    quant-ph 2026-05 unverdicted novelty 4.0

    Hybrid quantum workflow on IQM Emerald processor computes -3.52 kcal/mol binding energy for pyridine-phenol complex via QSCI in (10e,10o) space, matching CASCI but underbinding relative to CCSD(T) benchmark of -8.5 to...

  47. Six Open Questions in Machine-Learned Interatomic Potential Foundation Models

    cond-mat.mtrl-sci 2026-06 unverdicted novelty 2.0

    This perspective article develops a definition of foundational MLIPs and poses six open questions that the authors believe will define future research in machine-learned interatomic potentials.

  48. From Knowledge to Action: Outcomes of the 2025 Large Language Model (LLM) Hackathon for Applications in Materials Science and Chemistry

    cond-mat.mtrl-sci 2026-05 unverdicted novelty 2.0

    Hackathon submissions indicate LLMs are moving from general assistants toward composable multi-agent systems for structuring scientific knowledge and automating tasks in materials science and chemistry.