JWST nebular spectra detect cooling ~400 K carbonaceous dust emission in normal SN Ia 2023qov at +276 and +363 days, modeled as pre-existing circumstellar dust with mass ~10^{-4} M_sun located within ~1 light year.
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JWST observations find constant ~1% PAH abundance in the M82 superwind to 5 kpc, consistent with shielding in surface layers of cool clouds and possible replenishment.
Simulations indicate the Balmer decrement can serve as a diagnostic to identify inflowing gas in front of face-on galaxies, showing a mean front-back offset of approximately -0.14 despite scatter from clumpy dust.
A revised zodiacal light model (ZodiSURF) adds wavelength-dependent analytical scattering phase function and albedo fitted to over 5,000 HST optical measurements, yielding ~4.5% uncertainty and revealing a 0.013 +/- 0.006 MJy/sr residual excess possibly from a dim spherical dust cloud.
The Sparks survey divides local galaxies into first-burst, second-burst, and post-burst groups, finding AGN predominantly in second-burst systems and implying a short delay before black hole accretion.
Coevolving super-Eddington black holes and nuclear starbursts in high-redshift halos naturally generate the V-shaped UV-to-optical spectra and weak high-energy emission of little red dots.
Dust attenuation follows a universal mass-dependent relation from z=0 to 7 with a transition at 10^9 solar masses where nebular attenuation steepens relative to stellar.
Monte Carlo population synthesis of young massive star clusters matches the combined H.E.S.S. Galactic Plane Survey and LHAASO first catalog for five parameter combinations, strongly disfavoring Bohm diffusion.
New infrared spectra show reduced water ice and unusually strong aliphatic hydrocarbon absorption towards W44, attributed to shock and cosmic-ray processing in the associated molecular cloud.
A 6-arcsecond resolution extinction map of M33 derived from RGB star color fitting shows dust up to 2.5 mag aligned with hydrogen, HI, and CO distributions.
Simulations of an NGC 300-like galaxy find exponential distributions of feedback-driven bubble lifetimes and sizes that increase with galactocentric radius, plus matching Hα predictions.
Simulations predict ngVLA at 100 GHz can detect galaxies above 10^9 solar masses at any redshift while SKA low frequencies reach massive dusty galaxies to z=5-7.
Star formation model choice in galaxy simulations controls giant molecular cloud lifetimes, yielding 20-30 Myr with sink particles versus over 200 Myr with the gravo-thermo-turbulent prescription.
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SKYSURF-11: A New Zodiacal Light Model Optimized for Optical Wavelengths
A revised zodiacal light model (ZodiSURF) adds wavelength-dependent analytical scattering phase function and albedo fitted to over 5,000 HST optical measurements, yielding ~4.5% uncertainty and revealing a 0.013 +/- 0.006 MJy/sr residual excess possibly from a dim spherical dust cloud.