Galaxy pairwise peculiar velocities from Cosmicflows-4 yield M_ν = 0.24^{+0.34}_{-0.18} eV and η² = 2.14^{+0.30}_{-0.32} (7σ non-zero asymmetry) in the CMB framework, consistent with prior Planck results.
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GetDist: a Python package for analysing Monte Carlo samples
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DESI DR2 and ACT DR6 data yield 17σ LRG-velocity, 8.3σ ELG-velocity, and 6.8σ QSO-velocity detections plus a 3.1σ velocity-velocity signal, producing f_NL^loc = 15.9_{-34.4}^{+34.6} from the velocity field.
DESI DR2 BAO data exhibits 2.3 sigma tension with CMB in Lambda-CDM but prefers evolving dark energy (w0 > -1, wa < 0) at 3.1 sigma with CMB and 2.8-4.2 sigma when including supernovae.
First-year DESI BAO data are consistent with flat LambdaCDM and, when combined with CMB, show a 2.5-3.9 sigma preference for evolving dark energy (w0 > -1, wa < 0) that strengthens with certain supernova datasets.
Planck CMB data set upper limits on vector and axial-vector dark matter-electron couplings for masses 100 eV to 100 keV via energy injection from inelastic scattering and hydrogen absorption.
Nonlinear dark-sector interaction models with a half-saturation sparseness scale are observationally preferred over their linear counterparts at >95% confidence for two of three cases.
Two-field axion-like early dark energy reduces Hubble tension to 1.5 sigma residual and improves high-ell CMB fits over single-field models.
A new quintessence model with non-minimal coupling produces an effective sign-switching interaction that fits current data better than LambdaCDM or w0waCDM and accounts for late-time dark energy weakening without phantom crossing.
SPT-3G delivers the most precise CMB EE and TE spectra at high multipoles to date, giving LCDM parameters with H0 = 66.66 ± 0.60 km/s/Mpc from ground-based data alone and reaching Planck-level constraints when combined with ACT.
Future 21-cm observations may constrain TeV-scale decaying dark matter subcomponents more tightly than CMB data for lifetimes above 10^15 s, with strongest sensitivity for neutrino decay channels due to differences in injected electromagnetic energy spectra.
Hybrid f(Q) cosmology with a 1/Q term is forced into background degeneracy with LambdaCDM but breaks it in the growth sector, yielding moderate preference over LambdaCDM when RSD data are included while leaving the background unchanged.
Early dark energy resolves CMB-BAO tension and, combined with thawing quintessence, reduces overall cosmological tensions without phantom crossing.
Planck PR4 CMB data mildly favors dynamical dark energy, but this preference weakens when accounting for possible excess smoothing, indicating the signal may partly arise from data processing issues.
Analysis of galaxy cluster and supernova data reveals a ~2σ directional variation in the Hubble constant, robust across calibration methods and aligned with the CMB dipole.
Cosmographic Taylor and Padé models fitted to Pantheon+SH0ES+GRB+DESI BAO data yield redshift drift predictions compatible with ΛCDM and ω0ω1CDM at 1-2σ, with mock drift data tightening q0 and j0 bounds.
MCMC constraints on two Lambda(t) models with DESI DR2, CC, and Pantheon+ data yield H0 ~72.5-73 km/s/Mpc, Omega_m0 near standard values in joint fits, and n~0.3 indicating mild deviation from LambdaCDM.