First spectroscopic variability in a z~7 LRD shows rapid changes in both narrow and broad line regions, implying direct ionization from the central source to surrounding nebular gas.
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J., Kokorev, V., Kocevski, D
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Tilted supercritical accretion disks around black holes can accrete mass at rates up to ten times the Eddington limit due to standing shocks, unlike untilted disks that respect the limit.
LRD host galaxies show average metallicity 0.08 Z_sun with narrow stable range, challenging pristine-gas formation models while ruling out typical local AGN.
High-resolution spectra show Balmer absorption in 4/10 LRDs with blue-shifted velocities and exponential wings, supporting a model of co-located partial-covering gas with inflow/outflow gradients.
RUBIES JWST sample shows U increases with redshift and sSFR, decreases with mass, rising by a factor of ~4 from z=2 to z=6 at fixed mass and sSFR, with 0.3 dex systematic uncertainty from photoionization model range.
Spectroscopic study of 11 LRDs at z~4 finds AGN origin for optical emission via broad Hα correlations and introduces a clumpy envelope model with growth timescales of 10^5-10^7 years.
Analysis of ~100 JWST LRDs finds redder, compact UV emission with Fe II/Mg II ~8-10 and correlations suggesting central red continuum (β_UV~0) beyond host galaxy contribution.
Supermassive dark stars powered by dark matter annihilation can collapse into quasi-stars whose envelopes expand and cool to match the observed properties of many JWST Little Red Dots while bypassing the restrictive conditions of nuclear-powered supermassive star formation.
A theoretical model of a magnetized black hole envelope is developed to explain the broad emission lines and X-ray faintness observed in little red dots using co-rotating plasma clumps and limited X-ray sources.
Abundant early heavy seeds plus frequent mergers produce the massive black holes seen by JWST at z>9 and yield about four LISA events per year at z>=8.
PITA, a new semi-supervised deep learning algorithm, outperforms prior photo-z methods by using a triple-task loss on images, colors, and available redshifts to produce a smooth latent space.
JWST data on LRDs and LBDs show AGN-like excitation, strong Lyα with broad components, and X-ray weakness, implying clumpy or equatorial geometries around growing black holes rather than complete gas envelopes.
Bayesian continuum fitting of 66 LRDs shows the BH* model fits ~6% best, rising to ~40% under AGN-disfavoring priors, with most objects stellar/AGN-dominated and possible evolutionary trends.
JWST IFU spectroscopy of six z~6 galaxies finds broad Balmer lines in two objects, a strong correlation of broad-line presence with Lyα luminosity yielding AGN fractions >77% above and <15% below 10^44 erg/s, plus extended star-forming gas in non-AGN hosts.
LRDs require Compton-thick gas at moderate metallicity plus high accretion rates producing weak X-rays to explain their non-detection, implying they are not chemically pristine.
High-resolution cosmological zoom-in simulations find that major mergers do not trigger sustained super-Eddington black hole accretion in low-mass halos when feedback is included; episodes occur only immediately after seeding or with feedback disabled.
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JWST's Little Red Dots as collapsed Supermassive Dark Stars
Supermassive dark stars powered by dark matter annihilation can collapse into quasi-stars whose envelopes expand and cool to match the observed properties of many JWST Little Red Dots while bypassing the restrictive conditions of nuclear-powered supermassive star formation.