CiteVQA requires models to cite specific document regions with bounding boxes alongside answers and finds that even the strongest MLLMs frequently cite the wrong region, with top SAA scores of only 76.0 for closed models and 22.5 for open-source ones.
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LAION-400M: Open Dataset of CLIP-Filtered 400 Million Image-Text Pairs
Baseline reference. 64% of citing Pith papers use this work as a benchmark or comparison.
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Pith papers citing it
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abstract
Multi-modal language-vision models trained on hundreds of millions of image-text pairs (e.g. CLIP, DALL-E) gained a recent surge, showing remarkable capability to perform zero- or few-shot learning and transfer even in absence of per-sample labels on target image data. Despite this trend, to date there has been no publicly available datasets of sufficient scale for training such models from scratch. To address this issue, in a community effort we build and release for public LAION-400M, a dataset with CLIP-filtered 400 million image-text pairs, their CLIP embeddings and kNN indices that allow efficient similarity search.
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- abstract Multi-modal language-vision models trained on hundreds of millions of image-text pairs (e.g. CLIP, DALL-E) gained a recent surge, showing remarkable capability to perform zero- or few-shot learning and transfer even in absence of per-sample labels on target image data. Despite this trend, to date there has been no publicly available datasets of sufficient scale for training such models from scratch. To address this issue, in a community effort we build and release for public LAION-400M, a dataset with CLIP-filtered 400 million image-text pairs, their CLIP embeddings and kNN indices that allow
co-cited works
representative citing papers
Textual Inversion learns a single embedding vector from a few images to represent personal concepts inside the text embedding space of a frozen text-to-image model, enabling their composition in natural language prompts.
PluRule is a new multimodal multilingual benchmark showing that state-of-the-art vision-language models perform only marginally better than a trivial baseline at detecting specific rule violations in pluralistic online communities.
Timestep embeddings in diffusion models function as a separable side channel that can carry dedicated information for adversarial injection or detection.
VeraRetouch is a 0.5B VLM-based framework with a differentiable Retouch Renderer and a new million-scale AetherRetouch-1M+ dataset that claims state-of-the-art results in reasoning photo retouching while enabling mobile deployment.
EmbodiedMidtrain mid-trains VLMs on curated VLA-aligned data subsets to improve downstream performance on robot manipulation benchmarks.
DifFoundMAD improves differential morphing attack detection by replacing traditional embeddings with those from vision foundation models and applying class-balanced lightweight fine-tuning, cutting high-security error rates from 6.16% to 2.17%.
InstAP introduces instance-aware pre-training with a new dual-granularity dataset InstVL that improves both fine-grained instance retrieval and global video understanding over standard VLP baselines.
PromptEvolver recovers high-fidelity natural language prompts for given images by evolving them via genetic algorithm guided by a vision-language model, outperforming prior methods on benchmarks.
Benchmark study shows DCO methods for vector similarity search are not reliable silver bullets due to high sensitivity to data properties and hardware, making them unsuitable for production deployment.
LocalDPO aligns text-to-video diffusion models with human preferences at the spatio-temporal region level by automatically generating localized preference pairs from corrupted real videos and applying a region-aware DPO loss.
Introduces the first active learning framework for unaligned multimodal data that selects alignments using uncertainty and diversity to cut annotation costs by up to 40% on benchmarks while preserving accuracy.
LLaVA-NeXT-Interleave unifies multi-image, video, and 3D capabilities in large multimodal models via a new 1.18M-sample interleaved dataset and benchmark, achieving leading results across those tasks while preserving single-image performance.
ELLA introduces a timestep-aware semantic connector to link LLMs with diffusion models for improved dense prompt following, validated on a new 1K-prompt benchmark.
UniSim learns a universal real-world simulator from orchestrated diverse datasets, enabling zero-shot deployment of policies trained purely in simulation.
LLaMA-Adapter turns frozen LLaMA 7B into a capable instruction follower using only 1.2M new parameters and zero-init attention, matching Alpaca while extending to image-conditioned reasoning on ScienceQA and COCO.
Kosmos-1 shows strong zero-shot and few-shot results on language tasks, image captioning, visual QA, OCR-free document understanding, and image recognition guided by text instructions.
BLIP-2 bootstraps vision-language pre-training from frozen image encoders and LLMs via a lightweight two-stage Querying Transformer, delivering SOTA results with 54x fewer trainable parameters than Flamingo80B on zero-shot VQAv2.
LAION-5B is an openly released dataset of 5.85 billion CLIP-filtered image-text pairs that enables replication of foundational vision-language models.
Phenaki generates arbitrary-length videos from sequences of text prompts by tokenizing videos with causal temporal attention and generating tokens with a text-conditioned masked transformer, trained jointly on images and videos.
Imagen achieves state-of-the-art photorealistic text-to-image generation by scaling a text-only pretrained T5 language model within a diffusion framework, reaching FID 7.27 on COCO without training on it.
Flamingo models reach new state-of-the-art few-shot results on image and video tasks by bridging frozen vision and language models with cross-attention layers trained on interleaved web-scale data.
Large-scale HPC evaluation of Qdrant, Milvus, and Weaviate reveals that workload patterns limit scaling and extra cores can reduce throughput, exposing a cloud-to-HPC design mismatch.
Color transformations expose statistical discrepancies in synthetic images, supporting a classifier with 93.27% average accuracy and robustness to post-processing.
citing papers explorer
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An Image is Worth One Word: Personalizing Text-to-Image Generation using Textual Inversion
Textual Inversion learns a single embedding vector from a few images to represent personal concepts inside the text embedding space of a frozen text-to-image model, enabling their composition in natural language prompts.
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VeraRetouch: A Lightweight Fully Differentiable Framework for Multi-Task Reasoning Photo Retouching
VeraRetouch is a 0.5B VLM-based framework with a differentiable Retouch Renderer and a new million-scale AetherRetouch-1M+ dataset that claims state-of-the-art results in reasoning photo retouching while enabling mobile deployment.
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EmbodiedMidtrain: Bridging the Gap between Vision-Language Models and Vision-Language-Action Models via Mid-training
EmbodiedMidtrain mid-trains VLMs on curated VLA-aligned data subsets to improve downstream performance on robot manipulation benchmarks.
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DifFoundMAD: Foundation Models meet Differential Morphing Attack Detection
DifFoundMAD improves differential morphing attack detection by replacing traditional embeddings with those from vision foundation models and applying class-balanced lightweight fine-tuning, cutting high-security error rates from 6.16% to 2.17%.
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InstAP: Instance-Aware Vision-Language Pre-Train for Spatial-Temporal Understanding
InstAP introduces instance-aware pre-training with a new dual-granularity dataset InstVL that improves both fine-grained instance retrieval and global video understanding over standard VLP baselines.
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Mind the Generative Details: Direct Localized Detail Preference Optimization for Video Diffusion Models
LocalDPO aligns text-to-video diffusion models with human preferences at the spatio-temporal region level by automatically generating localized preference pairs from corrupted real videos and applying a region-aware DPO loss.
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LLaVA-NeXT-Interleave: Tackling Multi-image, Video, and 3D in Large Multimodal Models
LLaVA-NeXT-Interleave unifies multi-image, video, and 3D capabilities in large multimodal models via a new 1.18M-sample interleaved dataset and benchmark, achieving leading results across those tasks while preserving single-image performance.
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ELLA: Equip Diffusion Models with LLM for Enhanced Semantic Alignment
ELLA introduces a timestep-aware semantic connector to link LLMs with diffusion models for improved dense prompt following, validated on a new 1K-prompt benchmark.
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LLaMA-Adapter: Efficient Fine-tuning of Language Models with Zero-init Attention
LLaMA-Adapter turns frozen LLaMA 7B into a capable instruction follower using only 1.2M new parameters and zero-init attention, matching Alpaca while extending to image-conditioned reasoning on ScienceQA and COCO.
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BLIP-2: Bootstrapping Language-Image Pre-training with Frozen Image Encoders and Large Language Models
BLIP-2 bootstraps vision-language pre-training from frozen image encoders and LLMs via a lightweight two-stage Querying Transformer, delivering SOTA results with 54x fewer trainable parameters than Flamingo80B on zero-shot VQAv2.
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LAION-5B: An open large-scale dataset for training next generation image-text models
LAION-5B is an openly released dataset of 5.85 billion CLIP-filtered image-text pairs that enables replication of foundational vision-language models.
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Phenaki: Variable Length Video Generation From Open Domain Textual Description
Phenaki generates arbitrary-length videos from sequences of text prompts by tokenizing videos with causal temporal attention and generating tokens with a text-conditioned masked transformer, trained jointly on images and videos.
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Photorealistic Text-to-Image Diffusion Models with Deep Language Understanding
Imagen achieves state-of-the-art photorealistic text-to-image generation by scaling a text-only pretrained T5 language model within a diffusion framework, reaching FID 7.27 on COCO without training on it.
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Flamingo: a Visual Language Model for Few-Shot Learning
Flamingo models reach new state-of-the-art few-shot results on image and video tasks by bridging frozen vision and language models with cross-attention layers trained on interleaved web-scale data.
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Chroma Clues: Leveraging Color Statistics to Detect Synthetic Images
Color transformations expose statistical discrepancies in synthetic images, supporting a classifier with 93.27% average accuracy and robustness to post-processing.
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Broken Memories: Detecting and Mitigating Memorization in Diffusion Models with Degraded Generations
Authors link memorization to internal instability in diffusion models via latent norms, propose step-wise detection and mitigation achieving AUC >0.999 and 0% memorization rate on Stable Diffusion 1.4.
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CPC-VAR:Continual Personalized and Compositional Generation in Visual Autoregressive Models
CPC-VAR adds Gradient-based Concept Neuron Selection for continual single-concept learning and a context-aware multi-branch composition strategy to reduce forgetting and entanglement in VAR-based personalized image generation.
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What Matters for Diffusion-Friendly Latent Manifold? Prior-Aligned Autoencoders for Latent Diffusion
Prior-Aligned AutoEncoders shape latent manifolds with spatial coherence, local continuity, and global semantics to improve latent diffusion, achieving SOTA gFID 1.03 on ImageNet 256x256 with up to 13x faster convergence.
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Probing CLIP's Comprehension of 360-Degree Textual and Visual Semantics
CLIP models understand 360-degree textual semantics via explicit identifiers but show limited comprehension of visual semantics under horizontal circular shifts, which a LoRA fine-tuning approach improves with a noted trade-off in original task performance.
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Volume Transformer: Revisiting Vanilla Transformers for 3D Scene Understanding
A minimally modified vanilla Transformer called Volt achieves state-of-the-art 3D semantic and instance segmentation by using volumetric tokens, 3D rotary embeddings, and a data-efficient training recipe that scales better than domain-specific backbones.
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CLIP-RD: Relative Distillation for Efficient CLIP Knowledge Distillation
CLIP-RD adds VRD for cross-modality distillation consistency and XRD for bidirectional cross-modal symmetry to align student embedding geometry more closely with the teacher, yielding a 0.8 percentage point gain over prior distillation methods.
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Vision Transformers Need More Than Registers
ViTs exhibit lazy aggregation by relying on irrelevant background patches for global semantics, and selectively integrating patch features into the CLS token reduces this effect and improves results across label-, text-, and self-supervision.
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SkyReels-Text: Fine-Grained Font-Controllable Text Editing for Poster Design
SkyReels-Text enables simultaneous fine-grained editing of multiple text regions in posters using arbitrary glyph patches for font control without labels or test-time fine-tuning.
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The Persistence of Cultural Memory: Investigating Multimodal Iconicity in Diffusion Models
Diffusion models show distinct patterns of recognizing versus replicating culturally iconic references, with recognition linked to data frequency, textual uniqueness, popularity, and creation date rather than simple copying.
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DeepSeek-OCR: Contexts Optical Compression
DeepSeek-OCR compresses text contexts up to 20x via 2D optical mapping while achieving 97% OCR accuracy below 10x and 60% at 20x, outperforming prior OCR tools with fewer vision tokens.
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BLINK: Multimodal Large Language Models Can See but Not Perceive
BLINK benchmark shows multimodal LLMs reach only 45-51 percent accuracy on core visual perception tasks where humans achieve 95 percent, indicating these abilities have not emerged.
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ShareGPT4V: Improving Large Multi-Modal Models with Better Captions
A new 1.2M-caption dataset generated via GPT-4V improves LMMs on MME and MMBench by 222.8/22.0/22.3 and 2.7/1.3/1.5 points respectively when used for supervised fine-tuning.
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Demystifying CLIP Data
MetaCLIP curates balanced 400M-pair subsets from CommonCrawl that outperform CLIP data, reaching 70.8% zero-shot ImageNet accuracy on ViT-B versus CLIP's 68.3%.
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Otter: A Multi-Modal Model with In-Context Instruction Tuning
Otter is a multi-modal model instruction-tuned on the MIMIC-IT dataset of over 3 million in-context instruction-response pairs to improve convergence and generalization on tasks with multiple images and videos.
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EVA-CLIP: Improved Training Techniques for CLIP at Scale
EVA-CLIP delivers improved CLIP training recipes that yield 82.0% zero-shot ImageNet-1K accuracy for a 5B-parameter model after only 9 billion samples.
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Scaling Autoregressive Models for Content-Rich Text-to-Image Generation
Scaling an autoregressive Transformer to 20B parameters for text-to-image generation using image token sequences achieves new SOTA zero-shot FID of 7.23 and fine-tuned FID of 3.22 on MS-COCO.
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Native3D: End-to-End 3D Scene Generation via Unified Mesh-Texture Modeling and Semantic Alignment
Native3D introduces a direct 3D scene generation method using unified mesh-texture representation and 3D REPA Loss for semantic alignment, claimed to outperform prior 2D-dependent approaches.
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Inside the Visual Mind: Neuroscience-Motivated Concept Circuits for Interpreting and Steering Vision Transformers
ViSAE supplies a 64K-image probing suite with 16K concepts, top-down/bottom-up circuit algorithms, and editing methods that raise WaterBirds worst-group accuracy by 48.2% over baselines.
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FineGen: A VLM-based Multi-Agent Framework for Fine-Grained Image-Text Dataset Construction
FineGen uses a VLM multi-agent pipeline to build FineGen-100K, a 147k-sample hierarchical dataset of attribute-specific hard negatives, reporting 96.7% validity and +14.4% downstream accuracy gain on hard samples in FG-OVD.
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MONET: A Massive, Open, Non-redundant and Enriched Text-to-image dataset
MONET is an open 104.9M image-text pair dataset created via safety filtering, deduplication, and multi-VLM recaptioning from 2.9B raw pairs, validated by training a competitive 4B-parameter latent diffusion model.
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PixVerve: Advancing Native UHR Image Generation to 100MP with a Large-Scale High-Quality Dataset
PixVerve introduces a 95K ultra-high-resolution image-text dataset and training strategies that enable native 100-megapixel text-to-image generation together with a new evaluation benchmark.
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DiffMagicFace: Identity Consistent Facial Editing of Real Videos
DiffMagicFace uses concurrent fine-tuned text and image diffusion models plus a rendered multi-view dataset to achieve identity-consistent text-conditioned editing of real facial videos.
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Dynamic Eraser for Guided Concept Erasure in Diffusion Models
DSS is a lightweight inference-time framework that erases concepts in diffusion models at 91% average rate while preserving image fidelity, outperforming prior methods.
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Long Story Short: Disentangling Compositionality and Long-Caption Understanding in Contrastive VLMs
Empirical study shows bidirectional but sensitive relationship between compositionality and long-caption understanding in VLMs, promoted by high-quality grounded data and affected by architectural choices like frozen positional embeddings.
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Preserve and Personalize: Personalized Text-to-Image Diffusion Models without Distributional Drift
Proposes Lipschitz regularization during fine-tuning to prevent distributional drift in personalized diffusion models, improving subject fidelity and prompt adherence.
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Wan: Open and Advanced Large-Scale Video Generative Models
Wan releases open 1.3B and 14B video diffusion models claiming superior performance over open-source and commercial baselines across multiple tasks with consumer-grade efficiency.
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CogVLM2: Visual Language Models for Image and Video Understanding
CogVLM2 family achieves state-of-the-art results on image and video understanding benchmarks through improved visual expert architecture, higher resolution inputs, and automated temporal grounding for videos.
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InternLM-XComposer-2.5: A Versatile Large Vision Language Model Supporting Long-Contextual Input and Output
InternLM-XComposer-2.5 is a 7B vision-language model supporting up to 96K context that reaches GPT-4V-level performance on image, video, and multi-turn tasks and adds LoRA-driven text-image composition capabilities.
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InternLM-XComposer2: Mastering Free-form Text-Image Composition and Comprehension in Vision-Language Large Model
InternLM-XComposer2 introduces Partial LoRA on InternLM2-7B to enable high-quality free-form text-image composition while matching or exceeding GPT-4V on select vision-language benchmarks.
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MobileVLM : A Fast, Strong and Open Vision Language Assistant for Mobile Devices
MobileVLM achieves on-par performance with much larger vision-language models on standard benchmarks while delivering state-of-the-art inference speeds of 21.5 tokens per second on Snapdragon 888 CPU and 65.3 on Jetson Orin GPU.
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SPHINX: The Joint Mixing of Weights, Tasks, and Visual Embeddings for Multi-modal Large Language Models
SPHINX improves multi-modal LLMs through joint mixing of weights, tasks, and visual embeddings from varied sources to achieve stronger alignment and multi-purpose capabilities.
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I2VGen-XL: High-Quality Image-to-Video Synthesis via Cascaded Diffusion Models
I2VGen-XL applies cascaded diffusion models with a base stage for semantic preservation via hierarchical encoders and a refinement stage for detail and resolution, trained on 35 million text-video and 6 billion text-image pairs.
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MiniGPT-v2: large language model as a unified interface for vision-language multi-task learning
MiniGPT-v2 adds unique task identifiers to a large language model so one system can perform image description, visual question answering, and visual grounding after three-stage training.
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LLaMA-Adapter V2: Parameter-Efficient Visual Instruction Model
LLaMA-Adapter V2 achieves open-ended visual instruction following in LLMs by unlocking more parameters, early fusion of visual tokens, and joint training on disjoint parameter groups with only 14M added parameters.
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InternVideo: General Video Foundation Models via Generative and Discriminative Learning
InternVideo combines masked video modeling and video-language contrastive learning into a single foundation model that reaches state-of-the-art results on 39 video datasets including 91.1% top-1 on Kinetics-400.