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Paper Citation Record · LEDGER

Windows Agent Arena: Evaluating Multi-Modal OS Agents at Scale

As of 21 August 2026, this Paper Citation Record lists 0 of 0 outbound references and 65 inbound Pith citation observations for arXiv:2409.08264.

A citation records a reference. It does not transfer a finding from one paper to another.

pith.paper-citation-record.v1
2409.08264 v2

Coverage vector

measured 0 of 0 reference resolution

Typed states for the displayed outbound observations.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links

measured 65 of 65 standing notices

One-hop event checks from named stored sources.

Source: scholarly_work_events, retraction_status_cache, observed 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00

measured 65 of 65 inbound itemization

Pith citing papers itemized under the disclosed page cap.

Source: paper_references, paper_reference_links, observed 2026-08-16T11:42:30.581189Z

measured 1 of 1 external citation measurements

A source-named dated measurement, never combined with another source.

Source: arxiv_reference, observed 2026-08-05T02:28:24.338817Z

Reference resolution

0 of 0 outbound references displayed

  • verified exact0
  • verified fuzzy0
  • unresolved0
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  • malformed identifier0
  • metadata mismatch0

External citation measurements

2
arxiv_reference, observed 2026-08-05T02:28:24.338817Z

Outbound references

No outbound reference observations are available for this paper version.

Pith citing papers

Observation 638a6cda-1fca-4e16-ab7a-00a35b2dddf1 · inbound

AndroidWorld: A Dynamic Benchmarking Environment for Autonomous Agents cites this paper.

AndroidWorld: A Dynamic Benchmarking Environment for Autonomous Agents Windows Agent Arena: Evaluating Multi-Modal OS Agents at Scale

Reference 2

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verified exact
arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-13T12:06:13.808642Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-13T12:06:13.697487Z digest=sha256:26c7c0eb7a6935412437adc4f5b841775c74dd039337e56be7199f52ab6c1519

Observation 141af68e-169f-42c0-ab05-8708a7152850 · inbound

Large Action Models: From Inception to Implementation cites this paper.

Large Action Models: From Inception to Implementation Windows Agent Arena: Evaluating Multi-Modal OS Agents at Scale

Reference 3

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no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T16:29:56.539099Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-11T16:29:56.539099Z digest=sha256:aa32f6b82ad2ffd13eb88955bbe1260270667ebed816cd0cd0179c546b84275e

Observation 0487c0bc-e93c-4ca5-9c5d-658754e9637f · inbound

GUI Testing Arena: A Unified Benchmark for Advancing Autonomous GUI Testing Agent cites this paper.

GUI Testing Arena: A Unified Benchmark for Advancing Autonomous GUI Testing Agent Windows Agent Arena: Evaluating Multi-Modal OS Agents at Scale

Reference 8

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no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T04:44:46.707795Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-11T04:44:46.707795Z digest=sha256:16e7db25bba1243a2d41dc36857a463d496d1aed532030071daa0794fab7db62

Observation d43b58a6-7b34-458a-82e3-67b0370a4233 · inbound

A Comprehensive Survey of Agents for Computer Use: Foundations, Challenges, and Future Directions cites this paper.

A Comprehensive Survey of Agents for Computer Use: Foundations, Challenges, and Future Directions Windows Agent Arena: Evaluating Multi-Modal OS Agents at Scale

Reference 10

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verified exact
arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-23T05:02:35.158035Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-23T04:59:36.994758Z digest=sha256:00b2cfa6dfd1d3fdaac8eec0c8e11e5dc71144b055d0bfe3f93dcaccb26f5f89

Observation 2316b0f2-8b7b-4b95-98f8-99c1c658a6cf · inbound

InfiGUI-R1: Advancing Multimodal GUI Agents from Reactive Actors to Deliberative Reasoners cites this paper.

InfiGUI-R1: Advancing Multimodal GUI Agents from Reactive Actors to Deliberative Reasoners Windows Agent Arena: Evaluating Multi-Modal OS Agents at Scale

Reference 11

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verified exact
arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-18T13:54:44.213449Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-18T13:54:44.011048Z digest=sha256:edae40a287ff5f98fcc5e83fdbc7b31953d9b2b611fc25c3f4234743f16334a2

Observation 97692f16-a116-4764-a58a-102f8bf982aa · inbound

PLANET: A Collection of Benchmarks for Evaluating LLMs' Planning Capabilities cites this paper.

PLANET: A Collection of Benchmarks for Evaluating LLMs' Planning Capabilities Windows Agent Arena: Evaluating Multi-Modal OS Agents at Scale

Reference 4

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unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-16T11:42:30.581189Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-16T11:42:30.581189Z digest=sha256:4b8b044a1c1571731ee1dd861d6c2b6401e42ff47c2828799a889e5ed7bed81f

Observation c313bb05-9935-4fb3-8e46-8c72e953fb01 · inbound

Perception, Reason, Think, and Plan: A Survey on Large Multimodal Reasoning Models cites this paper.

Perception, Reason, Think, and Plan: A Survey on Large Multimodal Reasoning Models Windows Agent Arena: Evaluating Multi-Modal OS Agents at Scale

Reference 28

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no resolver link, observed 2026-08-15T23:21:11.957074Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-15T23:21:11.957074Z digest=sha256:d99ad47af4316e67d0adc8773a4b060f36c8f4c052f4ffb156d606493485c8aa

Observation e7ed0343-1903-4b5c-b731-67e105619faf · inbound

Seed1.5-VL Technical Report cites this paper.

Seed1.5-VL Technical Report Windows Agent Arena: Evaluating Multi-Modal OS Agents at Scale

Reference 11

Resolution
verified exact
arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-11T05:26:05.586427Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-11T05:26:04.960844Z digest=sha256:ee399ac9c043e83b97bcab3fe494f7a84c023af58ed7f6c0059e1fa7cba7c6c0

Observation 0e437ce2-42e0-4020-b1e2-ce6696ae78fa · inbound

From Assistants to Adversaries: Exploring the Security Risks of Mobile LLM Agents cites this paper.

From Assistants to Adversaries: Exploring the Security Risks of Mobile LLM Agents Windows Agent Arena: Evaluating Multi-Modal OS Agents at Scale

Reference 71

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no resolver link, observed 2026-08-15T20:28:15.736267Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-15T20:28:15.736267Z digest=sha256:e0545abf887cf8123b6700016e9194a5aec199e8cdea157a9e5e48d4f9190b48

Observation 9becb91f-2fe9-409d-a500-a5ad9c2d1e06 · inbound

Rethinking Agent Design: From Top-Down Workflows to Bottom-Up Skill Evolution cites this paper.

Rethinking Agent Design: From Top-Down Workflows to Bottom-Up Skill Evolution Windows Agent Arena: Evaluating Multi-Modal OS Agents at Scale

Reference 5

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no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T14:47:30.484647Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T14:47:30.484647Z digest=sha256:439369d0957d9455330abe6dc46155a6f3f88f2985296fc6e4f7b793c6631dc1

Observation e8667ae9-db31-441e-aaf0-7c152bb6a973 · inbound

Large Language Models for Planning: A Comprehensive and Systematic Survey cites this paper.

Large Language Models for Planning: A Comprehensive and Systematic Survey Windows Agent Arena: Evaluating Multi-Modal OS Agents at Scale

Reference 14

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T14:11:51.256396Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T14:11:51.256396Z digest=sha256:94d28b27a2d6538f030b9537c90dbf2b52af5cc6a9d500695fcb0fe7e9fd667c

Observation 78f29664-af3c-4df7-a485-f1b99952e8df · inbound

AdInject: Real-World Black-Box Attacks on Web Agents via Advertising Delivery cites this paper.

AdInject: Real-World Black-Box Attacks on Web Agents via Advertising Delivery Windows Agent Arena: Evaluating Multi-Modal OS Agents at Scale

Reference 7

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T13:32:45.685471Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T13:32:45.685471Z digest=sha256:f87ac14d241ed1635053276a515ca256768b892ee81a95530804e5a164fb198e

Observation fd38d427-b701-4f0c-a328-d04965c32457 · inbound

ZeroGUI: Automating Online GUI Learning at Zero Human Cost cites this paper.

ZeroGUI: Automating Online GUI Learning at Zero Human Cost Windows Agent Arena: Evaluating Multi-Modal OS Agents at Scale

Reference 6

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T12:41:20.492823Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T12:41:20.492823Z digest=sha256:a49b96540364edc4af6386c8ebc714c7e6e87b09b7dd54109fc692e6c0b8ade1

Observation 9ce6cf0b-a334-430b-9086-653857e5b534 · inbound

FormFactory: An Interactive Benchmarking Suite for Multimodal Form-Filling Agents cites this paper.

FormFactory: An Interactive Benchmarking Suite for Multimodal Form-Filling Agents Windows Agent Arena: Evaluating Multi-Modal OS Agents at Scale

Reference 4

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T11:46:58.460253Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T11:46:58.460253Z digest=sha256:be4f63298746b2674628b5b2acc93da561d70c00e6d1732f61ba27fb7b3ec7b9

Observation 7d32c33e-4cf7-441b-afc7-8b102d4ed471 · inbound

VS-Bench: Evaluating VLMs for Strategic Abilities in Multi-Agent Environments cites this paper.

VS-Bench: Evaluating VLMs for Strategic Abilities in Multi-Agent Environments Windows Agent Arena: Evaluating Multi-Modal OS Agents at Scale

Reference 10

Resolution
verified exact
arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-19T11:57:16.320093Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-19T11:57:08.314088Z digest=sha256:669e2294edd055190fc04ed6387eff119d940e77360b38308ae4aaee917ce6a9

Observation 05cea6c6-4d04-40f8-9aa7-ee208e20f0b7 · inbound

DPO Learning with LLMs-Judge Signal for Computer Use Agents cites this paper.

DPO Learning with LLMs-Judge Signal for Computer Use Agents Windows Agent Arena: Evaluating Multi-Modal OS Agents at Scale

Reference 3

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T11:11:46.979114Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T11:11:46.979114Z digest=sha256:4f8d7f279c32e580cb90cdb8f6abd523a2f4767f4fcd4f9a1c5829a9ab5fe590

Observation 2f8db09f-390b-4d73-bb00-78aa306b7e73 · inbound

GUI-Actor: Coordinate-Free Visual Grounding for GUI Agents cites this paper.

GUI-Actor: Coordinate-Free Visual Grounding for GUI Agents Windows Agent Arena: Evaluating Multi-Modal OS Agents at Scale

Reference 53

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T11:14:52.564568Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T11:14:52.564568Z digest=sha256:8669d951373b8192002a87da57236cba45e703fffd856021e8a8515d44a1c691

Observation 3851ac80-f581-41b3-a8ee-3d1a7d07b229 · inbound

A Red Teaming Roadmap Towards System-Level Safety cites this paper.

A Red Teaming Roadmap Towards System-Level Safety Windows Agent Arena: Evaluating Multi-Modal OS Agents at Scale

Reference 10

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no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T12:11:18.700239Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T12:11:18.700239Z digest=sha256:288e9c17fb26a288344c3c55fa400ccd2098c2ac0991697e6aa54defd59603c3

Observation c5bf130a-62f4-4ca1-a25d-ef06c8f0a395 · inbound

BIMgent: Towards Autonomous Building Modeling via Computer-use Agents cites this paper.

BIMgent: Towards Autonomous Building Modeling via Computer-use Agents Windows Agent Arena: Evaluating Multi-Modal OS Agents at Scale

Reference 6

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no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T05:43:01.648146Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-07T05:43:01.648146Z digest=sha256:753bf257c8b72164ee12484258f4538deca14f8139406f07b29f918779b80d17

Observation 93d2ffcb-d844-4b02-b81d-66b34b7f648f · inbound

Atomic-to-Compositional Generalization for Mobile Agents with A New Benchmark and Scheduling System cites this paper.

Atomic-to-Compositional Generalization for Mobile Agents with A New Benchmark and Scheduling System Windows Agent Arena: Evaluating Multi-Modal OS Agents at Scale

Reference 56

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no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T05:04:05.525625Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T05:04:05.525625Z digest=sha256:aea104cf719a71bab5778421b2c2e4bfd8dd473e64ec13b95e48b02f0ff17f42

Observation a74440e1-7362-4698-933a-030d5e0788dd · inbound

Evolutionary Perspectives on the Evaluation of LLM-Based AI Agents: A Comprehensive Survey cites this paper.

Evolutionary Perspectives on the Evaluation of LLM-Based AI Agents: A Comprehensive Survey Windows Agent Arena: Evaluating Multi-Modal OS Agents at Scale

Reference 62

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no resolver link, observed 2026-08-07T06:00:19.312139Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-07T06:00:19.312139Z digest=sha256:165ccabfdc563ef26f4a736cb5931754c9b0541af5be229cc6ce7b559b7cd17f

Observation 0221425f-af15-4612-9c25-610124af2164 · inbound

OS-MAP: How Far Can Computer-Using Agents Go in Breadth and Depth? cites this paper.

OS-MAP: How Far Can Computer-Using Agents Go in Breadth and Depth? Windows Agent Arena: Evaluating Multi-Modal OS Agents at Scale

Reference 22

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unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-15T18:05:09.127680Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-15T18:05:09.127680Z digest=sha256:5c007578ac44bba95a9f693676763ab78e29f772d306ec9314cd582d298328c1

Observation 419ca033-3e6d-4cb4-aa67-7929c2cb7219 · inbound

MMBench-GUI: Hierarchical Multi-Platform Evaluation Framework for GUI Agents cites this paper.

MMBench-GUI: Hierarchical Multi-Platform Evaluation Framework for GUI Agents Windows Agent Arena: Evaluating Multi-Modal OS Agents at Scale

Reference 3

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unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-06T14:25:32.827918Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-06T14:25:32.827918Z digest=sha256:8894089431dfbf574ebc502dc4aa906a69881222bf2ec7a562ebb374ca3d7320

Observation bae86311-4cce-4326-ba73-e515a0a96030 · inbound

A Lightweight Incentive-Based Privacy-Preserving Smart Metering Protocol for Value-Added Services cites this paper.

A Lightweight Incentive-Based Privacy-Preserving Smart Metering Protocol for Value-Added Services Windows Agent Arena: Evaluating Multi-Modal OS Agents at Scale

Reference 53

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-05T18:22:38.942250Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-05T18:22:38.942250Z digest=sha256:552505c091771536b925f37fee1ddd30e6ef833c0e8e77d8b84c0d2c82405fda

Observation d017ff4a-3988-40a0-837b-f59d2f930f64 · inbound

InternVL3.5: Advancing Open-Source Multimodal Models in Versatility, Reasoning, and Efficiency cites this paper.

InternVL3.5: Advancing Open-Source Multimodal Models in Versatility, Reasoning, and Efficiency Windows Agent Arena: Evaluating Multi-Modal OS Agents at Scale

Reference 7

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verified exact
arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-10T11:58:59.018602Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-10T11:58:58.660564Z digest=sha256:c513c6a78ff5c4e97acdb70649bd5f5c1da8958d1c9e6ec3215ca4208a830213

Observation 680359c2-4d20-424b-97b8-845389dccf89 · inbound

Instruction Agent: Enhancing Agent with Expert Demonstration cites this paper.

Instruction Agent: Enhancing Agent with Expert Demonstration Windows Agent Arena: Evaluating Multi-Modal OS Agents at Scale

Reference 4

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unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-04T22:55:20.868382Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-08-04T22:55:20.868382Z digest=sha256:06b2ca8b8369a505a6b212ffd6fbbe1ff588d40fe94b1caf26b58f0ef2e60ff3

Observation 814649fc-dd30-45fd-925e-7de9326d04ef · inbound

From Task to Tutorial: An Automated GUI Framework for Excel Tutorial Document and Video Creation cites this paper.

From Task to Tutorial: An Automated GUI Framework for Excel Tutorial Document and Video Creation Windows Agent Arena: Evaluating Multi-Modal OS Agents at Scale

Reference 6

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verified exact
arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-18T13:41:25.551362Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-18T13:40:20.529176Z digest=sha256:ba4021ea3179f96960ef472ad29e84ffc3da010cd937d5312191857ea7d04cec

Observation 3b46c2e4-09e1-4957-831a-40bf2148d495 · inbound

When Should Users Check? Modeling Confirmation Frequency inMulti-Step Agentic AI Tasks cites this paper.

When Should Users Check? Modeling Confirmation Frequency inMulti-Step Agentic AI Tasks Windows Agent Arena: Evaluating Multi-Modal OS Agents at Scale

Reference 14

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verified exact
arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-18T09:01:08.947422Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-18T08:59:35.944554Z digest=sha256:7049b67e681ceed09b2ae3a60f030b45c5762e6975a316c8051c476fe97c96e8

Observation c57a3af2-06be-4f2c-ad7a-59978094638b · inbound

UltraCUA: A Foundation Model for Computer Use Agents with Hybrid Action cites this paper.

UltraCUA: A Foundation Model for Computer Use Agents with Hybrid Action Windows Agent Arena: Evaluating Multi-Modal OS Agents at Scale

Reference 3

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unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-04T09:03:37.545112Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-04T09:03:37.545112Z digest=sha256:8fa346ef60ea95b96fe78d294191364ca2c4996e5faf98178b07d0684986f40b

Observation 5c2761fc-4a2a-479e-9ca3-9a85134c75a6 · inbound

Memory in the Age of AI Agents cites this paper.

Memory in the Age of AI Agents Windows Agent Arena: Evaluating Multi-Modal OS Agents at Scale

Reference 295

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verified exact
arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-11T18:18:20.495275Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-05-11T18:18:19.911342Z digest=sha256:8d22204ecea20e88e6d90c073120f6376b27dd63562b2a7c68a5177492a8f8f5

Observation 4c79d57f-c370-4530-a3df-8cf320fb2b0d · inbound

ThunderAgent: A Simple, Fast and Program-Aware Agentic Inference System cites this paper.

ThunderAgent: A Simple, Fast and Program-Aware Agentic Inference System Windows Agent Arena: Evaluating Multi-Modal OS Agents at Scale

Reference 2

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unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-02T23:32:11.513492Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-02T23:32:11.513492Z digest=sha256:1dc18eed8df5ff743f1538dbdd8535ca2fb54c926f4867e21dd8dcacbbcb7254

Observation 82cac4ba-933f-4e18-b1cb-6c3096b29cfc · inbound

SciVisAgentBench: A Benchmark for Evaluating Scientific Data Analysis and Visualization Agents cites this paper.

SciVisAgentBench: A Benchmark for Evaluating Scientific Data Analysis and Visualization Agents Windows Agent Arena: Evaluating Multi-Modal OS Agents at Scale

Reference 10

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unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-07-13T15:55:53.399860Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-07-13T15:55:53.399860Z digest=sha256:1523f24745a8a8a698a651b17e4a1f30d186201dfde99c2fcca33fed6b965d2c

Observation 0e9dcb76-7fd0-42d3-a868-31e2d17eddb1 · inbound

SciVisAgentBench: A Benchmark for Evaluating Scientific Data Analysis and Visualization Agents cites this paper.

SciVisAgentBench: A Benchmark for Evaluating Scientific Data Analysis and Visualization Agents Windows Agent Arena: Evaluating Multi-Modal OS Agents at Scale

Reference 9

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unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-02T17:09:17.895093Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-02T17:09:17.895093Z digest=sha256:608a6681e13a53351246fe850968c1a6d3342a3437d5558e4e7cea3b70fbc6b2

Observation f9a9bbed-6ab1-4f3d-a8b4-3e5010c99b37 · inbound

VLAA-GUI: Knowing When to Stop, Recover, and Search, A Modular Framework for GUI Automation cites this paper.

VLAA-GUI: Knowing When to Stop, Recover, and Search, A Modular Framework for GUI Automation Windows Agent Arena: Evaluating Multi-Modal OS Agents at Scale

Reference 11

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verified exact
arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-09T22:34:07.730739Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-09T22:24:45.045405Z digest=sha256:609aab0a441baa205f594e478eed5cf60bcd37ecef5dee1df1837e3a5f484245

Observation 9b6331b0-e046-4257-8131-9f4a6f33e4b7 · inbound

GUI Agents with Reinforcement Learning: Toward Digital Inhabitants cites this paper.

GUI Agents with Reinforcement Learning: Toward Digital Inhabitants Windows Agent Arena: Evaluating Multi-Modal OS Agents at Scale

Reference 8

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verified exact
arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-12T10:31:29.684540Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-07T05:48:00.486572Z digest=sha256:1e3bb8fda480dde2469db4886290c5b38478e03176c984da8a3b23000f8e6e40

Observation 59dd9e21-4e34-4ab1-9aac-b92640f4e4dd · inbound

Exploring LLM Agent Designs and Interaction Modalities for Scientific Visualization cites this paper.

Exploring LLM Agent Designs and Interaction Modalities for Scientific Visualization Windows Agent Arena: Evaluating Multi-Modal OS Agents at Scale

Reference 11

Resolution
verified exact
arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-09T05:15:15.133905Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-07T04:57:54.007211Z digest=sha256:35ac0808e1cb0d5e7465671e7d1763fe3dfe98db90acbce994f47bcb938a1205

Observation db87ca56-12eb-4ccc-ba3b-804299bef22f · inbound

Exploring LLM Agent Designs and Interaction Modalities for Scientific Visualization cites this paper.

Exploring LLM Agent Designs and Interaction Modalities for Scientific Visualization Windows Agent Arena: Evaluating Multi-Modal OS Agents at Scale

Reference 11

Resolution
verified exact
arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-14T21:12:57.504014Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-14T21:12:23.352511Z digest=sha256:e8f89a0e42a06e7517b4a34205cfba827c79772e95e7ea78a679d7e7999ce324

Observation dc05aa45-5ca0-4820-97d9-2a26b2f84436 · inbound

The Agent Use of Agent Beings: Agent Cybernetics Is the Missing Science of Foundation Agents cites this paper.

The Agent Use of Agent Beings: Agent Cybernetics Is the Missing Science of Foundation Agents Windows Agent Arena: Evaluating Multi-Modal OS Agents at Scale

Reference 4

Resolution
verified exact
arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-12T05:41:26.015346Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-12T05:03:58.419364Z digest=sha256:1e70158c08ec780a3d41db1c990a0613cf2b9aa7f602360654894e09b683d453

Observation f183a1f1-9d1c-414a-8dd7-4dc688ed0b7d · inbound

WildClawBench: A Benchmark for Real-World, Long-Horizon Agent Evaluation cites this paper.

WildClawBench: A Benchmark for Real-World, Long-Horizon Agent Evaluation Windows Agent Arena: Evaluating Multi-Modal OS Agents at Scale

Reference 5

Resolution
verified exact
arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-12T07:11:24.041765Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-12T03:40:00.725327Z digest=sha256:c66e07e97928f5a1989a69df63e6b6c2904deb15ad8527022b88d3fef339aafd

Observation 13f3e0c1-294f-420b-935c-bf6a0c23d3fd · inbound

ToolCUA: Towards Optimal GUI-Tool Path Orchestration for Computer Use Agents cites this paper.

ToolCUA: Towards Optimal GUI-Tool Path Orchestration for Computer Use Agents Windows Agent Arena: Evaluating Multi-Modal OS Agents at Scale

Reference 5

Resolution
verified exact
arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-13T03:52:12.435726Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-13T03:51:54.401200Z digest=sha256:1d60f8b983a13ed3fcfb47094d71bb6b330f5c88fb2340bfa332c4c72db7e73c

Observation 03324cf0-10f4-4bd1-ad2a-ad238d698b7f · inbound

Covering Human Action Space for Computer Use: Data Synthesis and Benchmark cites this paper.

Covering Human Action Space for Computer Use: Data Synthesis and Benchmark Windows Agent Arena: Evaluating Multi-Modal OS Agents at Scale

Reference 35

Resolution
verified exact
arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-13T05:27:19.027787Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-13T05:18:23.310925Z digest=sha256:e112b4361d249819dd561b8b6a73f2d40d4ea2bccccd1d960bab9d4ca301d56e

Observation f861b748-9799-4321-9359-dfdfe3e5f722 · inbound

WinDeskGround: A Benchmark for Robust GUI Grounding in Complex Multi-Window Desktop Environments cites this paper.

WinDeskGround: A Benchmark for Robust GUI Grounding in Complex Multi-Window Desktop Environments Windows Agent Arena: Evaluating Multi-Modal OS Agents at Scale

Reference 2

Resolution
verified exact
arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-20T22:19:07.703442Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-20T22:17:22.560632Z digest=sha256:c64d32512fa1e247ee8f252967417ff8b08ee670ae7cd521f5367da0b963b737

Observation d4a3e8fa-e645-417d-90e9-3546bf1122b0 · inbound

OpenComputer: Verifiable Software Worlds for Computer-Use Agents cites this paper.

OpenComputer: Verifiable Software Worlds for Computer-Use Agents Windows Agent Arena: Evaluating Multi-Modal OS Agents at Scale

Reference 3

Resolution
verified exact
arxiv_id, observed 2026-05-20T06:33:05.789232Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-05-20T06:28:35.564810Z digest=sha256:0f1f814563bf81a0584e27b7f240b82277777e18f34f60c9b197c2890fa0a907

Observation 05fd08f5-67e6-43a1-a6e7-0128926c5e5c · inbound

PANDO: Efficient Multimodal AI Agents via Online Skill Distillation cites this paper.

PANDO: Efficient Multimodal AI Agents via Online Skill Distillation Windows Agent Arena: Evaluating Multi-Modal OS Agents at Scale

Reference 2

Resolution
verified exact
arxiv_id, observed 2026-06-30T12:04:38.739806Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-06-30T12:02:31.227405Z digest=sha256:8c9d78ea832cb60177ffd6ad6a99fa8c7fa5443b67fd3276b3e1edb460d727f6

Observation 50564ae1-da72-4de5-8600-aead5e2ef924 · inbound

ScaleWoB: Guiding GUI Agents with Coding Agents via Large-Scale Environmental Synthesis cites this paper.

ScaleWoB: Guiding GUI Agents with Coding Agents via Large-Scale Environmental Synthesis Windows Agent Arena: Evaluating Multi-Modal OS Agents at Scale

Reference 20

Resolution
verified exact
arxiv_id, observed 2026-06-30T11:04:37.681260Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-06-30T10:57:59.013811Z digest=sha256:10817c18640ad290a067c876b6b34b0f8b2d9808d7cbc9a23c0a7e7a73170651

Observation 22d4b913-9e2f-4744-ae02-9521275dae51 · inbound

Toward Native Multimodal Modeling: A Roadmap cites this paper.

Toward Native Multimodal Modeling: A Roadmap Windows Agent Arena: Evaluating Multi-Modal OS Agents at Scale

Reference 134

Resolution
verified exact
arxiv_id, observed 2026-06-29T23:04:01.842037Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-06-29T22:58:38.610609Z digest=sha256:a491bff4bcf5156beab0d1bd62903c1e559f8f1e2b732c23f69e653c54cc5038

Observation 4b6cfeec-5a84-4ff2-8f87-bdda229a2a15 · inbound

AndroidDaily: A Verifiable Benchmark for Mobile GUI Agents on Real-World Closed-Source Applications cites this paper.

AndroidDaily: A Verifiable Benchmark for Mobile GUI Agents on Real-World Closed-Source Applications Windows Agent Arena: Evaluating Multi-Modal OS Agents at Scale

Reference 7

Resolution
verified exact
arxiv_id, observed 2026-06-29T17:53:46.913545Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-06-29T17:52:03.395181Z digest=sha256:ec93265b9da6b6455603ff8ba1a91672a3fb287832c4bcbfb06e2af7899033b5

Observation f374c062-829a-49af-8f21-8b1f3ef6bb69 · inbound

Learn from Weaknesses: Automated Domain Specialization for Small Computer-Use Agents cites this paper.

Learn from Weaknesses: Automated Domain Specialization for Small Computer-Use Agents Windows Agent Arena: Evaluating Multi-Modal OS Agents at Scale

Reference 4

Resolution
verified exact
arxiv_id, observed 2026-06-29T14:23:30.828492Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-06-29T14:15:55.180284Z digest=sha256:f66ad0ba973e1782cd80ab8a4db46dbcc78c1628872795636480e6a06e1241c9

Observation a732b2ab-27fc-4023-834a-012311066c9d · inbound

unix-ctf: Procedural Environments for Unix-Competence Reinforcement Learning cites this paper.

unix-ctf: Procedural Environments for Unix-Competence Reinforcement Learning Windows Agent Arena: Evaluating Multi-Modal OS Agents at Scale

Reference 1

Resolution
metadata mismatch
arxiv_id, observed 2026-06-29T11:23:20.881047Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-06-29T11:19:38.959705Z digest=sha256:6b1cda028ba65453970ff61bba87480ae23f3ebca32830f12b18bc0da50ddce8

Observation c9104706-06eb-4f0f-8b6a-977fc0abe023 · inbound

What to Format and How: A Benchmark and Workflow Approach for Document Formatting cites this paper.

What to Format and How: A Benchmark and Workflow Approach for Document Formatting Windows Agent Arena: Evaluating Multi-Modal OS Agents at Scale

Reference 31

Resolution
verified exact
arxiv_id, observed 2026-07-01T23:26:22.643622Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-06-28T14:21:53.716738Z digest=sha256:8a16f09adf8e26fcf1bd263cf6f149f2b78e4fd60862d9b9ebee4b4096ddceb7

Observation b91c42aa-3416-442e-8775-deafef7be633 · inbound

Agentic Environment Engineering for Large Language Models: A Survey of Environment Modeling, Synthesis, Evaluation, and Application cites this paper.

Agentic Environment Engineering for Large Language Models: A Survey of Environment Modeling, Synthesis, Evaluation, and Application Windows Agent Arena: Evaluating Multi-Modal OS Agents at Scale

Reference 55

Resolution
verified exact
arxiv_id, observed 2026-07-03T10:58:02.909237Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-06-27T09:46:30.702256Z digest=sha256:a4f72b757ad10619f47970e7f1114cee2292c615ccbf2144714b3f2656c3a055

Observation 164d0dc0-e567-42a8-8963-4a8e141c1486 · inbound

InternVideo3: Agentify Foundation Models with Multimodal Contextual Reasoning cites this paper.

InternVideo3: Agentify Foundation Models with Multimodal Contextual Reasoning Windows Agent Arena: Evaluating Multi-Modal OS Agents at Scale

Reference 96

Resolution
verified exact
arxiv_id, observed 2026-07-03T10:48:03.109381Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-06-27T09:48:27.652901Z digest=sha256:86418a0d9f211d5fb148af117d6f311b409da9ec3922663d3c6b25a7331d2366

Observation dc387c66-dff6-41cd-b39a-cfe1ce065c94 · inbound

ProCUA-SFT Technical Report cites this paper.

ProCUA-SFT Technical Report Windows Agent Arena: Evaluating Multi-Modal OS Agents at Scale

Reference 1

Resolution
verified exact
arxiv_id, observed 2026-07-03T18:08:46.708717Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-06-27T03:18:04.149281Z digest=sha256:01a4c8e17308fc1c7f35afd2b0f6a7a08c4ae4b5c3efaa023ab1aa648a8d6eef

Observation f9fa80bf-0fad-4a4c-a9f1-f2597792c8d3 · inbound

PreAct: Computer-Using Agents that Get Faster on Repeated Tasks cites this paper.

PreAct: Computer-Using Agents that Get Faster on Repeated Tasks Windows Agent Arena: Evaluating Multi-Modal OS Agents at Scale

Reference 3

Resolution
verified exact
arxiv_id, observed 2026-07-03T20:58:57.437324Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-06-27T01:06:26.643487Z digest=sha256:6f2cd7bcc8a7ffeed6fb347da42ab572ee780d5f7a2569d2e80f4afb41a1b231

Observation b1f8c8a1-c9d9-42de-81e0-c5437a88a7fd · inbound

PhoneBuddy: Training Open Models for Agentic Phone Use cites this paper.

PhoneBuddy: Training Open Models for Agentic Phone Use Windows Agent Arena: Evaluating Multi-Modal OS Agents at Scale

Reference 22

Resolution
verified exact
arxiv_id, observed 2026-07-04T10:59:46.510338Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-06-26T08:15:49.428124Z digest=sha256:c362d06d3a5f721b17e8c521be7c142e680c814ef0c3ad556a378b8dce7b3067

Observation 18c4ed79-4ea5-4010-b8e5-a7e898a1cf27 · inbound

SEATauBench: Adapting Tool-Agent-User Evaluation Into Low-Resource Southeast Asian Languages cites this paper.

SEATauBench: Adapting Tool-Agent-User Evaluation Into Low-Resource Southeast Asian Languages Windows Agent Arena: Evaluating Multi-Modal OS Agents at Scale

Reference 18

Resolution
verified exact
arxiv_id, observed 2026-06-30T10:14:36.196425Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

No event found in the named queried sources as of 2026-08-20T06:33:59.587034+00:00.

source=arxiv_source observed=2026-06-30T10:12:45.090257Z digest=sha256:d21b74a1d85420c0cb8a3e8d9de37fd8dc10b1ecf1b1c73f888ef384bf2c695d

Observation fbeb1a9b-6677-4b65-9965-dd75bed08d7b · inbound

UI-MOPD: Multi-Platform On-Policy Distillation for Unified GUI Agents cites this paper.

UI-MOPD: Multi-Platform On-Policy Distillation for Unified GUI Agents Windows Agent Arena: Evaluating Multi-Modal OS Agents at Scale

Reference 3

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-07-11T19:16:37.302399Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-07-11T19:16:37.302399Z digest=sha256:f6ebeb41e01429679e75c14e9038ef7ea847d8c0f988dc9c884e0359c7332c88

Observation 9692b6c4-f382-46db-a7cc-936503549022 · inbound

EvoCUA-1.5: Online Reinforcement Learning for Multi-turn Computer-Use Agents cites this paper.

EvoCUA-1.5: Online Reinforcement Learning for Multi-turn Computer-Use Agents Windows Agent Arena: Evaluating Multi-Modal OS Agents at Scale

Reference 11

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-07-14T16:00:52.709643Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-07-14T16:00:52.709643Z digest=sha256:adddba0ed752515323127dbf234124a9f0353933f8f023a4e3d8ef0e45b8214b

Observation 64a4e43f-3499-4e10-bb6b-12f54f590a3c · inbound

SCALECUA: Scaling Computer Use Agents with Verifiable Task Synthesis and Efficient Online RL cites this paper.

SCALECUA: Scaling Computer Use Agents with Verifiable Task Synthesis and Efficient Online RL Windows Agent Arena: Evaluating Multi-Modal OS Agents at Scale

Reference 3

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-07-14T06:25:23.264527Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-07-14T06:25:23.264527Z digest=sha256:31620f20aef47c63a3d9aae72db84c456dbe6789e31ac6f94b707c34bf9d8ef5

Observation f98c730c-480a-4857-820e-fa4fdbaa02ab · inbound

Sidekick: Designing Communication for Effective Multitasking with Computer Use Agents cites this paper.

Sidekick: Designing Communication for Effective Multitasking with Computer Use Agents Windows Agent Arena: Evaluating Multi-Modal OS Agents at Scale

Reference 2024

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-01T17:47:05.574747Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-01T17:47:05.574747Z digest=sha256:5d8f7ca478c3fa5cb7c1bbb9a3bf403dc9c675b5e65d0a15d797d9f89ad52b30

Observation a78e5880-18cb-48c3-989c-8515782d04af · inbound

RT-SHCUA: Real-Time Self-Hosted Computer-Use Agent for UAV Control cites this paper.

RT-SHCUA: Real-Time Self-Hosted Computer-Use Agent for UAV Control Windows Agent Arena: Evaluating Multi-Modal OS Agents at Scale

Reference 41

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-01T16:35:16.244311Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-01T16:35:16.244311Z digest=sha256:bc75d2e0c6c774aaa40f099b8e701a9bb14ed519ff9f620dff597e911454adfb

Observation 62f0b283-3b2c-4d37-8922-5c1dac8ee71c · inbound

StateAct: Program State, before Pixels, for Long-Horizon Computer-Use Agents cites this paper.

StateAct: Program State, before Pixels, for Long-Horizon Computer-Use Agents Windows Agent Arena: Evaluating Multi-Modal OS Agents at Scale

Reference 2025

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-01T05:06:47.475945Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-01T05:06:47.475945Z digest=sha256:42eeccf8addbad49e50219ebfa246a182bc7b25848691e24111468bcd8036d08

Observation 152a5033-2123-47ab-ad58-2ad87a719d3c · inbound

Rethinking Inference-Time Scaling in Local Computer-Use Agents: Failure Modes and Compute Tradeoffs cites this paper.

Rethinking Inference-Time Scaling in Local Computer-Use Agents: Failure Modes and Compute Tradeoffs Windows Agent Arena: Evaluating Multi-Modal OS Agents at Scale

Reference 5

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-07-31T03:24:11.711233Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-07-31T03:24:11.711233Z digest=sha256:817ffbb2bfa7dcb58d19d5928ed38f963c83aa517b86ffabdd37c8cf39780670

Observation a8e28b60-e354-4d99-84b9-588fabf998a6 · inbound

OSReward: Instituting Standardized Evaluation for Cross-Platform Computer-Use Reward Models cites this paper.

OSReward: Instituting Standardized Evaluation for Cross-Platform Computer-Use Reward Models Windows Agent Arena: Evaluating Multi-Modal OS Agents at Scale

Reference 7

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-07-31T02:18:01.593694Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-07-31T02:18:01.593694Z digest=sha256:f7a13d7b4d531ec6f5cb8a432903cb3ca2682ff95174149c29aaa81f5a19d1c3

Observation f9616f4a-5d33-4229-92b5-0df97cdd4aef · inbound

Software Engineering for and with GUI Agent cites this paper.

Software Engineering for and with GUI Agent Windows Agent Arena: Evaluating Multi-Modal OS Agents at Scale

Reference 12

Resolution
unresolved
no resolver link, observed 2026-08-11T20:19:14.569511Z

Source-reported events for the cited work

Unavailable: canonical work link unavailable.

source=pdf_text observed=2026-08-11T20:19:14.569511Z digest=sha256:0f662dc32591f574e6604d70c5f7d2391861582a049e2e3ad99b82b7407338c7