Intrinsic Colors, Temperatures, and Bolometric Corrections of Pre-Main Sequence Stars
read the original abstract
We present an analysis of the intrinsic colors and temperatures of 5-30 Myr old pre-main sequence (pre-MS) stars using the F0 through M9 type members of nearby, negligibly reddened groups: Eta Cha cluster, TW Hydra Association, Beta Pic Moving Group, and Tucana-Horologium Association. To check the consistency of spectral types from the literature, we estimate new spectral types for 52 nearby pre-MS stars with spectral types F3 through M4 using optical spectra taken with the SMARTS 1.5-m telescope. Combining these new types with published spectral types, and photometry from the literature (Johnson-Cousins BVIc, 2MASS JHKs and WISE W1, W2, W3, and W4), we derive a new empirical spectral type-color sequence for 5-30 Myr old pre-MS stars. Colors for pre-MS stars match dwarf colors for some spectral types and colors, but for other spectral types and colors, deviations can exceed 0.3 mag. We estimate effective temperatures (Teff) and bolometric corrections (BCs) for our pre-MS star sample through comparing their photometry to synthetic photometry generated using the BT-Settl grid of model atmosphere spectra. We derive a new Teff and BC scale for pre-MS stars, which should be a more appropriate match for T Tauri stars than often-adopted dwarf star scales. While our new Teff scale for pre-MS stars is within ~100 K of dwarfs at a given spectral type for stars <G5, for G5 through K6, the pre-MS stars are ~250 K cooler than their main sequence counterparts. Lastly, we present (1) a modern Teff, optical/IR color, and bolometric correction sequence for O9V-M9V MS stars based on an extensive literature survey, (2) a revised Q-method relation for dereddening UBV photometry of OB-type stars, and (3) introduce two candidate spectral standard stars as representatives of spectral types K8V and K9V.
This paper has not been read by Pith yet.
Forward citations
Cited by 25 Pith papers
-
An Aligned Very-Low-Mass Star Orbiting an M dwarf and Obliquity Patterns Across Giant Planets, Brown Dwarfs, and Binary Stars
First obliquity measurement in an M dwarf binary shows alignment, with tentative evidence that aligned orbits around cool stars and wide separations also hold for brown dwarfs and binaries.
-
A new Gaia census of OB associations within 1 kpc
A new catalogue of 56 OB associations within 1 kpc is produced from Gaia data using HDBSCAN, with most showing expansion and connections to local galactic features.
-
Exoplanets in ancient stellar populations: occurrence constraints and hot-Jupiter candidates in the Galactic halo
Hot Jupiter occurrence in the Galactic halo is low at ~0.13% with no significant difference between in-situ and accreted populations, well below disk rates.
-
Searching for the Third Wheel: High-Contrast Imaging Constraints on Tertiaries to Black Hole and Neutron Star Binaries
High-contrast imaging of 18 compact-object binaries yields no robust tertiary detections and rules out main-sequence tertiaries at projected separations greater than 500 au for Gaia systems and 2000 au for BH LMXBs.
-
Toward Early-type Eclipsing Binaries as Extragalactic Milestones: First Calibration of the SBCR from O- and B-type Stars in Detached Eclipsing Binaries
The authors deliver a combined SBCR for stars below ~16 solar masses spanning V-Ks from -0.9 to 2.1 mag with 0.025 mag scatter, plus a separate O-star relation, and verify it on an M33 eclipsing binary.
-
Testing the reliability of magnetic field strength measurements for M dwarfs
Synthetic spectra tests show Zeeman broadening recovers M dwarf magnetic field strengths more reliably with joint abundance fitting and WAIC selection than with free line strengths or BIC/AIC, which underestimate by 3...
-
Simulating Star Formation and Star Cluster Assembly in the Aquila Rift Using Archival Observations
Simulations of the Aquila Rift show uneven clumps accreting gas and merging along filaments to form a fractal cluster whose velocity anisotropies, rotation, and expansion record the assembly history even after gas removal.
-
A preliminary exploration of the effects of baseline length for the LIFE space mission
LIFE mission simulations show that baselines of 25-80 m or even discrete values can achieve planet yield and fringe tracking with less than 10% performance loss compared to wider ranges.
-
A tidally detached super Neptune on a strongly misaligned retrograde orbit
TOI-1710 b has a true obliquity of 149 degrees indicating retrograde motion, favoring high-eccentricity migration via planet-planet scattering and Kozai-Lidov cycles for this tidally detached super-Neptune.
-
The T16 Planet Hunt: 10,000 New Planet Candidates from TESS Cycle 1 and the Confirmation of a Hot Jupiter Around TIC 183374187
A transit search on TESS Cycle 1 full-frame images produced 10,091 new planet candidates down to T=16 mag, more than doubling the known TESS total, with one hot Jupiter confirmed by radial velocity.
-
A sample of short-lived Galactic radio transients from ASKAP VAST
Six new Galactic radio transients found and classified into two types, proposed to originate from wide-orbit white dwarf binaries.
-
The TESS All-Sky Rotation Survey: Periods for 1,046,317 Stars Within 500 pc
The TESS All-Sky Rotation Survey provides periods for 1,046,317 stars within 500 pc, with an estimated 93% being true rotation periods, and includes a method to correct half-period aliases.
-
Gaia21bja: pre-main sequence star with quasi-periodic bursts
Gaia21bja is identified as a pre-main sequence star with quasi-periodic bursts, showing spectral features and a 5.5-6 times higher accretion rate during outbursts that place it in the periodic category of outbursting YSOs.
-
7DT Insight: Variability in Young Stellar Objects
Two-epoch medium-band photometry of 769 YSO candidates in Orion A identifies 110 variables (~14%), with best-fit templates dominated by cold and hot spot models over extinction or gray changes.
-
Spectroscopic Bolometric Corrections and Empirical Zero-point Constants of \textit{Gaia} Magnitudes, $G$, $G_{\rm BP}$, and $G_{\rm RP}$, from \textit{Gaia} XP Spectra
Empirical zero-point constants for Gaia bolometric corrections are derived as weighted averages 0.8677, 1.0449, and 2.0510 mag for G, GBP, and GRP from 88 stars, yielding corresponding magnitude zero-points via IAU de...
-
Mass Production of 2023 KMTNet Microlensing Planets. III: Three Planets from the Subprime Field
Three new planets detected via 2023 KMTNet microlensing with mass ratios log q ~ -1.9, -2.0, -2.6; overall 2023 sample of 25 planets matches prior mass-ratio distribution.
-
HD3191, the high-mass X-ray binary that wasn't there
HD3191 is a single rapidly rotating B1 IV:nn star showing multi-mode non-radial pulsations, not a high-mass X-ray binary.
-
TOI-159 b: an eccentric hot-Jupiter planet around a young, pulsating $\gamma$ Doradus star
TOI-159 b is confirmed as the hottest known eccentric hot Jupiter (e = 0.24) with a 13-sigma Keplerian detection around a young gamma Doradus star, including a preliminary low-resolution transmission spectrum.
-
The POKEMON Speckle Survey of Nearby M dwarfs. IV. Distance-Limited Catalog (POKEMON-DLC)
The POKEMON-DLC supplements the prior catalog with 66 Gaia-identified M-dwarf primaries, detects four companions, and reports an updated projected separation peak at 7.91 au with M-dwarf multiplicity and companion rat...
-
IZ Tel and UW Vir: Southern oscillating eclipsing Algol systems with active mass transfer
IZ Tel and UW Vir are oEA binaries with δ Sct primaries showing mass transfer, derived masses of 1.48/0.33 and 2.39/0.67 solar masses, and multi-frequency pulsations including combination modes.
-
Spectroscopic Characterization of WD J000801.25-350450 and its Two Co-Moving Companions
Spectroscopic data confirm a 6200 K DA white dwarf of 0.63 solar mass with an M8 inner companion and possible M6+M9 outer binary, suggesting the system is quadruple.
-
Einstein Probe discovery of EP J171159.4-333253: an eclipsing neutron star low-mass X-ray binary with clocked bursts
Discovery of an eclipsing neutron star LMXB with clocked bursts, orbital period 6.483 hr, companion mass 0.6-0.8 Msun, and helium burst indications from energy ratio 120-130.
-
3I/ATLAS: In Search of the Witnesses to Its Voyage
No stellar flybys within the past 10 Myr and 500 pc in Gaia DR3 explain the present trajectory of 3I/ATLAS, which matches thin-disk kinematics despite its high peculiar velocity.
-
Two Potential Exoplanets around A-type Stars Selected from 18 Planetary Candidates
Two TESS candidates around A-type stars are flagged as promising exoplanets after low false-positive probabilities are calculated for 18 screened objects.
-
The Wonderful World of Binary Stars
Student teams at an ESO school obtained spectroscopic and photometric data on binary stars and blue stragglers, confirming alignment due to tides, cluster membership via abundances, delta Scuti pulsation, and a binary...
discussion (0)
Sign in with ORCID, Apple, or X to comment. Anyone can read and Pith papers without signing in.