The large N limit of superconformal field theories is dual to supergravity on Anti-de Sitter spacetimes.
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Microscopic Origin of the Bekenstein-Hawking Entropy
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abstract
The Bekenstein-Hawking area-entropy relation $S_{BH}=A/4$ is derived for a class of five-dimensional extremal black holes in string theory by counting the degeneracy of BPS soliton bound states.
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representative citing papers
The resolved elliptic genus refines the supersymmetry index for the D1-D5 CFT by summing only over symmetry sectors that mix under a deformed supercharge, yielding agreement with supergravity below the black-hole threshold where the modified elliptic genus is trivial.
Derives the general non-holomorphic completion for arbitrary n-center BPS black hole indices using localization on the refined Witten index in supersymmetric quantum mechanics, yielding generalized error functions from phase space and transverse integrals.
Replica wormholes in the gravitational path integral yield the island rule for the fine-grained entropy of Hawking radiation, ensuring it follows the unitary Page curve in two-dimensional dilaton gravity.
Develops a constrained particle-on-group formulation of super-JT gravity that yields super-Schwarzian actions, physical supercharges, and explicit N=2/N=4 three-point functions plus zero-energy OTOCs.
The bosonic AdS3/CFT2 duality emerges from the Gross-Neveu model via higher-spin composites and fluctuations in competing spin-0 and spin-1 condensates that define the radial bulk coordinate.
Higher spin gravity path integral on S^4 glues to an Sp(N) or superconformal S^3 boundary theory, giving leading contribution 2^N with one-loop cancellations.
Enumerates 244 fortuitous operators in ABJM theory and identifies a truncation matching the BMN subsector of N=4 SYM to lift an infinite tower of representatives.
Berry curvature of BPS states is random-matrix-like for supersymmetric black hole microstates but non-random and often zero for horizonless geometries, offering a chaos diagnostic in degenerate sectors.
Non-invertible symmetries define quantum gates with generalized complexity distances, and simple objects in symmetry categories turn out to be computationally complex in concrete 4D and 2D QFT examples.
Thermodynamic quantities for black p-branes in arbitrary dimensions can be derived without constructing solutions by generalizing a previous method, including cases with general scalar cosets.
Large N symmetric orbifold CFTs decompose into superselection sectors that behave as closed universes, with each physical sector becoming one-dimensional after gauging, matching gravitational expectations.
Constructs complex BTZ x S3 saddles for the supersymmetric index in AdS3 x S3 supergravity, matching supersymmetry requirements through two-center 4D solutions with complex charges and 6D black strings.
Finite-N non-planar mixing in the D1D5 CFT produces level repulsion and random-matrix statistics in symmetry-resolved sectors, while the planar large-N limit yields Poisson statistics.
Black hole horizons in 2+1D are composed of quantized length quanta 8π ℓ_P n, producing entropy near the Bekenstein-Hawking value and a local Hawking spectrum via a length ensemble.
Brick-wall spectra in de Sitter space show long-range chaotic signatures via spectral form factor and Krylov complexity even when conventional level repulsion is absent.
Quasinormal modes correspond well to grey-body factors for vector and tensor perturbations of Schwarzschild-Tangherlini black holes in all dimensions, but fail for scalar l=2 modes in D≥7 because of multiple potential barriers.
Derives forced KdV equation from Chern-Simons 3D gravity with chiral boundaries, with forcing set by Schrödinger eigenfunctions, and solves reflectionless and radiative sectors via inverse scattering.
Resurgent cyclic orbits' algebraic structure plus the leading q-series term determines the asymptotic growth exponent of dual q-series coefficients, which equals an effective central charge c_eff in a related 3d N=2 QFT.
Multiple microscopic methods confirm universality of AdS4 black hole entropy for non-extremal cases at high temperatures and show Hawking radiation rate proportional to horizon area.
Flat spacetime is the only fully supersymmetric solution in four-dimensional N=3 and N=4 higher derivative Poincaré supergravity, unlike N=2 where Bertotti-Robinson geometry also qualifies.
Microscopic D-brane description of non-supersymmetric extremal black holes yields a unique ground state with non-zero energy, confirming absence of degeneracy.
Negative-tension ZZ-branes are required by resurgence to build complete transseries for minimal-string free energies, with analytic Stokes data and extensions to JT gravity and other string models.
Fuzzball models with stretched horizons modify or eliminate entanglement islands depending on boundary conditions and cap geometry, producing information paradox analogues in some cases.
citing papers explorer
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The Large N Limit of Superconformal Field Theories and Supergravity
The large N limit of superconformal field theories is dual to supergravity on Anti-de Sitter spacetimes.
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The Resolved Elliptic Genus and the D1-D5 CFT
The resolved elliptic genus refines the supersymmetry index for the D1-D5 CFT by summing only over symmetry sectors that mix under a deformed supercharge, yielding agreement with supergravity below the black-hole threshold where the modified elliptic genus is trivial.
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Black Hole Quantum Mechanics and Generalized Error Functions
Derives the general non-holomorphic completion for arbitrary n-center BPS black hole indices using localization on the refined Witten index in supersymmetric quantum mechanics, yielding generalized error functions from phase space and transverse integrals.
-
Replica Wormholes and the Entropy of Hawking Radiation
Replica wormholes in the gravitational path integral yield the island rule for the fine-grained entropy of Hawking radiation, ensuring it follows the unitary Page curve in two-dimensional dilaton gravity.
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Constrained particle on a group: from propagators to correlators
Develops a constrained particle-on-group formulation of super-JT gravity that yields super-Schwarzian actions, physical supercharges, and explicit N=2/N=4 three-point functions plus zero-energy OTOCs.
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Holographic duality from a four-fermion interaction: emergent AdS$_3$/CFT$_2$, D-branes, and Einstein gravity
The bosonic AdS3/CFT2 duality emerges from the Gross-Neveu model via higher-spin composites and fluctuations in competing spin-0 and spin-1 condensates that define the radial bulk coordinate.
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dS$^4$ Metamorphosis
Higher spin gravity path integral on S^4 glues to an Sp(N) or superconformal S^3 boundary theory, giving leading contribution 2^N with one-loop cancellations.
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Two roads to fortuity in ABJM theory
Enumerates 244 fortuitous operators in ABJM theory and identifies a truncation matching the BMN subsector of N=4 SYM to lift an infinite tower of representatives.
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Chaos of Berry curvature for BPS microstates
Berry curvature of BPS states is random-matrix-like for supersymmetric black hole microstates but non-random and often zero for horizonless geometries, offering a chaos diagnostic in degenerate sectors.
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Generalized Complexity Distances and Non-Invertible Symmetries
Non-invertible symmetries define quantum gates with generalized complexity distances, and simple objects in symmetry categories turn out to be computationally complex in concrete 4D and 2D QFT examples.
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Black p-brane Thermodynamics without Constructing Solutions
Thermodynamic quantities for black p-branes in arbitrary dimensions can be derived without constructing solutions by generalizing a previous method, including cases with general scalar cosets.
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Emergent Closed Universes in Symmetric Orbifold CFTs
Large N symmetric orbifold CFTs decompose into superselection sectors that behave as closed universes, with each physical sector becoming one-dimensional after gauging, matching gravitational expectations.
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Complex BPS Black Holes in AdS$_3\times S^3$
Constructs complex BTZ x S3 saddles for the supersymmetric index in AdS3 x S3 supergravity, matching supersymmetry requirements through two-center 4D solutions with complex charges and 6D black strings.
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Signatures of Quantum Chaos in the D1D5 System
Finite-N non-planar mixing in the D1D5 CFT produces level repulsion and random-matrix statistics in symmetry-resolved sectors, while the planar large-N limit yields Poisson statistics.
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Hawking radiation from black holes in 2+1 dimensions
Black hole horizons in 2+1D are composed of quantized length quanta 8π ℓ_P n, producing entropy near the Bekenstein-Hawking value and a local Hawking spectrum via a length ensemble.
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Cosmological brick walls & quantum chaotic dynamics of de Sitter horizons
Brick-wall spectra in de Sitter space show long-range chaotic signatures via spectral form factor and Krylov complexity even when conventional level repulsion is absent.
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Correspondence between quasinormal modes and grey-body factors of Schwarzschild--Tangherlini black holes
Quasinormal modes correspond well to grey-body factors for vector and tensor perturbations of Schwarzschild-Tangherlini black holes in all dimensions, but fail for scalar l=2 modes in D≥7 because of multiple potential barriers.
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Integrability in Three-Dimensional Gravity: Eigenfunction-Forced KdV Flows
Derives forced KdV equation from Chern-Simons 3D gravity with chiral boundaries, with forcing set by Schrödinger eigenfunctions, and solves reflectionless and radiative sectors via inverse scattering.
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$c_{\rm eff}$ from Resurgence at the Stokes Line
Resurgent cyclic orbits' algebraic structure plus the leading q-series term determines the asymptotic growth exponent of dual q-series coefficients, which equals an effective central charge c_eff in a related 3d N=2 QFT.
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Explorations of Universality in the Entropy and Hawking Radiation of Non-Extremal Kerr AdS$_4$ Black Holes
Multiple microscopic methods confirm universality of AdS4 black hole entropy for non-extremal cases at high temperatures and show Hawking radiation rate proportional to horizon area.
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Only Flat Spacetime is Full BPS in Four Dimensional N=3 and N=4 Supergravity
Flat spacetime is the only fully supersymmetric solution in four-dimensional N=3 and N=4 higher derivative Poincaré supergravity, unlike N=2 where Bertotti-Robinson geometry also qualifies.
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An extremal black hole with a unique ground state
Microscopic D-brane description of non-supersymmetric extremal black holes yields a unique ground state with non-zero energy, confirming absence of degeneracy.
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All the D-Branes of Resurgence
Negative-tension ZZ-branes are required by resurgence to build complete transseries for minimal-string free energies, with analytic Stokes data and extensions to JT gravity and other string models.
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Entanglement islands, fuzzballs and stretched horizons
Fuzzball models with stretched horizons modify or eliminate entanglement islands depending on boundary conditions and cap geometry, producing information paradox analogues in some cases.
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Deforming ${\rm AdS}_3\times S^3\times T^4$ in Type IIB Supergravity
New supersymmetric WAdS3 × WS3 × T4 solutions in Type IIB supergravity with independent warp parameters for the AdS and sphere factors, some obtained via two TsT transformations.
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Monodromy-Matrix Description of Extremal Multi-centered Black Holes
The authors derive explicit monodromy matrices for Bena-Warner BPS solutions and almost-BPS configurations including two-center black rings, factorize them via nilpotent elements of so(4,4), and construct an SO(4,4) duality relating branches of the Rasheed-Larsen solution.
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BMPV black hole at first order in $\alpha'$
Derives analytic α' corrections to the three-charge BMPV black hole geometry and computes its corrected entropy via generalized Wald formula, matching supersymmetric index results.
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Index saddle for the D1-D5-P black string and its decoupling limit
Constructs index saddle for D1-D5-P black string via BPS limit and uplift, with decoupling to BTZ x S^3 computing CFT index.
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Microscopic entropy of de Sitter spacetime and entropic solution to the old cosmological constant problem
A coupling α is identified with de Sitter entropy via holography and RG flow; imposing monotonic infrared increase on α(k) yields the observed cosmological constant value.
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The magic of the gravitational vacuum
The vecro hypothesis introduces a lattice model of the gravitational vacuum whose extended correlations nucleate fuzzballs that destroy semiclassical spacetime near trapped surfaces.
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Holographic complexity of de-Sitter black holes
In SdS black hole holography, CV and CV2.0 complexities grow linearly while CA growth vanishes due to finite action, with matching rates between static patch and dS/CFT schemes.
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Toward a worldsheet theory of entanglement entropy
A new action for entanglement entropy in AdS3/CFT2 derives gravity equations, reduces to a string worldsheet, reproduces bit threads, and unifies several quantum gravity conjectures.
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UV Effects and Short-Lived Hawking Radiation: Alternative Resolution of Information Paradox
Hawking radiation terminates around the scrambling time due to trans-Planckian stringy effects in GUP and string-field-theory-inspired toy models, yielding negligible evaporation and a mostly classical black hole.
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Interpolating between multi-center microstate geometries
Constructs a 2-center helical-profile solution that interpolates between two circular-profile Lunin-Mathur microstate geometries while exhibiting charge delocalization and transfer between centers.
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Towering Gravitons in AdS$_3$/CFT$_2$
A procedure dresses supergravitons with singletons to extend the BPS gravity-sector spectrum in AdS3/CFT2, yielding affine multiplets that match the D1-D5 CFT better after deformation up to higher levels.
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Are Black Holes Fuzzballs? Probing Horizon-Scale Structure with LISA
LISA can constrain non-axisymmetric mass quadrupole deformations at the 10^{-3} level and axisymmetric mass octupole deformations at the 10^{-2} level in EMRI signals to test fuzzball proposals.
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The entropy of black hole under second-order deviation from equilibrium
The entropy of a dynamical black hole equals the area of its apparent horizon at second order in perturbations when the null energy condition holds.
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Thermodynamics vs Teleodynamics: A Cosmological Divide?
Stationary black holes obey ordinary thermodynamics but cosmology requires memory-bearing teleodynamics, with horizon memory causing deviations from the area law.
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Supersymmetry of the static Reissner-Nordstr\"om black hole in Bertotti-Robinson ($\mathrm{AdS}_2 \times \mathbb{S}^2$)
The static Reissner-Nordström black hole embedded in Bertotti-Robinson (AdS₂ × S²) is supersymmetric in N=2 D=4 supergravity, saturates the BPS bound, and yields mass and thermodynamic relations with a cosmological-constant generalization.
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Modave lectures on energy conditions in quantum field theory and semi-classical gravity
Review of classical energy conditions, their quantum violations, and information-theoretic bounds for semi-classical gravity, based on Modave lectures.
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Lecture notes on strings in AdS$_3$ from the worldsheet and the AdS$_3$/CFT$_2$ duality
Lecture notes deliver a self-contained pedagogical overview of worldsheet strings in AdS3 with NSNS flux, summarizing 25 years of results with emphasis on spectrally flowed correlation functions.
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Testing the nature of dark compact objects: a status report
Current and future observations can test whether dark compact objects are Kerr black holes or exotic alternatives, with null results strengthening the black hole paradigm.