TopoFisher optimizes trainable filtrations, vectorizations, and compressors in persistent homology to maximize Fisher information, yielding higher information than fixed cosmological summaries and approaching neural baselines with far fewer parameters while generalizing better under simulator shifts
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The Completed SDSS-IV extended Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey: Cosmological Implications from two Decades of Spectroscopic Surveys at the Apache Point observatory
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abstract
We present the cosmological implications from final measurements of clustering using galaxies, quasars, and Ly$\alpha$ forests from the completed Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) lineage of experiments in large-scale structure. These experiments, composed of data from SDSS, SDSS-II, BOSS, and eBOSS, offer independent measurements of baryon acoustic oscillation (BAO) measurements of angular-diameter distances and Hubble distances relative to the sound horizon, $r_d$, from eight different samples and six measurements of the growth rate parameter, $f\sigma_8$, from redshift-space distortions (RSD). This composite sample is the most constraining of its kind and allows us to perform a comprehensive assessment of the cosmological model after two decades of dedicated spectroscopic observation. We show that the BAO data alone are able to rule out dark-energy-free models at more than eight standard deviations in an extension to the flat, $\Lambda$CDM model that allows for curvature. When combined with Planck Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) measurements of temperature and polarization the BAO data provide nearly an order of magnitude improvement on curvature constraints. The RSD measurements indicate a growth rate that is consistent with predictions from Planck primary data and with General Relativity. When combining the results of SDSS BAO and RSD with external data, all multiple-parameter extensions remain consistent with a $\Lambda$CDM model. Regardless of cosmological model, the precision on $\Omega_\Lambda$, $H_0$, and $\sigma_8$, remains at roughly 1\%, showing changes of less than 0.6\% in the central values between models. The inverse distance ladder measurement under a o$w_0w_a$CDM yields $H_0= 68.20 \pm 0.81 \, \rm km\, s^{-1} Mpc^{-1}$, remaining in tension with several direct determination methods. (abridged)
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representative citing papers
Two-loop EFT galaxy power spectrum achieves per-mille agreement with simulations to k=0.85 h/Mpc and yields three times narrower unbiased σ8 errors than linear theory.
First GI BAO measurement from DES Y3 photometric data yields α = 0.966 ± 0.252, consistent with density BAO α = 0.966 ± 0.037 at 0.86σ detection.
Bubble collisions in a seesaw model produce right-handed neutrinos that source novel gravitational waves detectable by LISA, ET, and LVK while allowing the lightest RHN to explain dark matter or enable leptogenesis.
DESI DR2 BAO data exhibits 2.3 sigma tension with CMB in Lambda-CDM but prefers evolving dark energy (w0 > -1, wa < 0) at 3.1 sigma with CMB and 2.8-4.2 sigma when including supernovae.
First-year DESI BAO data are consistent with flat LambdaCDM and, when combined with CMB, show a 2.5-3.9 sigma preference for evolving dark energy (w0 > -1, wa < 0) that strengthens with certain supernova datasets.
DESI measures BAO scales in six redshift bins with 0.52% combined precision using 5.7 million objects, detecting the signal at up to 9.1 sigma and finding larger scales than Planck LCDM at z<0.8.
Angular power spectra of 610 MHz radio halos show excess power-law fluctuations only in Abell 2744, requiring multiplicative C_ℓ ∝ ℓ^{-3} structure atop an exponential profile and consistent with ICM turbulence.
A catalog of 7190 confirmed galaxy clusters from 5-year SPT-3G SZ observations spanning masses 7.9e13 to 1.6e15 solar masses and redshifts 0.037 to >2.
Optimal redshift weighting on eBOSS QSO full-shape data reduces uncertainties on H0 by 43.3%, σ8 by 19.7%, w0 by 20.5% and produces a bounded posterior on wa in the CPL model.
A minimal dark SU(2)_D model with anomaly cancellation and Z4 symmetry generates a rank-two Dirac neutrino mass matrix enforcing one exactly massless neutrino.
BOSS + eBOSS galaxy clustering favors a featureless, quasi-scale-invariant primordial spectrum, with a reconstructed spectral index n_s = 0.976 ± 0.021.
Semi-analytical calculation of void-galaxy cross-correlation multipoles in Hu-Sawicki f(R) gravity reveals size-dependent deviations from LambdaCDM up to 29.7 percent for small voids, amplified by nonlinear evolution and potentially observable in Stage-IV surveys.
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kSZ measurements constrain the gravitational acceleration between galaxy halos to follow g ∝ 1/r^{2.1±0.3}, consistent with Newtonian gravity in ΛCDM.
First model-light constraints on Ω_R + 3Ω_Q from Pantheon+ and BAO reconstructions are consistent with flat FLRW yet too broad to exclude percent-level backreaction.
SN peculiar velocities combined with Planck CMB yield simultaneous constraints on σ8, γ and Ωk, with ~2σ preference for positive curvature and GR-consistent growth.
Bootstrap symbolic regression of SN+BAO data yields mild 2–4σ FLRW consistency deviations and a density field still compatible with both Planck and SH0ES ΛCDM.
Quintessence potential decreases monotonically with redshift while kinetic energy crosses zero near z=1, with negative values at intermediate redshifts being statistical artifacts from derivative reconstruction.
DESI DR1 full-shape clustering yields Ω_m = 0.2962 ± 0.0095 and σ_8 = 0.842 ± 0.034 in flat ΛCDM, tightening to H_0 = 68.40 ± 0.27 km/s/Mpc with CMB and DESY3, while favoring w_0 > -1, w_a < 0 and limiting neutrino mass sum to < 0.071 eV.
DESI DR1 full-shape galaxy clustering constrains Omega_m = 0.296 ± 0.010, H0 = 68.63 ± 0.79 km/s/Mpc, and sigma_8 = 0.841 ± 0.034, consistent with LambdaCDM and Planck.
DESI measures BAO from the Lyα forest at z_eff=2.33, reporting H(z) = (239.2 ± 4.8) (147.09 Mpc/rd) km/s/Mpc and DM(z) = (5.84 ± 0.14) (rd/147.09 Mpc) Gpc.
DES Y3 3x2pt analysis constrains S8=0.776±0.017 and Ωm=0.339±0.032 in flat ΛCDM, consistent with Planck CMB results at p=0.13-0.48.
Fermion-condensate vacuum energy plus Buchert backreaction from nonlinear structure formation yields a low-redshift phantom crossing consistent with DESI+CMB+SNIa data for a chosen backreaction density.
citing papers explorer
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TopoFisher: Learning Topological Summary Statistics by Maximizing Fisher Information
TopoFisher optimizes trainable filtrations, vectorizations, and compressors in persistent homology to maximize Fisher information, yielding higher information than fixed cosmological summaries and approaching neural baselines with far fewer parameters while generalizing better under simulator shifts
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Galaxy Power Spectrum at Two-Loop Order: Implications for Weak Lensing Surveys and New Physics
Two-loop EFT galaxy power spectrum achieves per-mille agreement with simulations to k=0.85 h/Mpc and yields three times narrower unbiased σ8 errors than linear theory.
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Density-Shear Baryon Acoustic Oscillation as a Cosmological Consistency Check
First GI BAO measurement from DES Y3 photometric data yields α = 0.966 ± 0.252, consistent with density BAO α = 0.966 ± 0.037 at 0.86σ detection.
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Cosmic Collider Gravitational Waves sourced by Right-handed Neutrino production from Bubbles: Testing Seesaw, Leptogenesis and Dark Matter
Bubble collisions in a seesaw model produce right-handed neutrinos that source novel gravitational waves detectable by LISA, ET, and LVK while allowing the lightest RHN to explain dark matter or enable leptogenesis.
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DESI DR2 Results II: Measurements of Baryon Acoustic Oscillations and Cosmological Constraints
DESI DR2 BAO data exhibits 2.3 sigma tension with CMB in Lambda-CDM but prefers evolving dark energy (w0 > -1, wa < 0) at 3.1 sigma with CMB and 2.8-4.2 sigma when including supernovae.
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DESI 2024 VI: Cosmological Constraints from the Measurements of Baryon Acoustic Oscillations
First-year DESI BAO data are consistent with flat LambdaCDM and, when combined with CMB, show a 2.5-3.9 sigma preference for evolving dark energy (w0 > -1, wa < 0) that strengthens with certain supernova datasets.
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DESI 2024 III: Baryon Acoustic Oscillations from Galaxies and Quasars
DESI measures BAO scales in six redshift bins with 0.52% combined precision using 5.7 million objects, detecting the signal at up to 9.1 sigma and finding larger scales than Planck LCDM at z<0.8.
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Intensity fluctuations of radio halo in galaxy cluster: Insights from power spectrum estimation
Angular power spectra of 610 MHz radio halos show excess power-law fluctuations only in Abell 2744, requiring multiplicative C_ℓ ∝ ℓ^{-3} structure atop an exponential profile and consistent with ICM turbulence.
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Galaxy Clusters Selected via the Sunyaev-Zel'dovich Effect in 5 year data from the SPT-3G Main Survey
A catalog of 7190 confirmed galaxy clusters from 5-year SPT-3G SZ observations spanning masses 7.9e13 to 1.6e15 solar masses and redshifts 0.037 to >2.
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Cosmological inference from the eBOSS QSO full-shape analysis with optimal redshift weights
Optimal redshift weighting on eBOSS QSO full-shape data reduces uncertainties on H0 by 43.3%, σ8 by 19.7%, w0 by 20.5% and produces a bounded posterior on wa in the CPL model.
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A Minimal Dark $SU(2)$ Origin of a Massless Dirac Neutrino
A minimal dark SU(2)_D model with anomaly cancellation and Z4 symmetry generates a rank-two Dirac neutrino mass matrix enforcing one exactly massless neutrino.
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Primordial power spectrum reconstructions from BOSS + eBOSS
BOSS + eBOSS galaxy clustering favors a featureless, quasi-scale-invariant primordial spectrum, with a reconstructed spectral index n_s = 0.976 ± 0.021.
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Unveiling $f(R)$ Gravity with Void-Galaxy Cross-Correlation Multipoles
Semi-analytical calculation of void-galaxy cross-correlation multipoles in Hu-Sawicki f(R) gravity reveals size-dependent deviations from LambdaCDM up to 29.7 percent for small voids, amplified by nonlinear evolution and potentially observable in Stage-IV surveys.
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A cosmology-to-ringdown EFT consistency map for scalar-tensor gravity
An EFT consistency map transports cosmology-conditioned posteriors from scalar-tensor FLRW backgrounds to black-hole quasinormal-mode kernels, showing tensor-speed effects fall below ringdown detectability while other operators remain potentially active near black holes.
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The Atacama Cosmology Telescope: A Test of the Gravitational Force Law on Cosmological Scales Using the Kinematic Sunyaev-Zeldovich Effect
kSZ measurements constrain the gravitational acceleration between galaxy halos to follow g ∝ 1/r^{2.1±0.3}, consistent with Newtonian gravity in ΛCDM.
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A First Observational Assessment of Cosmic Backreaction Over an Extended Redshift Range
First model-light constraints on Ω_R + 3Ω_Q from Pantheon+ and BAO reconstructions are consistent with flat FLRW yet too broad to exclude percent-level backreaction.
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Joint Curvature and Growth Rate measurements with Supernova Peculiar Velocities and the CMB
SN peculiar velocities combined with Planck CMB yield simultaneous constraints on σ8, γ and Ωk, with ~2σ preference for positive curvature and GR-consistent growth.
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Model-independent constraints on generalized FLRW consistency relations with bootstrap-based symbolic regression
Bootstrap symbolic regression of SN+BAO data yields mild 2–4σ FLRW consistency deviations and a density field still compatible with both Planck and SH0ES ΛCDM.
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Model-Independent Reconstruction of Quintessence Potential and Kinetic Energy from DESI DR2 and Pantheon+ Supernovae
Quintessence potential decreases monotonically with redshift while kinetic energy crosses zero near z=1, with negative values at intermediate redshifts being statistical artifacts from derivative reconstruction.
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DESI 2024 VII: Cosmological Constraints from the Full-Shape Modeling of Clustering Measurements
DESI DR1 full-shape clustering yields Ω_m = 0.2962 ± 0.0095 and σ_8 = 0.842 ± 0.034 in flat ΛCDM, tightening to H_0 = 68.40 ± 0.27 km/s/Mpc with CMB and DESY3, while favoring w_0 > -1, w_a < 0 and limiting neutrino mass sum to < 0.071 eV.
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DESI 2024 V: Full-Shape Galaxy Clustering from Galaxies and Quasars
DESI DR1 full-shape galaxy clustering constrains Omega_m = 0.296 ± 0.010, H0 = 68.63 ± 0.79 km/s/Mpc, and sigma_8 = 0.841 ± 0.034, consistent with LambdaCDM and Planck.
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DESI 2024 IV: Baryon Acoustic Oscillations from the Lyman Alpha Forest
DESI measures BAO from the Lyα forest at z_eff=2.33, reporting H(z) = (239.2 ± 4.8) (147.09 Mpc/rd) km/s/Mpc and DM(z) = (5.84 ± 0.14) (rd/147.09 Mpc) Gpc.
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Dark Energy Survey Year 3 Results: Cosmological Constraints from Galaxy Clustering and Weak Lensing
DES Y3 3x2pt analysis constrains S8=0.776±0.017 and Ωm=0.339±0.032 in flat ΛCDM, consistent with Planck CMB results at p=0.13-0.48.
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Phantom crossing from the Standard Model and General Relativity
Fermion-condensate vacuum energy plus Buchert backreaction from nonlinear structure formation yields a low-redshift phantom crossing consistent with DESI+CMB+SNIa data for a chosen backreaction density.
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Modified Cosmology from Mass-to-Horizon Relation: Background Evolution
Generalized horizon-entropy models are cosmologically viable only within a narrow window around the Bekenstein–Hawking area law; all surviving models mimic ΛCDM.
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Evolving Dark Energy Is Vacuum Energy After All
A QCD-vacuum dark-energy model with a two-parameter switch reproduces the DESI-preferred late-time expansion and is mildly favoured over ΛCDM by Bayesian evidence (lnB≈2.7).
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Synergy between the gravitational potential decay rate and other structure growth probes in testing gravity
Combining gravitational-potential decay-rate (DR) data with Σ8 and fσ8 growth measurements tightens modified-gravity parameter constraints by ~1.5–2×, with all results consistent with general relativity.
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Mass-Varying Neutrinos from an Inverse Symmetron
An inverse symmetron model for mass-varying neutrinos tames linear instabilities, suppresses matter power spectrum, and may address the Hubble tension via early dark energy around recombination.
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Reconstructing dark energy with fewer assumptions
Bin-wise uncorrelated reconstruction from DESI/SDSS BAO and Pantheon+/Union3.1/DES-Dovekie supernovae yields dark energy density peaking then declining and equation of state oscillating with phantom crossing near z~0.7, consistent across datasets at moderate significance.
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Do equation of state parametrizations of dark energy faithfully capture the dynamics of the late universe?
Node-based reconstruction of cosmic expansion prefers stronger deceleration at z≈1.7 than smooth DE EoS parametrizations, isolating z~1.5-2 as a window where the latter may compress localized kinematic features permitted by current data.
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Beyond the Cosmological Constant: Breaking the Geometric Degeneracy of $ f(Q) $ cosmology via Redshift-Space Distortions
Hybrid f(Q) cosmology with a 1/Q term is forced into background degeneracy with LambdaCDM but breaks it in the growth sector, yielding moderate preference over LambdaCDM when RSD data are included while leaving the background unchanged.
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Revisiting the Matter Creation Process: Observational Constraints on Gravitationally Induced Dark Energy and the Hubble Tension
Gravitationally induced particle creation models fit cosmological data as well as ΛCDM and reduce the Hubble tension from 4.3σ to 2.4–3σ.
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Illuminating the Dark Sector: Understanding Modified Gravity Signatures with Cross-Correlations of Gravitational Waves and Large-Scale Structure
A 10x2-point LSS x GW forecast shows ~2x gains on sigma8 in LCDM, ~30% on Sigma0 and only marginal gains on mu0, with GW weak lensing doing most of the work.
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Counting voids and filaments: Betti Curves as a Powerful Probe for Cosmology
Betti curves from persistent homology of large-scale structure provide complementary cosmological constraints on ns, sigma8, and Om, with tighter bounds when analyzed jointly with the power spectrum.
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Combined tracer analysis for DESI 2024 BAO
Combining LRG and ELG tracers with bias weighting improves BAO constraints by 11% on alpha_iso and 7% on alpha_AP in DESI DR1 data for the 0.8<z<1.1 bin.
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Resolving the Planck-DESI tension by nonminimally coupled quintessence
Non-minimally coupled quintessence resolves the Planck-DESI Ω_m tension at >3σ while the effective equation of state stays above w=-1 and other tensions on neutrino mass and growth rate are relieved.
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Constraints on Neutrino Physics from DESI DR2 BAO and DR1 Full Shape
DESI DR2 BAO and full-shape data plus CMB yield ∑m_ν < 0.0642 eV (95% CL) under ΛCDM, in 3σ tension with oscillation lower limits, relaxed to <0.163 eV in w0waCDM.
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CMB lensing from Planck PR4 maps
Planck PR4 maps with optimal filtering yield CMB lensing amplitude 1.004 ± 0.024 and σ8 Ωm^0.25 = 0.599 ± 0.016, the tightest lensing constraint yet.
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Correcting the hydrostatic mass for non-thermal gas motions: a comparison of two approaches
The two correction approaches differ in their radial dependence in 3D but agree to within a few percent in projected observations, with the non-thermal pressure fraction underestimated by a factor of about 2.
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DESI DR2 Reference Mocks: Clustering results from UCHUU ELGs and QSOs
Mock catalogs for DESI DR2 ELGs and QSOs are constructed via modified subhalo abundance matching on the Uchuu simulation to reproduce observed number density and clustering statistics.
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Galaxy formation in modified gravity -- II. galaxy halo connection and assembly bias
Simulations in f(R) gravity show that environment density in the HOD model reduces assembly bias effects to 2-3% at z≲0.5 in both ΛCDM and modified gravity.
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Geometric Matching of Local Static Regions in Cosmological Spacetimes with an Evolving Lapse
Embedding a static Schwarzschild interior into a GCT-FLRW exterior via Israel junction conditions produces a geometric consistency condition that coincides with the GCT background equations.
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From Large Telescopes to the MUltiplexed Survey Telescope (MUST)
MUST is a new 6.5 m telescope designed to deliver simultaneous optical spectra for over 20,000 targets across a 5 deg² field, enabling the largest 3D spectroscopic map of the Universe with redshifts for more than 100 million objects over an 8-year survey.
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Testing $\Lambda$CDM with ANN-Reconstructed Expansion History from Cosmic Chronometers
The ANN-reconstructed Hubble parameter H(z) from cosmic chronometers aligns with Lambda CDM predictions within uncertainties.
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Coupled Dark Energy and Dark Matter for DESI: An Effective Guide to the Phantom Divide
Coupled quintessence-dark matter models can produce an apparent phantom-crossing effective equation of state matching DESI preferences if the scalar field begins frozen in the radiation era.
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Interacting $k$-essence field with non-pressureless Dark Matter: Cosmological Dynamics and Observational Constraints
Interacting k-essence dark energy and non-pressureless dark matter models with two interaction forms are shown to reproduce major cosmological epochs and fit observations comparably to LambdaCDM while admitting late-time de Sitter attractors.
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Interacting bosonic dark energy and fermionic dark matter in Einstein scalar Gauss-Bonnet gravity
Models of interacting bosonic dark energy and fermionic dark matter in Einstein-scalar-Gauss-Bonnet gravity with exponential and power-law potentials are dynamically analyzed and constrained by observational data, showing consistency with LambdaCDM.
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New Insights into Dark Energy from DESI DR2 with CMB and SNIa
Systematic dataset swaps show DESY5 low-redshift SNIa, Planck CMB plus lensing, and DESI-DR2 BAO as the dominant sources of w0waCDM tension with ΛCDM, while other combinations remain consistent.
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Interacting Scalar Fields as Dark Energy and Dark Matter in Einstein scalar Gauss Bonnet Gravity
Interacting scalar fields coupled to Gauss-Bonnet gravity yield viable dark energy and dark matter models that match Pantheon+ and DES supernova data while preferring over LambdaCDM at high redshifts with Roman mocks.
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Revisiting $\Lambda$CDM extensions in light of re-analyzed CMB data
Re-analysis with PR4 Planck likelihoods reduces lensing anomaly significance and curvature preference in Lambda CDM extensions while indicating a preference for evolving dark energy consistent with DESI.