AutoResearchBench is a new benchmark showing top AI agents achieve under 10% success on complex scientific literature discovery tasks that demand deep comprehension and open-ended search.
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Search-o1: Agentic Search-Enhanced Large Reasoning Models
23 Pith papers cite this work. Polarity classification is still indexing.
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abstract
Large reasoning models (LRMs) like OpenAI-o1 have demonstrated impressive long stepwise reasoning capabilities through large-scale reinforcement learning. However, their extended reasoning processes often suffer from knowledge insufficiency, leading to frequent uncertainties and potential errors. To address this limitation, we introduce \textbf{Search-o1}, a framework that enhances LRMs with an agentic retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) mechanism and a Reason-in-Documents module for refining retrieved documents. Search-o1 integrates an agentic search workflow into the reasoning process, enabling dynamic retrieval of external knowledge when LRMs encounter uncertain knowledge points. Additionally, due to the verbose nature of retrieved documents, we design a separate Reason-in-Documents module to deeply analyze the retrieved information before injecting it into the reasoning chain, minimizing noise and preserving coherent reasoning flow. Extensive experiments on complex reasoning tasks in science, mathematics, and coding, as well as six open-domain QA benchmarks, demonstrate the strong performance of Search-o1. This approach enhances the trustworthiness and applicability of LRMs in complex reasoning tasks, paving the way for more reliable and versatile intelligent systems. The code is available at \url{https://github.com/sunnynexus/Search-o1}.
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A VOI-based controller for dual inference budgets improves multi-hop QA performance by prioritizing search actions and selectively finalizing answers.
ReflectMT internalizes reflection via two-stage RL to enable direct high-quality machine translation that outperforms explicit reasoning models like DeepSeek-R1 on WMT24 while using 94% fewer tokens.
A single query-specific poisoned document, built by extracting and iteratively refining an adversarial chain-of-thought, can substantially degrade reasoning accuracy in retrieval-augmented LLM systems.
Agentic search narrows the gap between dense RAG and GraphRAG but does not remove GraphRAG's advantage on complex multi-hop reasoning.
TokenHD uses a scalable data synthesis engine and importance-weighted training to create token-level hallucination detectors that work on free-form text and scale from 0.6B to 8B parameters, outperforming larger reasoning models.
SLIM dynamically optimizes active external skills in agentic RL via leave-one-skill-out marginal contribution estimates and three lifecycle operations, outperforming baselines by 7.1% on ALFWorld and SearchQA while showing some skills are internalized and others remain external.
ComplexMCP benchmark shows current LLM agents achieve at most 60% success on interdependent tool tasks versus 90% for humans, due to tool retrieval saturation, over-confidence, and strategic defeatism.
SearchSkill introduces an evolving SkillBank and two-stage SFT to make LLM search query planning explicit via skill selection, improving exact match on QA benchmarks and retrieval behavior.
Attention-based models can retrieve evidence intrinsically by using decoder attention to score and reuse their own pre-encoded chunks, outperforming separate retrieval pipelines on QA benchmarks.
Verbal-R3 uses a verbal reranker to generate analytic narratives that guide retrieval and reasoning in LLMs, achieving SOTA results on complex QA benchmarks.
GRIL uses stage-specific RL rewards to train LLMs to detect missing premises, pause proactively, and resume grounded reasoning after clarification, yielding up to 45% better premise detection and 30% higher task success on insufficient math datasets.
MemSearch-o1 mitigates memory dilution in agentic LLM search through reasoning-aligned token-level memory growth, retracing with a contribution function, and path reorganization, improving reasoning activation on benchmarks.
Reasoning Memory decomposes reasoning trajectories into 32 million subquestion-subroutine pairs and retrieves them via in-thought prompts to improve language model performance on math, science, and coding benchmarks by up to 19.2%.
AgenticRAG equips an LLM with iterative retrieval and navigation tools, delivering 49.6% recall@1 on BRIGHT, 0.96 factuality on WixQA, and 92% correctness on FinanceBench.
Denoising to maximize usable evidence density and verifiability is becoming the primary bottleneck in LLM-oriented information retrieval, conceptualized via a four-stage framework and addressed through a pipeline taxonomy of optimization techniques.
CroSearch-R1 applies search-augmented RL with cross-lingual integration and multilingual rollouts to improve RAG effectiveness on multilingual collections.
SAKE is an agentic framework for GMNER that uses uncertainty-based self-awareness and reinforcement learning to balance internal knowledge exploitation with adaptive external exploration.
E3-TIR integrates expert prefixes, guided branches, and self-exploration via mix policy optimization to deliver 6% better tool-use performance with under 10% of the usual synthetic data and 1.46x ROI.
HiExp extracts hierarchical experience knowledge from reasoning trajectories via contrastive analysis and clustering to regularize RL training, turning stochastic exploration into strategic search with reported gains in performance and generalization.
UI-TARS-2 reaches 88.2 on Online-Mind2Web, 47.5 on OSWorld, 50.6 on WindowsAgentArena, and 73.3 on AndroidWorld while attaining 59.8 mean normalized score on a 15-game suite through multi-turn RL and scalable data generation.
Structured query and evidence tools added to an AI research agent improve benchmark accuracy by 0.6 to 3.8 percentage points.
The survey organizes the shift of LLMs toward deliberate System 2 reasoning, covering model construction techniques, performance on math and coding benchmarks, and future research directions.
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AutoResearchBench: Benchmarking AI Agents on Complex Scientific Literature Discovery
AutoResearchBench is a new benchmark showing top AI agents achieve under 10% success on complex scientific literature discovery tasks that demand deep comprehension and open-ended search.
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Inference-Time Budget Control for LLM Search Agents
A VOI-based controller for dual inference budgets improves multi-hop QA performance by prioritizing search actions and selectively finalizing answers.
-
ReflectMT: Internalizing Reflection for Efficient and High-Quality Machine Translation
ReflectMT internalizes reflection via two-stage RL to enable direct high-quality machine translation that outperforms explicit reasoning models like DeepSeek-R1 on WMT24 while using 94% fewer tokens.
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AdversarialCoT: Single-Document Retrieval Poisoning for LLM Reasoning
A single query-specific poisoned document, built by extracting and iteratively refining an adversarial chain-of-thought, can substantially degrade reasoning accuracy in retrieval-augmented LLM systems.
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Do We Still Need GraphRAG? Benchmarking RAG and GraphRAG for Agentic Search Systems
Agentic search narrows the gap between dense RAG and GraphRAG but does not remove GraphRAG's advantage on complex multi-hop reasoning.
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Scalable Token-Level Hallucination Detection in Large Language Models
TokenHD uses a scalable data synthesis engine and importance-weighted training to create token-level hallucination detectors that work on free-form text and scale from 0.6B to 8B parameters, outperforming larger reasoning models.
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Dynamic Skill Lifecycle Management for Agentic Reinforcement Learning
SLIM dynamically optimizes active external skills in agentic RL via leave-one-skill-out marginal contribution estimates and three lifecycle operations, outperforming baselines by 7.1% on ALFWorld and SearchQA while showing some skills are internalized and others remain external.
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ComplexMCP: Evaluation of LLM Agents in Dynamic, Interdependent, and Large-Scale Tool Sandbox
ComplexMCP benchmark shows current LLM agents achieve at most 60% success on interdependent tool tasks versus 90% for humans, due to tool retrieval saturation, over-confidence, and strategic defeatism.
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SearchSkill: Teaching LLMs to Use Search Tools with Evolving Skill Banks
SearchSkill introduces an evolving SkillBank and two-stage SFT to make LLM search query planning explicit via skill selection, improving exact match on QA benchmarks and retrieval behavior.
-
Retrieval from Within: An Intrinsic Capability of Attention-Based Models
Attention-based models can retrieve evidence intrinsically by using decoder attention to score and reuse their own pre-encoded chunks, outperforming separate retrieval pipelines on QA benchmarks.
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Verbal-R3: Verbal Reranker as the Missing Bridge between Retrieval and Reasoning
Verbal-R3 uses a verbal reranker to generate analytic narratives that guide retrieval and reasoning in LLMs, achieving SOTA results on complex QA benchmarks.
-
Pause or Fabricate? Training Language Models for Grounded Reasoning
GRIL uses stage-specific RL rewards to train LLMs to detect missing premises, pause proactively, and resume grounded reasoning after clarification, yielding up to 45% better premise detection and 30% higher task success on insufficient math datasets.
-
MemSearch-o1: Empowering Large Language Models with Reasoning-Aligned Memory Growth in Agentic Search
MemSearch-o1 mitigates memory dilution in agentic LLM search through reasoning-aligned token-level memory growth, retracing with a contribution function, and path reorganization, improving reasoning activation on benchmarks.
-
Procedural Knowledge at Scale Improves Reasoning
Reasoning Memory decomposes reasoning trajectories into 32 million subquestion-subroutine pairs and retrieves them via in-thought prompts to improve language model performance on math, science, and coding benchmarks by up to 19.2%.
-
AgenticRAG: Agentic Retrieval for Enterprise Knowledge Bases
AgenticRAG equips an LLM with iterative retrieval and navigation tools, delivering 49.6% recall@1 on BRIGHT, 0.96 factuality on WixQA, and 92% correctness on FinanceBench.
-
LLM-Oriented Information Retrieval: A Denoising-First Perspective
Denoising to maximize usable evidence density and verifiability is becoming the primary bottleneck in LLM-oriented information retrieval, conceptualized via a four-stage framework and addressed through a pipeline taxonomy of optimization techniques.
-
CroSearch-R1: Better Leveraging Cross-lingual Knowledge for Retrieval-Augmented Generation
CroSearch-R1 applies search-augmented RL with cross-lingual integration and multilingual rollouts to improve RAG effectiveness on multilingual collections.
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SAKE: Self-aware Knowledge Exploitation-Exploration for Grounded Multimodal Named Entity Recognition
SAKE is an agentic framework for GMNER that uses uncertainty-based self-awareness and reinforcement learning to balance internal knowledge exploitation with adaptive external exploration.
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E3-TIR: Enhanced Experience Exploitation for Tool-Integrated Reasoning
E3-TIR integrates expert prefixes, guided branches, and self-exploration via mix policy optimization to deliver 6% better tool-use performance with under 10% of the usual synthetic data and 1.46x ROI.
-
Beyond Stochastic Exploration: What Makes Training Data Valuable for Agentic Search
HiExp extracts hierarchical experience knowledge from reasoning trajectories via contrastive analysis and clustering to regularize RL training, turning stochastic exploration into strategic search with reported gains in performance and generalization.
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UI-TARS-2 Technical Report: Advancing GUI Agent with Multi-Turn Reinforcement Learning
UI-TARS-2 reaches 88.2 on Online-Mind2Web, 47.5 on OSWorld, 50.6 on WindowsAgentArena, and 73.3 on AndroidWorld while attaining 59.8 mean normalized score on a 15-game suite through multi-turn RL and scalable data generation.
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EigentSearch-Q+: Enhancing Deep Research Agents with Structured Reasoning Tools
Structured query and evidence tools added to an AI research agent improve benchmark accuracy by 0.6 to 3.8 percentage points.
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From System 1 to System 2: A Survey of Reasoning Large Language Models
The survey organizes the shift of LLMs toward deliberate System 2 reasoning, covering model construction techniques, performance on math and coding benchmarks, and future research directions.