TraceAV-Bench is the first benchmark for multi-hop trajectory reasoning over long audio-visual videos, showing top models reach only 51-68% accuracy with substantial room for improvement.
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MiniCPM-V: A GPT-4V Level MLLM on Your Phone
Baseline reference. 62% of citing Pith papers use this work as a benchmark or comparison.
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abstract
The recent surge of Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) has fundamentally reshaped the landscape of AI research and industry, shedding light on a promising path toward the next AI milestone. However, significant challenges remain preventing MLLMs from being practical in real-world applications. The most notable challenge comes from the huge cost of running an MLLM with a massive number of parameters and extensive computation. As a result, most MLLMs need to be deployed on high-performing cloud servers, which greatly limits their application scopes such as mobile, offline, energy-sensitive, and privacy-protective scenarios. In this work, we present MiniCPM-V, a series of efficient MLLMs deployable on end-side devices. By integrating the latest MLLM techniques in architecture, pretraining and alignment, the latest MiniCPM-Llama3-V 2.5 has several notable features: (1) Strong performance, outperforming GPT-4V-1106, Gemini Pro and Claude 3 on OpenCompass, a comprehensive evaluation over 11 popular benchmarks, (2) strong OCR capability and 1.8M pixel high-resolution image perception at any aspect ratio, (3) trustworthy behavior with low hallucination rates, (4) multilingual support for 30+ languages, and (5) efficient deployment on mobile phones. More importantly, MiniCPM-V can be viewed as a representative example of a promising trend: The model sizes for achieving usable (e.g., GPT-4V) level performance are rapidly decreasing, along with the fast growth of end-side computation capacity. This jointly shows that GPT-4V level MLLMs deployed on end devices are becoming increasingly possible, unlocking a wider spectrum of real-world AI applications in the near future.
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- abstract The recent surge of Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) has fundamentally reshaped the landscape of AI research and industry, shedding light on a promising path toward the next AI milestone. However, significant challenges remain preventing MLLMs from being practical in real-world applications. The most notable challenge comes from the huge cost of running an MLLM with a massive number of parameters and extensive computation. As a result, most MLLMs need to be deployed on high-performing cloud servers, which greatly limits their application scopes such as mobile, offline, energy-sensitive
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representative citing papers
MedHorizon benchmark reveals current multimodal LLMs achieve only 41.1% accuracy on long medical videos due to failures in sparse evidence retrieval and procedural reasoning.
SpikeMLLM is the first spike-based MLLM framework that maintains near-lossless performance under aggressive timestep compression and delivers 9x throughput and 25x power efficiency gains via a custom RTL accelerator.
EgoSound is a new benchmark with 7315 QA pairs across seven tasks to evaluate egocentric sound understanding in multimodal large language models.
ErrorRadar is a new benchmark of 2,500 multimodal K-12 math problems for MLLM error step identification and categorization, where GPT-4o trails human experts by ~10%.
Molmo VLMs trained on newly collected PixMo open datasets achieve state-of-the-art performance among open-weight models and surpass multiple proprietary VLMs including Claude 3.5 Sonnet and Gemini 1.5 Pro.
MMMU-Pro is a stricter multimodal benchmark that removes text-only solvable questions, augments options, and requires reading text from images, yielding substantially lower model scores of 16.8-26.9%.
Introduces the Grounded Personality Reasoning task and MM-OCEAN dataset to show that MLLMs frequently produce correct Big Five personality ratings without grounding them in observable video evidence.
LatentOmni proposes a latent-space cross-modal reasoning framework that uses feature-level supervision and Omni-Sync Position Embedding to align and synchronize audio-visual latents, supported by a new 35K interleaved reasoning dataset and showing gains over text CoT baselines.
CBT-Audio dataset shows that adding audio input improves distress intensity estimation over transcripts alone for 8 of 10 audio language models, with clearest gains when verbal content and vocal delivery diverge.
Omni-DuplexEval creates a new benchmark and LLM-as-a-Judge framework for real-time duplex omni-modal interaction, revealing that current models score below 40% overall and struggle especially with proactive responses.
PAGER achieves 4.1x higher task success in point-precise geometric GUI control by combining topology-aware planning with precision-aligned reinforcement learning on the new PAGE Bench dataset of 4,906 problems.
A proposer-solver agent pair achieves supervised-level video temporal grounding and fine-grained captioning from 2.5K unlabeled videos via self-reinforcing evolution.
TOC-Bench is a new diagnostic benchmark that reveals major weaknesses in temporal object consistency for Video-LLMs, including event counting, ordering, identity reasoning, and hallucination avoidance.
Introduces QCalEval benchmark showing best zero-shot VLM score of 72.3 on quantum calibration plots, with fine-tuning and in-context learning effects varying by model type.
CGC improves fine-grained multi-image understanding in MLLMs by constructing contrastive training instances from existing single-image annotations and adding a rule-based spatial reward, achieving SOTA on MIG-Bench and VLM2-Bench with transfer gains to other multimodal tasks.
SportsTime benchmark and CoTR method improve multimodal AI's temporal compositional reasoning and evidence grounding in long-form sports videos.
A new benchmark converts video clips into shared grounded event records and tests models across physics, semantic, and control prompts under original, shuffled, ablated, and masked conditions, finding selective robustness and weak spatial performance.
WildFireVQA is a new large-scale visual question answering benchmark that pairs RGB imagery with radiometric thermal measurements for aerial wildfire monitoring across six task categories.
Ghost-100 benchmark shows prompt tone drives hallucination rates and intensities in VLMs, with non-monotonic peaks at intermediate pressure and task-specific differences that aggregate metrics hide.
Introduces culture-aware humorous captioning task and staged alignment framework that improves contextual fit and balances image relevance with humor in multimodal LLMs.
OASIS organizes streaming video into hierarchical events and retrieves memory on-demand via intent-driven refinement to improve long-horizon accuracy and compositional reasoning with bounded token costs.
MNAFT identifies language-agnostic and language-specific neurons via activation analysis and selectively fine-tunes only relevant ones in MLLMs to close the modality gap and outperform full fine-tuning and other methods on image translation benchmarks.
Paza is a zero-shot, model-agnostic pipeline that uses behavioral pre-filters on cheap object and pose models to trigger expensive VLMs only when needed, delivering 89.5% precision and 92.8% specificity on a synthesized shoplifting dataset at far lower cost than trained alternatives.
citing papers explorer
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TraceAV-Bench: Benchmarking Multi-Hop Trajectory Reasoning over Long Audio-Visual Videos
TraceAV-Bench is the first benchmark for multi-hop trajectory reasoning over long audio-visual videos, showing top models reach only 51-68% accuracy with substantial room for improvement.
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Molmo and PixMo: Open Weights and Open Data for State-of-the-Art Vision-Language Models
Molmo VLMs trained on newly collected PixMo open datasets achieve state-of-the-art performance among open-weight models and surpass multiple proprietary VLMs including Claude 3.5 Sonnet and Gemini 1.5 Pro.
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LLM-as-Judge Framework for Evaluating Tone-Induced Hallucination in Vision-Language Models
Ghost-100 benchmark shows prompt tone drives hallucination rates and intensities in VLMs, with non-monotonic peaks at intermediate pressure and task-specific differences that aggregate metrics hide.
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UIPress: Bringing Optical Token Compression to UI-to-Code Generation
UIPress is the first encoder-side learned optical compression method for UI-to-Code that compresses visual tokens to 256, outperforming the uncompressed baseline by 7.5% CLIP score and the best inference-time baseline by 4.6% while delivering 9.1x TTFT speedup.
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GME: Improving Universal Multimodal Retrieval by Multimodal LLMs
GME achieves state-of-the-art results in universal multimodal retrieval by training on a balanced synthetic multimodal dataset.
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MiniCPM-o 4.5: Towards Real-Time Full-Duplex Omni-Modal Interaction
MiniCPM-o 4.5 uses the Omni-Flow streaming framework to deliver real-time full-duplex omni-modal interaction with proactive behavior in a 9B model that approaches Gemini 2.5 Flash performance.
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See Further, Think Deeper: Advancing VLM's Reasoning Ability with Low-level Visual Cues and Reflection
ForeSight lets VLMs use low-level visual cues and mask-based visual feedback within an RL loop to reason more accurately, with the 7B model beating same-scale peers and some closed-source SOTA on a new benchmark.
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Graph-to-Frame RAG: Visual-Space Knowledge Fusion for Training-Free and Auditable Video Reasoning
G2F-RAG converts retrieved knowledge subgraphs into a single visual reasoning frame appended to videos, enabling training-free and interpretable improvements for LMM-based video reasoning on knowledge-intensive tasks.
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SkyReels-V2: Infinite-length Film Generative Model
SkyReels-V2 produces infinite-length film videos via MLLM-based captioning, progressive pretraining, motion RL, and diffusion forcing with non-decreasing noise schedules.
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DocSeeker: Structured Visual Reasoning with Evidence Grounding for Long Document Understanding
DocSeeker improves long-document understanding in MLLMs via a two-stage training process that combines supervised fine-tuning from distilled data with evidence-aware group relative policy optimization and memory-efficient resolution allocation.