Simulations forecast that 10 years of Einstein Telescope and Cosmic Explorer data could detect the cosmic dipole magnitude using strongly lensed GW events, with tighter bounds from combining double, triple, and quadruple lensed systems.
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Planck 2018 results. I. Overview and the cosmological legacy of Planck
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abstract
The European Space Agency's Planck satellite, which was dedicated to studying the early Universe and its subsequent evolution, was launched on 14 May 2009. It scanned the microwave and submillimetre sky continuously between 12 August 2009 and 23 October 2013, producing deep, high-resolution, all-sky maps in nine frequency bands from 30 to 857GHz. This paper presents the cosmological legacy of Planck, which currently provides our strongest constraints on the parameters of the standard cosmological model and some of the tightest limits available on deviations from that model. The 6-parameter LCDM model continues to provide an excellent fit to the cosmic microwave background data at high and low redshift, describing the cosmological information in over a billion map pixels with just six parameters. With 18 peaks in the temperature and polarization angular power spectra constrained well, Planck measures five of the six parameters to better than 1% (simultaneously), with the best-determined parameter (theta_*) now known to 0.03%. We describe the multi-component sky as seen by Planck, the success of the LCDM model, and the connection to lower-redshift probes of structure formation. We also give a comprehensive summary of the major changes introduced in this 2018 release. The Planck data, alone and in combination with other probes, provide stringent constraints on our models of the early Universe and the large-scale structure within which all astrophysical objects form and evolve. We discuss some lessons learned from the Planck mission, and highlight areas ripe for further experimental advances.
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representative citing papers
KiLeR combines shear ratios with kinematic intrinsic shapes to mitigate first-order lensing systematics and forecasts a 192% improvement in dark energy constraints from the Roman telescope.
New SMICA formalism and binned bispectrum estimator jointly recover power spectra, spectral parameters, foreground 3-point correlators, and primordial non-Gaussianity constraints from multi-frequency polarization maps tested on LiteBIRD simulations.
A U-Net GAN reconstructs CMB T and E maps from Planck-like simulations with foregrounds and systematics, achieving under 1% error outside the Galactic region and demonstrating first-time correction for non-circular beams and asymmetric scans.
DESI DR2 BAO data exhibits 2.3 sigma tension with CMB in Lambda-CDM but prefers evolving dark energy (w0 > -1, wa < 0) at 3.1 sigma with CMB and 2.8-4.2 sigma when including supernovae.
First-year DESI BAO data are consistent with flat LambdaCDM and, when combined with CMB, show a 2.5-3.9 sigma preference for evolving dark energy (w0 > -1, wa < 0) that strengthens with certain supernova datasets.
Manticore-Deep uses tiled Bayesian field-level inference on SDSS and BOSS data to produce posterior ensembles of 3D cosmic fields that are consistent with LCDM and validated by 7.4σ CMB lensing and 3.5σ kSZ detections.
A new eigenvalue method is introduced to compute the PDF of stochastic e-folds in inflation, recovering a known flat-potential result and analyzing constant-drift cases in narrow and broad well limits.
Directional stacking signals are reconstructed without information loss as cross-power spectra between the target field and the E/B modes of the spin field weighted by galaxy density.
Redshift drift for tilted observers consists of an FLRW background term plus directional corrections from peculiar expansion, projected shear, and acceleration along the line of sight.
Kinetic Sunyaev-Zel'dovich reconstruction from WISExSuperCOSMOS and unWISE galaxies with Planck data yields tight upper limits on bulk velocities consistent with LambdaCDM out to 2000 h^{-1} Mpc while showing tension with a quasar dipole interpretation.
Rotational averages of the angular correlation function isolate non-statistical isotropy components in the CMB sky as a real-space complement to BipoSH coefficients.
The paper detects CMB temperature decrements toward the spines of massive cosmic filaments in two independent nearby redshift ranges using 3D luminosity-density profiles.
Progenitor age corrections applied to Pantheon+ data shift the monopole q0 to positive values (deceleration) while the local dipole remains unchanged.
A multi-bin simultaneous dipole fitting method yields higher Bayes factors than single flux-cut approaches for non-power-law luminosity functions in cosmic dipole measurements.
Bayesian GPR recovers the 21cm signal within 2σ credible intervals for most k-modes (0.06 to 1.0 h/Mpc) in SKA1-Low simulations that include realistic residual foregrounds and systematics.
Early dark energy resolves CMB-BAO tension and, combined with thawing quintessence, reduces overall cosmological tensions without phantom crossing.
Establishes a parameter mapping from anisotropic matter black holes to nonlinear electrodynamics black holes, recovering known solutions like dark matter and scalar hair cases and extending to rotating extremal limits.
Evidence for dynamical dark energy in the w0waCDM framework is strongly dataset-dependent, driven by mismatches in low-redshift BAO distance ratios that produce divergent expansion histories and inconsistent Hubble tension relief.
Galaxy cluster observations yield two preferred directions with cosmic anisotropy amplitude of about 5.3 times 10 to the minus 4 at roughly 1 sigma overall significance, though higher in the XMM-Newton subsample.
Gravitationally induced particle creation models fit cosmological data as well as ΛCDM and reduce the Hubble tension from 4.3σ to 2.4–3σ.
Cross-correlation of DESI DR1 quasars with Planck PR4 CMB lensing constrains local f_NL to 2^{+28}_{-34} (p=1.6) or 6^{+20}_{-24} (p=1.0), tightening previous limits by 35%.
Deriving Hubble slow-roll parameters from an analytic approximate Hubble parameter in Starobinsky inflation provides better accuracy than the potential slow-roll approximation, reducing the inferred e-foldings by more than one for ns=0.9649.
SKAO will enable detection of synchrotron emission from prestellar cores to probe their magnetic field properties in nearby star-forming regions.
citing papers explorer
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Prospect of Measuring the Cosmic Dipole by Strongly Lensed Gravitational Waves Associated with Galaxy Surveys
Simulations forecast that 10 years of Einstein Telescope and Cosmic Explorer data could detect the cosmic dipole magnitude using strongly lensed GW events, with tighter bounds from combining double, triple, and quadruple lensed systems.
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Kinematic Lensing Ratio: Reviving Weak Lensing Cosmography as a Geometric Dark Energy Probe
KiLeR combines shear ratios with kinematic intrinsic shapes to mitigate first-order lensing systematics and forecasts a 192% improvement in dark energy constraints from the Roman telescope.
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Non-Gaussianity in SMICA
New SMICA formalism and binned bispectrum estimator jointly recover power spectra, spectral parameters, foreground 3-point correlators, and primordial non-Gaussianity constraints from multi-frequency polarization maps tested on LiteBIRD simulations.
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Deep Learning for CMB Foreground Removal and Beam Deconvolution: A U-Net GAN Approach
A U-Net GAN reconstructs CMB T and E maps from Planck-like simulations with foregrounds and systematics, achieving under 1% error outside the Galactic region and demonstrating first-time correction for non-circular beams and asymmetric scans.
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DESI DR2 Results II: Measurements of Baryon Acoustic Oscillations and Cosmological Constraints
DESI DR2 BAO data exhibits 2.3 sigma tension with CMB in Lambda-CDM but prefers evolving dark energy (w0 > -1, wa < 0) at 3.1 sigma with CMB and 2.8-4.2 sigma when including supernovae.
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DESI 2024 VI: Cosmological Constraints from the Measurements of Baryon Acoustic Oscillations
First-year DESI BAO data are consistent with flat LambdaCDM and, when combined with CMB, show a 2.5-3.9 sigma preference for evolving dark energy (w0 > -1, wa < 0) that strengthens with certain supernova datasets.
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The Manticore Project II: Bayesian digital twins of cosmic structure across the SDSS and BOSS volumes
Manticore-Deep uses tiled Bayesian field-level inference on SDSS and BOSS data to produce posterior ensembles of 3D cosmic fields that are consistent with LCDM and validated by 7.4σ CMB lensing and 3.5σ kSZ detections.
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Eigenvalue formulation of Stochastic Inflation and application to large perturbation generating inflationary features
A new eigenvalue method is introduced to compute the PDF of stochastic e-folds in inflation, recovering a known flat-potential result and analyzing constant-drift cases in narrow and broad well limits.
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Dipoles for everyone: the pseudo-$C_\ell$ approach to directional stacking
Directional stacking signals are reconstructed without information loss as cross-power spectra between the target field and the E/B modes of the spin field weighted by galaxy density.
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Expected redshift drift for tilted observers
Redshift drift for tilted observers consists of an FLRW background term plus directional corrections from peculiar expansion, projected shear, and acceleration along the line of sight.
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Measuring cosmic bulk flow with kinetic Sunyaev-Zel'dovich velocity reconstruction
Kinetic Sunyaev-Zel'dovich reconstruction from WISExSuperCOSMOS and unWISE galaxies with Planck data yields tight upper limits on bulk velocities consistent with LambdaCDM out to 2000 h^{-1} Mpc while showing tension with a quasar dipole interpretation.
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Capturing statistical isotropy violation with rotational averages
Rotational averages of the angular correlation function isolate non-statistical isotropy components in the CMB sky as a real-space complement to BipoSH coefficients.
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Cosmic filaments confirm unexplained CMB temperature decrements in two independent redshift ranges
The paper detects CMB temperature decrements toward the spines of massive cosmic filaments in two independent nearby redshift ranges using 3D luminosity-density profiles.
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Pantheon+ supernovae corrected for progenitor age indicate the universe is decelerating
Progenitor age corrections applied to Pantheon+ data shift the monopole q0 to positive values (deceleration) while the local dipole remains unchanged.
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The Ellis and Baldwin test of the Cosmic Dipole: Exploring the impact of multiple flux density cuts
A multi-bin simultaneous dipole fitting method yields higher Bayes factors than single flux-cut approaches for non-power-law luminosity functions in cosmic dipole measurements.
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Mitigating residual foregrounds and systematic errors in SKA1-Low AA* EoR observations via Bayesian Gaussian Process Regression
Bayesian GPR recovers the 21cm signal within 2σ credible intervals for most k-modes (0.06 to 1.0 h/Mpc) in SKA1-Low simulations that include realistic residual foregrounds and systematics.
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Disentangling cosmic distance tensions with early and late dark energy
Early dark energy resolves CMB-BAO tension and, combined with thawing quintessence, reduces overall cosmological tensions without phantom crossing.
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Anisotropic matter and nonlinear electromagnetics black holes
Establishes a parameter mapping from anisotropic matter black holes to nonlinear electrodynamics black holes, recovering known solutions like dark matter and scalar hair cases and extending to rotating extremal limits.
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Probing Dynamical Dark Energy with Late-Time Data: Evidence, Tensions, and the Limits of the $w_0w_a$CDM Framework
Evidence for dynamical dark energy in the w0waCDM framework is strongly dataset-dependent, driven by mismatches in low-redshift BAO distance ratios that produce divergent expansion histories and inconsistent Hubble tension relief.
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New constraints on cosmic anisotropy from galaxy clusters using an improved dipole fitting method
Galaxy cluster observations yield two preferred directions with cosmic anisotropy amplitude of about 5.3 times 10 to the minus 4 at roughly 1 sigma overall significance, though higher in the XMM-Newton subsample.
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Revisiting the Matter Creation Process: Observational Constraints on Gravitationally Induced Dark Energy and the Hubble Tension
Gravitationally induced particle creation models fit cosmological data as well as ΛCDM and reduce the Hubble tension from 4.3σ to 2.4–3σ.
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Constraining primordial non-Gaussianity from DESI DR1 quasars and Planck PR4 CMB Lensing
Cross-correlation of DESI DR1 quasars with Planck PR4 CMB lensing constrains local f_NL to 2^{+28}_{-34} (p=1.6) or 6^{+20}_{-24} (p=1.0), tightening previous limits by 35%.
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Improving Slow-Roll Estimates in Starobinsky Inflation Using Analytic Hubble Parameter
Deriving Hubble slow-roll parameters from an analytic approximate Hubble parameter in Starobinsky inflation provides better accuracy than the potential slow-roll approximation, reducing the inferred e-foldings by more than one for ns=0.9649.
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Early phases of star formation with SKAO: synchrotron emission from dense starless cores in molecular clouds
SKAO will enable detection of synchrotron emission from prestellar cores to probe their magnetic field properties in nearby star-forming regions.
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3d QFT IR divergences as UV divergences in 4d Holographic Cosmology
In a 3d toy model for holographic cosmology, a mass term preserving generalized conformal structure permits 2-loop computations that indicate possible IR finiteness beyond perturbation theory, corresponding to UV finiteness without singularities in the 4d dual.
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The Status of Gravitational Vector Perturbations with Recent CMB Data
Recent CMB datasets tighten 95% CL upper bounds on vector-mode amplitude r_v to 1.3e-4 (neutrino isocurvature), 6.8 (octupole), and 4.2 (sourced) at k=0.05 Mpc^-1, with no significant detection.
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In-depth analysis of the clustering of dark matter particles around primordial black holes. Part III: CMB constraints
CMB data limits the s-wave annihilation cross section of thermal dark matter particles to ≲ 10^{-30} cm³/s scaled by PBH fraction and mass for PBHs heavier than ~10^{-10} solar masses.
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BROOM: a python package for model-independent analysis of microwave astronomical data
BROOM is a Python package that applies ILC and GILC techniques for model-independent separation of CMB, SZ, and foreground signals in microwave data along with diagnostic and simulation utilities.
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Impact of the SNe Ia Magnitude Transition at 20 Mpc on Cosmological Parameter Estimation
A 0.19 mag step in supernova absolute magnitude at 20 Mpc improves data fit and increases the Hubble constant by 2% while leaving matter density and dark energy parameters stable.
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The read-out electronics for the FLASH experiment
FLASH's read-out system uses MSAs as low-noise amplifiers and SDR techniques to capture and process ultra-weak signals from dark matter or high-frequency gravitational waves in the 117-360 MHz range.
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Updates on dipolar anisotropy in local measurements of the Hubble constant from Cosmicflows-4
Local Hubble constant anisotropy in Cosmicflows-4 data is primarily attributed to peculiar velocities and survey structure rather than cosmic-scale isotropy violation, with limited implications for the Hubble tension.
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Mitigating gain calibration errors from EoR observations with SKA1-Low AA*
Simulations show hybrid foreground mitigation (GPR + PCA combined with avoidance) recovers the HI 21cm signal within 2σ for gain calibration errors ≤1% in SKA1-Low AA* observations over 0.05-0.5 Mpc^{-1} scales.
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Cosmic Strings as Dynamical Dark Energy: Novel Constraints
Cosmic string networks are constrained to less than ~1% of the energy density using CMB+BAO+SN data, with some models preferring mildly negative densities but no Bayesian evidence favoring them over LambdaCDM.
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Extended Dark Energy analysis using DESI DR2 BAO measurements
Extended analysis of DESI DR2 data confirms robust evidence for dynamical dark energy with phantom crossing preference, stable under parametric and non-parametric modeling.
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MUltiplexed Survey Telescope (MUST) Science White Paper I: Overview of Large-Scale Structure Cosmology in the Era of Stage-V Spectroscopic Surveys
MUST is a planned 6.5m Stage-V spectroscopic survey telescope targeting 100M+ galaxies and quasars to z~5.5 for large-scale structure cosmology studies.
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Cosmological searches for the neutrino mass scale and mass ordering
Thesis summarizing an upper limit of 0.12 eV on the neutrino mass sum, bias calibration via CMB lensing cross-correlations, and tighter limits plus stronger normal-ordering preference in non-phantom dynamical dark energy models.
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Detectors for CLASS-W2: The second 90 GHz telescope of the Cosmology Large Angular Scale Surveyor
A new 296-detector 90 GHz TES bolometer array for CLASS achieves uniform properties, 16 μK√s NET, 0.37 optical efficiency, and a 41% mapping speed boost after addressing blue-leak radiation.
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Effective Phantom Dark Energy: What Cosmological Reconstruction Does and Does Not Imply
Effective phantom dark energy is a background-level reconstruction that does not imply fundamental pathologies such as ghost instabilities or null energy condition violation by the underlying stress tensor.
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Machine Learning for Multi-messenger Probes of New Physics and Cosmology: A Review and Perspective
A review summarizing machine learning methods for multi-messenger probes of dark matter and new physics, with a proposed plan for future integrated analyses.
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ACT DR6+Planck impact on inflation with non-zero vacuum expectation value and the post-inflationary behavior
Updated constraints on non-zero VEV parameter M from ACT+Planck data, plus lattice simulations showing oscillon formation and reheating implications.
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Holographic entanglement entropy and complexity for the cosmological braneworld model
Time-dependent holographic entanglement entropy and complexity are computed perturbatively for braneworld FLRW universes with radiation, matter, and exotic matter by using time-dependent brane positions in black brane bulk geometries.
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Lectures on the Bondi--Metzner--Sachs group and related topics in infrared physics
Lecture notes that build the BMS group from prerequisites to applications in soft theorems, memory effects, and new material on asymptotic conformal Killing horizons.
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2020 Global reassessment of the neutrino oscillation picture
Updated global fit of neutrino oscillation data gives precise measurements of mixing parameters with a 2.5 sigma preference for normal mass ordering.
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The landscape of QCD axion models
Review classifies QCD axion models extending the standard mass-coupling window and updates bounds from cosmology, astrophysics, and experiments.
- Dark Dimension Right-handed Neutrinos Confronted with Long-Baseline Oscillation Experiments