High-significance kSZ detections for BGS and ELG tracers reveal low gas fractions near virial radii in BGS halos likely due to AGN feedback and higher gas fractions in ELG halos suggesting weaker feedback.
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Data Release 1 of the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument
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abstract
In 2021 May the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument (DESI) collaboration began a 5-year spectroscopic redshift survey to produce a detailed map of the evolving three-dimensional structure of the universe between $z=0$ and $z\approx4$. DESI's principle scientific objectives are to place precise constraints on the equation of state of dark energy, the gravitationally driven growth of large-scale structure, and the sum of the neutrino masses, and to explore the observational signatures of primordial inflation. We present DESI Data Release 1 (DR1), which consists of all data acquired during the first 13 months of the DESI main survey, as well as a uniform reprocessing of the DESI Survey Validation data which was previously made public in the DESI Early Data Release. The DR1 main survey includes high-confidence redshifts for 18.7M objects, of which 13.1M are spectroscopically classified as galaxies, 1.6M as quasars, and 4M as stars, making DR1 the largest sample of extragalactic redshifts ever assembled. We summarize the DR1 observations, the spectroscopic data-reduction pipeline and data products, large-scale structure catalogs, value-added catalogs, and describe how to access and interact with the data. In addition to fulfilling its core cosmological objectives with unprecedented precision, we expect DR1 to enable a wide range of transformational astrophysical studies and discoveries.
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- abstract In 2021 May the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument (DESI) collaboration began a 5-year spectroscopic redshift survey to produce a detailed map of the evolving three-dimensional structure of the universe between $z=0$ and $z\approx4$. DESI's principle scientific objectives are to place precise constraints on the equation of state of dark energy, the gravitationally driven growth of large-scale structure, and the sum of the neutrino masses, and to explore the observational signatures of primordial inflation. We present DESI Data Release 1 (DR1), which consists of all data acquired during the f
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Light-cone mocks demonstrate that analytical corrections for survey-window and integral-constraint effects on PNG in galaxy power spectra lose accuracy below the equality scale and fail when PNG is present, enabling unbiased large-scale measurements.
A calibration strategy using full-Jones corrections with an in-field unpolarised calibrator and visibility-based multi-epoch alignment enables sub-arcsecond polarimetric imaging with LOFAR at metre wavelengths.
Synthetic observables from tECSN models show slower early red-color decline due to higher Ti/Cr and a late-time 12.8 μm Ne II line that strengthens over time, unlike comparable CO deflagration models.
Simulations forecast that 10 years of Einstein Telescope and Cosmic Explorer data could detect the cosmic dipole magnitude using strongly lensed GW events, with tighter bounds from combining double, triple, and quadruple lensed systems.
A single end-to-end Transformer model unifies stellar labels from heterogeneous spectroscopic surveys into a self-consistent scale without post-hoc recalibration.
Vision-language models underperform specialized astronomical methods on real observational data, with accuracy improving when physical explanations are provided in prompts and when raw numerical measurements replace rendered plots.
Five low-redshift DESI galaxies exhibit SEDs and broad Balmer lines resembling high-z Little Red Dots but with higher masses and different BPT positions, possibly as later evolutionary stages.
Analytic compression of EFT parameters for Lyα forest P1D via Fisher matrix and linearization allows efficient marginalization, saturating constraints with linear bias plus five effective terms and forecasting 10% and 2% precision on Δ²_p and n_p at k_p=0.7 Mpc^{-1}.
A low-redshift-agnostic BAO compression applied to DESI data yields binned constraints on dark-energy density evolution X(z) that are consistent with a constant value.
No evidence for cosmological parity violation is found in the first kurto-spectrum analysis of BOSS DR12 and DESI DR1 luminous red galaxies.
DESI DR2 and ACT DR6 data yield 17σ LRG-velocity, 8.3σ ELG-velocity, and 6.8σ QSO-velocity detections plus a 3.1σ velocity-velocity signal, producing f_NL^loc = 15.9_{-34.4}^{+34.6} from the velocity field.
DESI DR1 Lyman-alpha data yields Δ²★=0.379±0.032 and n★=-2.309±0.019 at k★=0.009 km⁻¹s and z=3, sharpening N_eff, α_s, and β_s constraints by factors of 1.18-1.90 when combined with other probes.
A ~1 solar-mass main-sequence star with supersolar metallicity has been traced back to the galactic center as a hypervelocity star ejected by the Hills mechanism.
High-resolution MUSE observations of 30 Gaia multipeak targets confirm 19 AGN multiplets including 6 dual AGN, accounting for 22% of known close pairs below 7 kpc and showing the selection method's efficiency.
A score-based diffusion generative model on deep infrared galaxy photometry yields a star formation rate density peaking at z=1.3 and shows distinct non-parametric star formation histories plus AGN activity peaking during the quenching transition of massive galaxies.
Introduces HICOBIAN, a differentiable fuzzy hierarchical cosmic-web bias model using sigmoid gradients for smooth region transitions, enabling accurate Bayesian field-level reconstruction of primordial density fields validated by Fourier-space statistics.
DESI DR2 BAO data exhibits 2.3 sigma tension with CMB in Lambda-CDM but prefers evolving dark energy (w0 > -1, wa < 0) at 3.1 sigma with CMB and 2.8-4.2 sigma when including supernovae.
Discovery of 14 solitary dwarf galaxy groups with dynamical masses around 10^12 solar masses, interpreted as tracers of primordial dark matter halos.
Spectroscopic measurements confirm a tight 6D phase-space clump of four RGB stars as part of the distant southern spur of the Sagittarius stream, likely stripped from Sagittarius's halo in the earliest interaction phases.
The EGIDE project releases a tenfold larger catalogue of edge-on galaxies with griz photometry, stellar masses, redshifts and star formation rates, finding that red-sequence galaxies are thicker than blue-cloud ones and show a mass-dependent increase in flattening ratio.
A masked autoencoder model trained on 4.7 million DESI single-fiber observations predicts emission-line maps from images that match independent MaNGA IFU data without any IFU training.
Multi-epoch spectroscopy of 33 ECLEs shows coronal lines emitted at intermediate radii with log(distance)-log(black hole mass) slopes of 0.63 and 0.69 for [O III] and [Fe VII], consistent with photoionization setting the radii.
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Cosmological test of a length-preserving biconnection gravity
Biconnection gravity produces extra geometric contributions to the Friedmann equations that act as effective dark energy; when parametrized in five common ways and fit to recent data, the Barboza-Alcaniz and logarithmic models are statistically competitive with LambdaCDM.