BlockVLA accelerates autoregressive VLA models by 3.3x using block diffusion finetuning, with faster training convergence and better early performance on long-horizon robotic tasks.
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LLaDA2.0: Scaling Up Diffusion Language Models to 100B
22 Pith papers cite this work. Polarity classification is still indexing.
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abstract
This paper presents LLaDA2.0 -- a tuple of discrete diffusion large language models (dLLM) scaling up to 100B total parameters through systematic conversion from auto-regressive (AR) models -- establishing a new paradigm for frontier-scale deployment. Instead of costly training from scratch, LLaDA2.0 upholds knowledge inheritance, progressive adaption and efficiency-aware design principle, and seamless converts a pre-trained AR model into dLLM with a novel 3-phase block-level WSD based training scheme: progressive increasing block-size in block diffusion (warm-up), large-scale full-sequence diffusion (stable) and reverting back to compact-size block diffusion (decay). Along with post-training alignment with SFT and DPO, we obtain LLaDA2.0-mini (16B) and LLaDA2.0-flash (100B), two instruction-tuned Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) variants optimized for practical deployment. By preserving the advantages of parallel decoding, these models deliver superior performance and efficiency at the frontier scale. Both models were open-sourced.
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2026 22representative citing papers
Introduces Block-R1 benchmark, Block-R1-41K dataset, and a conflict score to handle domain-specific optimal block sizes in RL post-training of diffusion LLMs.
Infinite Mask Diffusion Models use stochastic infinite-state masks to overcome the factorization error lower bound in standard masked diffusion, achieving superior few-step performance on language tasks via distillation.
RSPO interprets reward advantages as targets for relative log-ratios in dLLMs, calibrating noisy estimates to stabilize RLVR training and achieve strong gains on planning tasks with competitive math reasoning performance.
TAD improves the accuracy-parallelism trade-off in diffusion LLMs via temporal-aware self-distillation that applies hard labels to soon-to-be-decoded tokens and soft supervision to future tokens.
BadDLM implants effective backdoors in diffusion language models across concept, attribute, alignment, and payload targets by exploiting denoising dynamics while preserving clean performance.
LEAP detects early-converging tokens in dLLMs via future context filtering and multi-sequence superposition, reducing average denoising steps by about 30% while maintaining accuracy.
FoCore uses self-contrast on early-converging high-density tokens to boost diffusion LLM quality on reasoning benchmarks while cutting decoding steps by over 2x.
DepCap accelerates diffusion LM inference up to 5.63x by using last-block influence for adaptive block boundaries and conflict-free token selection for parallel decoding, with negligible quality loss.
ECHO is a one-step block diffusion VLM for chest X-ray reports that improves RaTE and SemScore by over 60% while delivering 8x faster inference than autoregressive baselines.
DEMASK adds a lightweight pairwise-dependency predictor to dLLMs and uses greedy selection to enable parallel unmasking whose total-variation error is provably bounded under sub-additivity.
Bell-shaped time sampling accelerates masked diffusion language model training by roughly 4x on LM1B by countering locality bias in language data.
BitLM replaces per-token softmax with bitwise continuous diffusion inside causal blocks to generate multiple tokens in parallel while preserving autoregressive structure.
TrajDLM applies block diffusion language models to discrete road-segment sequences with topology constraints to generate realistic trajectories up to 2.8 times faster than prior methods while supporting zero-shot transfer.
dFlowGRPO is a new rate-aware RL method for discrete flow models that outperforms prior GRPO approaches on image generation and matches continuous flow models while supporting broad probability paths.
ReflectDrive-2 combines masked discrete diffusion with RL-aligned self-editing to generate and refine driving trajectories, reaching 91.0 PDMS on NAVSIM camera-only and 94.8 in best-of-6.
SCMDM adapts trained masked diffusion models to condition denoising steps on their own prior clean predictions, cutting generative perplexity nearly in half on open-web text while improving discretized image, molecule, and genomic synthesis.
LLaDA2.0-Uni unifies multimodal understanding and generation inside one discrete diffusion large language model with a semantic tokenizer, MoE backbone, and diffusion decoder.
Stability-Weighted Decoding improves diffusion LLM accuracy by modulating token scores with temporal stability from KL divergence between prediction steps.
VASR separates continuation and residual variance in reward-guided diffusion SMC, using optimal mass allocation and systematic resampling to achieve up to 26% better FID scores and faster runtimes than prior SMC and MCTS methods.
DLMs exhibit lower n-gram entropy, higher semantic coherence, and higher semantic diversity than ARMs, primarily due to bidirectional context and remasking decoding strategies.
DMax enables faster parallel decoding in diffusion language models by using on-policy training to recover from errors and soft embedding interpolations for iterative revision, boosting tokens per forward pass roughly 2-3x on benchmarks while preserving accuracy.
citing papers explorer
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BlockVLA: Accelerating Autoregressive VLA via Block Diffusion Finetuning
BlockVLA accelerates autoregressive VLA models by 3.3x using block diffusion finetuning, with faster training convergence and better early performance on long-horizon robotic tasks.
-
Block-R1: Rethinking the Role of Block Size in Multi-domain Reinforcement Learning for Diffusion Large Language Models
Introduces Block-R1 benchmark, Block-R1-41K dataset, and a conflict score to handle domain-specific optimal block sizes in RL post-training of diffusion LLMs.
-
Infinite Mask Diffusion for Few-Step Distillation
Infinite Mask Diffusion Models use stochastic infinite-state masks to overcome the factorization error lower bound in standard masked diffusion, achieving superior few-step performance on language tasks via distillation.
-
Relative Score Policy Optimization for Diffusion Language Models
RSPO interprets reward advantages as targets for relative log-ratios in dLLMs, calibrating noisy estimates to stabilize RLVR training and achieve strong gains on planning tasks with competitive math reasoning performance.
-
TAD: Temporal-Aware Trajectory Self-Distillation for Fast and Accurate Diffusion LLM
TAD improves the accuracy-parallelism trade-off in diffusion LLMs via temporal-aware self-distillation that applies hard labels to soon-to-be-decoded tokens and soft supervision to future tokens.
-
BadDLM: Backdooring Diffusion Language Models with Diverse Targets
BadDLM implants effective backdoors in diffusion language models across concept, attribute, alignment, and payload targets by exploiting denoising dynamics while preserving clean performance.
-
LEAP: Unlocking dLLM Parallelism via Lookahead Early-Convergence Token Detection
LEAP detects early-converging tokens in dLLMs via future context filtering and multi-sequence superposition, reducing average denoising steps by about 30% while maintaining accuracy.
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Focus on the Core: Empowering Diffusion Large Language Models by Self-Contrast
FoCore uses self-contrast on early-converging high-density tokens to boost diffusion LLM quality on reasoning benchmarks while cutting decoding steps by over 2x.
-
DepCap: Adaptive Block-Wise Parallel Decoding for Efficient Diffusion LM Inference
DepCap accelerates diffusion LM inference up to 5.63x by using last-block influence for adaptive block boundaries and conflict-free token selection for parallel decoding, with negligible quality loss.
-
ECHO: Efficient Chest X-ray Report Generation with One-step Block Diffusion
ECHO is a one-step block diffusion VLM for chest X-ray reports that improves RaTE and SemScore by over 60% while delivering 8x faster inference than autoregressive baselines.
-
Dependency-Guided Parallel Decoding in Discrete Diffusion Language Models
DEMASK adds a lightweight pairwise-dependency predictor to dLLMs and uses greedy selection to enable parallel unmasking whose total-variation error is provably bounded under sub-additivity.
-
BitLM: Unlocking Multi-Token Language Generation with Bitwise Continuous Diffusion
BitLM replaces per-token softmax with bitwise continuous diffusion inside causal blocks to generate multiple tokens in parallel while preserving autoregressive structure.
-
TrajDLM: Topology-Aware Block Diffusion Language Model for Trajectory Generation
TrajDLM applies block diffusion language models to discrete road-segment sequences with topology constraints to generate realistic trajectories up to 2.8 times faster than prior methods while supporting zero-shot transfer.
-
dFlowGRPO: Rate-Aware Policy Optimization for Discrete Flow Models
dFlowGRPO is a new rate-aware RL method for discrete flow models that outperforms prior GRPO approaches on image generation and matches continuous flow models while supporting broad probability paths.
-
ReflectDrive-2: Reinforcement-Learning-Aligned Self-Editing for Discrete Diffusion Driving
ReflectDrive-2 combines masked discrete diffusion with RL-aligned self-editing to generate and refine driving trajectories, reaching 91.0 PDMS on NAVSIM camera-only and 94.8 in best-of-6.
-
Simple Self-Conditioning Adaptation for Masked Diffusion Models
SCMDM adapts trained masked diffusion models to condition denoising steps on their own prior clean predictions, cutting generative perplexity nearly in half on open-web text while improving discretized image, molecule, and genomic synthesis.
-
LLaDA2.0-Uni: Unifying Multimodal Understanding and Generation with Diffusion Large Language Model
LLaDA2.0-Uni unifies multimodal understanding and generation inside one discrete diffusion large language model with a semantic tokenizer, MoE backbone, and diffusion decoder.
-
Stability-Weighted Decoding for Diffusion Language Models
Stability-Weighted Decoding improves diffusion LLM accuracy by modulating token scores with temporal stability from KL divergence between prediction steps.
-
VASR: Variance-Aware Systematic Resampling for Reward-Guided Diffusion
VASR separates continuation and residual variance in reward-guided diffusion SMC, using optimal mass allocation and systematic resampling to achieve up to 26% better FID scores and faster runtimes than prior SMC and MCTS methods.
-
Differences in Text Generated by Diffusion and Autoregressive Language Models
DLMs exhibit lower n-gram entropy, higher semantic coherence, and higher semantic diversity than ARMs, primarily due to bidirectional context and remasking decoding strategies.
-
DMax: Aggressive Parallel Decoding for dLLMs
DMax enables faster parallel decoding in diffusion language models by using on-policy training to recover from errors and soft embedding interpolations for iterative revision, boosting tokens per forward pass roughly 2-3x on benchmarks while preserving accuracy.