Multi-grained counting is introduced with five granularity levels, supported by the new KubriCount dataset generated via 3D synthesis and editing, and HieraCount model that combines text and visual exemplars for improved accuracy.
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17 Pith papers cite this work. Polarity classification is still indexing.
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This survey introduces the Generate-Filter-Control-Replay (GFCR) taxonomy to structure rollout pipelines for RL-based post-training of reasoning LLMs.
Backward token warping in ViT-based MLLMs enables reliable reasoning from nearby viewpoints by preserving semantic coherence better than pixel-wise warping or fine-tuning baselines.
SpatialForge synthesizes 10 million spatial QA pairs from in-the-wild 2D images to train VLMs for better depth ordering, layout, and viewpoint-dependent reasoning.
SpaceMind++ adds an explicit voxelized allocentric cognitive map and coordinate-guided fusion to video MLLMs, claiming SOTA on VSI-Bench and improved out-of-distribution generalization on three other 3D benchmarks.
Proxy3D generates efficient 3D proxy representations via semantic clustering from video frames and aligns them to VLMs through multi-stage training on the new SpaceSpan dataset, achieving competitive performance on 3D VQA, grounding, and spatial benchmarks with shorter sequences.
4DThinker enables VLMs to perform dynamic spatial reasoning by internally simulating 4D imagery in latent space, outperforming prior text-based and modular approaches.
GUIDE unrolls multi-granularity geometric priors layer-wise into early MLLM layers with gating to improve spatial reasoning and perception.
EgoMind activates spatial cognition in MLLMs via linguistic Role-Play Caption and Progressive Spatial Analysis, reaching competitive results on VSI-Bench, SPAR-Bench, SITE-Bench and SPBench with only 5K SFT and 20K RL samples.
VISD adds structured privileged feedback from a judge model and a direction-magnitude decoupling trick to let VideoLLMs learn token-level credit assignment while keeping RL stable, yielding higher accuracy and roughly 2x faster convergence on video reasoning benchmarks.
SFI-Bench shows current multimodal LLMs struggle to integrate spatial memory with functional reasoning and external knowledge in video tasks.
SpatialImaginer integrates visual imagination with textual chain-of-thought to improve spatial reasoning robustness in multimodal large language models.
MAG-3D is a training-free multi-agent framework that coordinates planning, grounding, and coding agents with off-the-shelf VLMs to achieve grounded 3D reasoning and state-of-the-art benchmark results.
OpenSpatial supplies a principled open-source data engine and 3-million-sample dataset that raises spatial-reasoning model performance by an average of 19 percent on benchmarks.
A two-stage RL method with information gaps and grounding loss trains MLLMs to focus on and precisely crop relevant image regions, yielding SOTA results on high-resolution VQA benchmarks.
JoyAI-Image unifies visual understanding, generation, and editing in one model and claims stronger spatial intelligence through bidirectional perception-generation loops.
XEmbodied is a foundation model that integrates 3D geometric and physical signals into VLMs using a 3D Adapter and Efficient Image-Embodied Adapter, plus progressive curriculum and RL post-training, to improve spatial reasoning and embodied performance on 18 benchmarks.
citing papers explorer
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Count Anything at Any Granularity
Multi-grained counting is introduced with five granularity levels, supported by the new KubriCount dataset generated via 3D synthesis and editing, and HieraCount model that combines text and visual exemplars for improved accuracy.
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Token Warping Helps MLLMs Look from Nearby Viewpoints
Backward token warping in ViT-based MLLMs enables reliable reasoning from nearby viewpoints by preserving semantic coherence better than pixel-wise warping or fine-tuning baselines.
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SpatialForge: Bootstrapping 3D-Aware Spatial Reasoning from Open-World 2D Images
SpatialForge synthesizes 10 million spatial QA pairs from in-the-wild 2D images to train VLMs for better depth ordering, layout, and viewpoint-dependent reasoning.
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SpaceMind++: Toward Allocentric Cognitive Maps for Spatially Grounded Video MLLMs
SpaceMind++ adds an explicit voxelized allocentric cognitive map and coordinate-guided fusion to video MLLMs, claiming SOTA on VSI-Bench and improved out-of-distribution generalization on three other 3D benchmarks.
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Proxy3D: Efficient 3D Representations for Vision-Language Models via Semantic Clustering and Alignment
Proxy3D generates efficient 3D proxy representations via semantic clustering from video frames and aligns them to VLMs through multi-stage training on the new SpaceSpan dataset, achieving competitive performance on 3D VQA, grounding, and spatial benchmarks with shorter sequences.
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4DThinker: Thinking with 4D Imagery for Dynamic Spatial Understanding
4DThinker enables VLMs to perform dynamic spatial reasoning by internally simulating 4D imagery in latent space, outperforming prior text-based and modular approaches.
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Let Geometry GUIDE: Layer-wise Unrolling of Geometric Priors in Multimodal LLMs
GUIDE unrolls multi-granularity geometric priors layer-wise into early MLLM layers with gating to improve spatial reasoning and perception.
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EgoMind: Activating Spatial Cognition through Linguistic Reasoning in MLLMs
EgoMind activates spatial cognition in MLLMs via linguistic Role-Play Caption and Progressive Spatial Analysis, reaching competitive results on VSI-Bench, SPAR-Bench, SITE-Bench and SPBench with only 5K SFT and 20K RL samples.
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VISD: Enhancing Video Reasoning via Structured Self-Distillation
VISD adds structured privileged feedback from a judge model and a direction-magnitude decoupling trick to let VideoLLMs learn token-level credit assignment while keeping RL stable, yielding higher accuracy and roughly 2x faster convergence on video reasoning benchmarks.
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From Where Things Are to What They Are For: Benchmarking Spatial-Functional Intelligence in Multimodal LLMs
SFI-Bench shows current multimodal LLMs struggle to integrate spatial memory with functional reasoning and external knowledge in video tasks.
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SpatialImaginer: Towards Adaptive Visual Imagination for Spatial Reasoning
SpatialImaginer integrates visual imagination with textual chain-of-thought to improve spatial reasoning robustness in multimodal large language models.
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MAG-3D: Multi-Agent Grounded Reasoning for 3D Understanding
MAG-3D is a training-free multi-agent framework that coordinates planning, grounding, and coding agents with off-the-shelf VLMs to achieve grounded 3D reasoning and state-of-the-art benchmark results.
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Learning to Focus and Precise Cropping: A Reinforcement Learning Framework with Information Gaps and Grounding Loss for MLLMs
A two-stage RL method with information gaps and grounding loss trains MLLMs to focus on and precisely crop relevant image regions, yielding SOTA results on high-resolution VQA benchmarks.
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XEmbodied: A Foundation Model with Enhanced Geometric and Physical Cues for Large-Scale Embodied Environments
XEmbodied is a foundation model that integrates 3D geometric and physical signals into VLMs using a 3D Adapter and Efficient Image-Embodied Adapter, plus progressive curriculum and RL post-training, to improve spatial reasoning and embodied performance on 18 benchmarks.