JWST spectra of SN 2024abup show CO, C, O, and Mg features plus possible dust emission, with no clear r-process signatures identified via SUMO modeling.
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First mid-IR transmission spectrum of TOI-270 d shows molecular features with Bayesian evidence ln B = 2.8-5.3 and identifies candidate trace molecules from an agnostic search of 203 species.
JWST data on 3C305 shows the compact radio jet efficiently drives kiloparsec-scale multiphase outflows via shocks, with high coupling to the observed gas kinetic power and radiative losses.
Magnetized disk models lower the thermal-viscous instability threshold to Eddington ratios of 0.01-0.03 and yield limit-cycle timescales of months to years, jointly matching observations in five CLAGN only when the inner disk is strongly magnetized.
Anisotropic quenching is detected at the highest redshift yet and linked to preprocessing dominating over intrahalo effects by ~20% along the major axis in a delay-then-rapid quenching model informed by cluster accretion histories.
New template-fitting selection yields 241 BH*-dominated LRD candidates at z~1.7-9.3 with number density peaking at z~5-6, demonstrating persistence to lower redshifts.
JWST MIRI observations of 634 galaxies at 0.2<z<2 yield IR luminosity functions with faint-end slope α≈0.147, implying lower dust-obscured SFRD than previous ALMA/Herschel/Spitzer studies.
Introduces MGIC_rv, an information criterion that combines conditional RV likelihood with an effective parameter count for selecting multi-GP models focused on radial velocities.
69% of star-forming galaxies in z~2.3 protoclusters exhibit positive metallicity gradients, higher than field galaxies, associated with metal deficiency and interpreted as evidence for enhanced pristine gas inflows.
First near-IR weak-lensing analysis of CANDELS fields detects 12 shear-selected overdensities with masses 0.2-2.2 x 10^14 solar masses at redshifts 0.22-0.9 and mean z=0.68.
AGILE archival data reveal gamma-ray flares from a source matching IGR J17354-3255, with orbital phase correlation supporting physical association and high-energy emission from SFXTs.
A new fitting methodology applied to UV absorption data recovers radial trends in galactic wind velocities and mass-loading factors by constraining initial hot and cool phase parameters in a multiphase model.
Direct detection of ionizing photons from z~6 faint galaxies yields escape fraction ~0.8 and log ξ_ion^true = 25.86, implying higher IGM transparency and that young low-metallicity stars in such galaxies can reionize the universe.
GRB 160425A contains a short merger-like burst and a long collapsar-like burst separated by four minutes, challenging standard GRB classification and progenitor models.
Optical continuum lags in NGC 4395 remain stable at 5-15 minutes over multi-year baselines with negligible diffuse continuum contribution.
JWST difference imaging from COSMOS-Web and PRIMER has yielded 68 high-redshift supernovae including a core-collapse event at z>3 and a Type Ia at z>2, demonstrating the feasibility of wide-area time-domain searches in the early universe.
FC-ENZO is a new modeling tool that predicts ultra-cool dwarf contamination fractions in high-z galaxy samples, finding similar overall levels across HST, Roman, and JWST but with magnitude-dependent differences and higher predictions from the ELF OWL SED library.
WaveDiff with wavefront feature projection recovers WFE from noisy undersampled in-focus observations at ~3% error, a tenfold improvement over the prior version.
Photometric decomposition of edge-on galaxies indicates that projection effects cause a substantially higher fraction of Type II disk breaks than reported in previous work.
Post-starburst galaxies show compact morphologies with minimal wavelength-dependent structural change and low overall disturbance levels, except for enhanced residual asymmetry in massive systems at z > 1, supporting two distinct quenching pathways.
Experimental serial coupling of 1DDLC coronagraph and PFN achieves 3.5e-5 contrast at 6% wavelength offset, 20x better than coronagraph alone.
JWST spectra of SN 2022acko reveal CO masses of 1.55e-4 and 2.47e-4 solar masses, IME velocities ~300 km/s vs ~100 km/s for H/He/IGEs suggesting bipolar outflow, and substantially less molecule formation than higher-mass Type II SNe.
Optimal redshift weighting on eBOSS QSO full-shape data reduces uncertainties on H0 by 43.3%, σ8 by 19.7%, w0 by 20.5% and produces a bounded posterior on wa in the CPL model.
IllustrisTNG yields γ=2.23±0.20 for luminosity density evolution that explains the Tolman and distance-duality test signals in standard cosmology.
citing papers explorer
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JWST observations of SN 2024abup: First Detection of CO in a broad-lined Type Ic Supernova and Constraints on r-process Nucleosynthesis
JWST spectra of SN 2024abup show CO, C, O, and Mg features plus possible dust emission, with no clear r-process signatures identified via SUMO modeling.
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The Mid-Infrared Transmission Spectrum of the Temperate Sub-Neptune TOI-270 d
First mid-IR transmission spectrum of TOI-270 d shows molecular features with Bayesian evidence ln B = 2.8-5.3 and identifies candidate trace molecules from an agnostic search of 203 species.
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JWST resolves jet-driven H2 and ionized outflows in radio galaxy 3C305
JWST data on 3C305 shows the compact radio jet efficiently drives kiloparsec-scale multiphase outflows via shocks, with high coupling to the observed gas kinetic power and radiative losses.
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A magnetically-supported disk-corona model for Changing-Look AGN transitions
Magnetized disk models lower the thermal-viscous instability threshold to Eddington ratios of 0.01-0.03 and yield limit-cycle timescales of months to years, jointly matching observations in five CLAGN only when the inner disk is strongly magnetized.
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Anisotropic quenching beyond $z=1$ and its implications for preprocessing around high-redshift galaxy clusters
Anisotropic quenching is detected at the highest redshift yet and linked to preprocessing dominating over intrahalo effects by ~20% along the major axis in a delay-then-rapid quenching model informed by cluster accretion histories.
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Black Hole Stars Across the Universe: Identifying Central Engine Dominated Little Red Dots at $z\sim1.5-9.5$
New template-fitting selection yields 241 BH*-dominated LRD candidates at z~1.7-9.3 with number density peaking at z~5-6, demonstrating persistence to lower redshifts.
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MEGA and SMILES Find Fewer Dusty Galaxies than Expected at Cosmic Noon
JWST MIRI observations of 634 galaxies at 0.2<z<2 yield IR luminosity functions with faint-end slope α≈0.147, implying lower dust-obscured SFRD than previous ALMA/Herschel/Spitzer studies.
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A Model Selection Criterion for Multidimensional Gaussian Processes: Application to Radial Velocities
Introduces MGIC_rv, an information criterion that combines conditional RV likelihood with an effective parameter count for selecting multi-GP models focused on radial velocities.
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MAMMOTH-Grism: Gas-phase Metallicity Gradients of Star-forming Galaxies in Protocluster Environments at Cosmic Noon
69% of star-forming galaxies in z~2.3 protoclusters exhibit positive metallicity gradients, higher than field galaxies, associated with metal deficiency and interpreted as evidence for enhanced pristine gas inflows.
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Near-IR Weak-lensing (NIRWL) Measurements in the CANDELS Fields. II. Mass Mapping and Overdensity Characterization
First near-IR weak-lensing analysis of CANDELS fields detects 12 shear-selected overdensities with masses 0.2-2.2 x 10^14 solar masses at redshifts 0.22-0.9 and mean z=0.68.
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AGILE detection of transient {\gamma}-ray emission from the region of the supergiant fast X-ray transient source IGR J17354-3255
AGILE archival data reveal gamma-ray flares from a source matching IGR J17354-3255, with orbital phase correlation supporting physical association and high-energy emission from SFXTs.
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Resolving the Unresolved Galactic Winds in Multi-phase Models. I. Methodology and Application
A new fitting methodology applied to UV absorption data recovers radial trends in galactic wind velocities and mass-loading factors by constraining initial hot and cool phase parameters in a multiphase model.
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The Great Escape of ionizing photons during Cosmic Morning
Direct detection of ionizing photons from z~6 faint galaxies yields escape fraction ~0.8 and log ξ_ion^true = 25.86, implying higher IGM transparency and that young low-metallicity stars in such galaxies can reionize the universe.
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An Intertwined Short and Long GRB with 4-minute Separation
GRB 160425A contains a short merger-like burst and a long collapsar-like burst separated by four minutes, challenging standard GRB classification and progenitor models.
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The Intermediate-Mass Black Hole Reverberation Mapping Project: Stable Optical Continuum Lags of an IMBH in the Dwarf Galaxy NGC 4395 Over Years
Optical continuum lags in NGC 4395 remain stable at 5-15 minutes over multi-year baselines with negligible diffuse continuum contribution.
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Expanding the High-z Supernova Frontier: "Wide-Area" JWST Discoveries from the First Two Years of COSMOS-Web
JWST difference imaging from COSMOS-Web and PRIMER has yielded 68 high-redshift supernovae including a core-collapse event at z>3 and a Type Ia at z>2, demonstrating the feasibility of wide-area time-domain searches in the early universe.
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Assessing Ultra-Cool Dwarf Contamination in Photometrically Selected High-Redshift Galaxy Samples
FC-ENZO is a new modeling tool that predicts ultra-cool dwarf contamination fractions in high-z galaxy samples, finding similar overall levels across HST, Roman, and JWST but with magnitude-dependent differences and higher predictions from the ELF OWL SED library.
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Point spread function wavefront recovery from in-focus stellar observations
WaveDiff with wavefront feature projection recovers WFE from noisy undersampled in-focus observations at ~3% error, a tenfold improvement over the prior version.
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Projection-Enhanced Disk Breaks: Evidence from Deep Photometric Decomposition
Photometric decomposition of edge-on galaxies indicates that projection effects cause a substantially higher fraction of Type II disk breaks than reported in previous work.
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The multiwavelength structure of post-starburst galaxies at 0.5 < z < 3 with JWST PRIMER: compact morphologies and residual disturbances
Post-starburst galaxies show compact morphologies with minimal wavelength-dependent structural change and low overall disturbance levels, except for enhanced residual asymmetry in massive systems at z > 1, supporting two distinct quenching pathways.
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Combining a Diffraction-Limited Coronagraph with Fiber Nulling: A Demonstration of Serially Coupling Different Nullers
Experimental serial coupling of 1DDLC coronagraph and PFN achieves 3.5e-5 contrast at 6% wavelength offset, 20x better than coronagraph alone.
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JWST Medium-Resolution Infrared Spectroscopy of SN 2022acko: Tracing Molecule Formation in the Nebular Phase
JWST spectra of SN 2022acko reveal CO masses of 1.55e-4 and 2.47e-4 solar masses, IME velocities ~300 km/s vs ~100 km/s for H/He/IGEs suggesting bipolar outflow, and substantially less molecule formation than higher-mass Type II SNe.
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Cosmological inference from the eBOSS QSO full-shape analysis with optimal redshift weights
Optimal redshift weighting on eBOSS QSO full-shape data reduces uncertainties on H0 by 43.3%, σ8 by 19.7%, w0 by 20.5% and produces a bounded posterior on wa in the CPL model.
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Forward-modelling the Tolman and distance-duality tests with IllustrisTNG
IllustrisTNG yields γ=2.23±0.20 for luminosity density evolution that explains the Tolman and distance-duality test signals in standard cosmology.
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Cluster vs Field: Clear Evidence for a Morphology-Density Relation in All Environments at $z\sim1.6$
Morphology-density and morphology-mass relations are present at z~1.6 in both cluster and field galaxies.
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An Agnostic Machine Learning Model of Photosynthetic Habitability
An agnostic model using genetic algorithm optimization predicts photosynthetic viability declines linearly with orbital distance, expanding the photosynthetic habitable zone for M, K, and G stars beyond Earth-centric estimates.
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The Chandra-Gaia Catalog of Counterparts: Resolving ambiguous Gaia matches to X-ray sources in the Chandra Source Catalog using Machine Learning
A LightGBM classifier trained on NWAY Bayesian matches identifies true Chandra-Gaia counterparts for 113k X-ray sources, flags 7k ambiguous cases, and attributes half of 20k separation-only matches to chance coincidences, validated at 95% on COUP without positional features.
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Reconstructing Galactic Gravitational Potentials from Stellar Kinematics with Physics-Informed Neural Networks
A PINN approach learns galactic gravitational potentials from acceleration data, achieving sub-percent errors on simulations while outperforming analytic models and retaining interpretability via structured priors.
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The Edge-on Galaxies in the DESI survey (EGIDE): sample building and photometry
The EGIDE project releases a tenfold larger catalogue of edge-on galaxies with griz photometry, stellar masses, redshifts and star formation rates, finding that red-sequence galaxies are thicker than blue-cloud ones and show a mass-dependent increase in flattening ratio.
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Spiral arms across cosmic time: JWST measurements of the pitch angles of spiral galaxies at $z<3.5$
JWST measurements of pitch angles in 593 spiral galaxies to z=3.5 show no overall redshift evolution but reveal correlations with mass and sSFR only below z=1.25, implying a transition from locally driven to globally regulated spiral arms.
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Learning the Universe with PRFM-vol: Introducing a new subgrid model for star formation in cosmological simulations
PRFM-vol is a new subgrid star formation model for cosmological simulations that computes SFR from ambient densities via PRFM theory and a modified effective EOS, producing taller stellar scale heights, slightly higher stellar mass, and morphology changes including Toomre-driven clumps compared to p
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A Population of Red Galaxies with Very Strong Emission Lines at $z > 5$ Revealed by the NIRCam Medium Bands: ''Classic'' LRDs, Dusty Star-Forming Galaxies, and a Missing Population of LRDs
Medium-band imaging reveals red emission-line galaxies at z>5 including compact objects likely missed by classic Little Red Dot selection criteria.
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A Disappearing Act: Constraints From "Missing" Flares of Repeating Partial TDE Candidates
Non-detections of expected third flares in TDE 2022dbl and TDE 2020vdq support rpTDE interpretation over independent events, with modeling favoring bound main-sequence star orbits and deep initial encounters.
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A Consistent Implementation of Cluster Strong Lensing in Cosmological Simulation Light Cones
A simulation-based procedure for cluster strong lensing that remaps uniform boxes and traces rays through resolved particles, finding uncorrelated line-of-sight structure shifts images by arcseconds and changes critical areas by 16+20-14 percent at zs=4.
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An extremely bright slow-rising afterglow from an off-axis jet in GRB 260310A
Multi-wavelength data on GRB 260310A support an off-axis jet model explaining weak prompt emission and bright delayed afterglow, including reverse-shock signatures and late X-ray rebrightening.
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Spider-Webb: enhanced star formation in low-mass galaxies within the Spiderweb protocluster revealed by JWST Pa$\beta$ narrow-band imaging
Low-mass Paβ emitters in the Spiderweb protocluster show enhanced star formation rates compared to field galaxies, with no significant deviation at higher masses.
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Massive Galaxies Form Early and Gray: Stellar Assembly and Dust Attenuation at $\mathbf{z>3.5}$ from CAPERS
Massive galaxies at z>3.5 assembled stars earlier than theoretical models predict and exhibit gray dust attenuation, especially at the highest masses.
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From DES to KiDS: Domain adaptation for cross-survey detection of low-surface-brightness galaxies
Domain adaptation with an ensemble of CNN and transformer models trained on DES detects 20,180 LSBGs and 434 UDGs in KiDS DR5, with structural parameters and environmental trends consistent with known samples.
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Small and Complex I: The Three Component Structure of $z \sim 0$ Massive Compact Quiescent Galaxies
75% of massive compact quiescent galaxies at z~0 require three-component photometric models (bulge + disk + envelope), versus only 7% of mass-matched control quiescent galaxies.
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Empirical estimates of how massive galaxies can be in {\Lambda}CDM
Corrected empirical limits show the most massive galaxies never exceed the theoretical baryonic maximum of 0.16 times halo virial mass, keeping observations consistent with LambdaCDM at all redshifts.
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You Shall Not Pass (Without Modeling): High-Resolution Analysis of KMT-2019-BLG-0253 using MORIA
MORIA pipeline applied to HST data for KMT-2019-BLG-0253 halves the number of viable solutions and measures a 0.65 solar-mass host with a 7-9 Earth-mass planet at 2.64 kpc.
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Differences between emission and absorption tracers of spatially resolved outflows in clumpy z ~ 0.1 star-forming galaxies
Spatially resolved observations of z~0.1 galaxies show Mg II absorption outflow velocities are systematically higher than Hα emission velocities by ~0.4 dex while maintaining similar correlations with star formation rate and surface density.
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A GLIMPSE of the 99%: a census of the faintest galaxies during the epoch reionization and its implications for galaxy formation models
The UV luminosity function at z~7 rises steeply with slope alpha=-1.98 to M_UV=-12.3 with no turnover, indicating faint galaxies dominate the ionizing photon budget during reionization.
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Diffusion-based Galaxy Simulations for the Roman High Latitude Survey
A denoising diffusion model trained on transformed JWST observations generates multi-band galaxy images that match key statistical properties of real galaxies for Roman weak lensing simulations.
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DeepDive: Simultaneous Formation of Massive Quiescent Galaxies in High-Redshift Galaxy Proto-clusters
JWST data show massive quiescent galaxies in high-redshift proto-clusters formed and quenched simultaneously, with AGN signatures, indicating environmental triggering of quenching.
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GRB 210704A: A Luminous Fast Blue Transient in a GRB Afterglow at $z = 2.34$
GRB 210704A at z=2.34 shows a luminous fast blue transient excess peaking at ~7 days, modeled as refreshed shock emission and linked to LFBOTs alongside a high-Lorentz-factor jet.
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ALESS--JWST: Dust-driven Morphologies and Hidden Stellar Mass in $z\sim3$ Sub-millimeter Galaxies
Dust geometry in z~3 SMGs produces a systematic stellar mass underestimate in integrated fits and wavelength-dependent sizes and offsets, with compact stellar cores matching the dust continuum at longer wavelengths.
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A Natural $\gtrsim 100\times$ Telescope: Discovery of the Strongly Lensed Type II SN 2025mkn at $z=1.37$
Discovery of a gravitationally lensed Type II supernova at z=1.37 with magnification ≳100×, confirmed via multi-telescope spectra and imaging.
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Weak-lensing Analysis of Intracluster Filaments in Abell 2744: Matched-filter Scans and Stepwise 2D Tracing
A new stepwise 2D tracing method resolves inconsistencies in weak-lensing detection of curved intracluster filaments in Abell 2744 that global matched-filter scans cannot handle.
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Deeper detection limits in astronomical imaging using self-supervised spatiotemporal denoising
ASTERIS, a self-supervised spatiotemporal denoising algorithm, improves astronomical detection limits by 1 magnitude at 90% completeness while identifying three times more redshift >9 galaxy candidates in JWST images.