TOI-837 b has a true obliquity of 25.9+7.5-6.3 deg, the first planet younger than 100 Myr with accessible ψ incompatible with an aligned orbit, favoring primordial disc torque followed by disc-driven migration.
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X-ray reverberation lags are used to measure the mass of the stellar-mass black hole Cygnus X-1 for the first time.
LLM embeddings condition generative networks for LHC events, yielding faster convergence, higher quality, and generalization to unseen processes.
Direct fixed-weight solver for free-support Wasserstein medians relocates atoms using OT barycentric projections and inverse-distance weights, achieving monotone descent on smoothed objectives with fewer subproblems than nested Weiszfeld baselines.
HST/WFC3 UV imaging of SR 12 c measures accretion luminosity of 1.65 ± 0.19 × 10^{-5} L_⊙ and rate of 8 ± 2 × 10^{-12} M_⊙ yr^{-1}, placing it at the end stages of giant planet assembly with a full UV-to-sub-mm SED.
Filter-substrate refraction causes dominant lateral shifts yielding 0.3-0.4% PSF size and ellipticity residuals across most Roman bands that exceed weak lensing requirements by an order of magnitude, while longitudinal defocus shifts remain negligible.
Uncorrected Gaussian residual penalties in full-space sampling converge after marginalization to the graph-lifted reduced posterior multiplied by the inverse absolute determinant of the state Jacobian, requiring explicit determinant corrections for equivalence.
Homogeneous reanalysis of 145 single-star RM systems reveals mass-dependent e-λ trends: sub-Saturns eccentric and misaligned, Jupiters misaligned only when circular, and super-Jupiters aligned at all eccentricities.
Proposes a scale-calibrated median-of-means estimator for robust aggregation of distributed PCA estimates on the product of Euclidean space and Grassmann manifold.
A linked Tucker tensor factorization enables a joint individualized hurdle-ordinal regression model that uncovers spatially heterogeneous effects of fluoride and diet on paired caries and fluorosis outcomes.
Two long period radio transients are detached white dwarf-M dwarf binaries with matching periods, massive cool crystallized white dwarfs, low inclinations, and an estimated population of 100-2000 such systems within 2 kpc.
New JWST and Keck data on off-nuclear TDE 2025abcr show shifting emission-line velocities from a changing reprocessing layer and an IR power-law slope of -2.13 that is consistent with either reprocessing gas or a young stellar cluster of mass ~10^7.6 solar masses.
An adaptive hierarchical RMHMC sampler with closed-form leapfrog integrator and automatic mass matrix tuning for efficient MCMC in high-dimensional Bayesian problems.
Multirate SVGD improves robustness and efficiency over standard SVGD by updating attraction and repulsion on independent time scales, with strongest gains on hierarchical and multimodal targets.
MSFAST extends the FAST FPCA method to multivariate sparse data via Bayesian modeling with orthonormal splines, standardization, Procrustes alignment, and efficient computation, yielding valid inferences especially in low signal-to-noise settings.
A QCD-vacuum-based model of dynamical dark energy fits Planck+ACT+SPT, DESI DR2, and supernova data while reproducing the late-time evolution favored by DESI.
Latent diffusion model parameterization allows MCMC and SMC to outperform latent-space ESMDA in data mismatch and uncertainty reduction for 3D subsurface DA, while model-space ESMDA produces unrealistic posteriors.
New discrete-time approximations to SG(L)D enable accurate non-asymptotic predictions of covariance and integrated autocorrelation time for practical tuning in large-batch or misspecified regimes.
Hot Jupiter occurrence in the Galactic halo is low at ~0.13% with no significant difference between in-situ and accreted populations, well below disk rates.
Recasts sampling-based nonconvex optimization as smoothed gradient descent to obtain non-asymptotic convergence guarantees and introduces the DIDA annealed algorithm that converges to the global optimum.
Joint location-scale minimization for geometric medians on product manifolds degenerates to marginal medians, and three new scale-selection methods restore identifiability with asymptotic guarantees.
300S stellar stream exhibits three density peaks, smooth width variations, a possible 4.7 degree gap, and a kink modeled as resulting from Large Magellanic Cloud interaction across its full known footprint.
ACT DR6 CMB lensing map gives σ8 = 0.819 ± 0.015 and H0 = 68.3 ± 1.1 km/s/Mpc, consistent with Planck ΛCDM but 1.7-2.1σ higher in S8 than KiDS, DES, and HSC galaxy surveys.
dynesty is an open-source Python package for dynamic nested sampling that improves efficiency in Bayesian posterior and evidence estimation compared to MCMC on certain problems.
citing papers explorer
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The 35-Myr old infant planet TOI-837 b has a mildly misaligned orbit
TOI-837 b has a true obliquity of 25.9+7.5-6.3 deg, the first planet younger than 100 Myr with accessible ψ incompatible with an aligned orbit, favoring primordial disc torque followed by disc-driven migration.
-
An X-ray reverberation mass measurement of Cygnus X-1
X-ray reverberation lags are used to measure the mass of the stellar-mass black hole Cygnus X-1 for the first time.
-
One Generator, Any Process: LLM-Conditioning for the LHC
LLM embeddings condition generative networks for LHC events, yielding faster convergence, higher quality, and generalization to unseen processes.
-
Fast Computation of Free-Support Wasserstein Medians
Direct fixed-weight solver for free-support Wasserstein medians relocates atoms using OT barycentric projections and inverse-distance weights, achieving monotone descent on smoothed objectives with fewer subproblems than nested Weiszfeld baselines.
-
Ultraviolet Imaging of SR 12 c with HST/WFC3: Accretion and Variability of a Giant Planet at the End Stages of Growth
HST/WFC3 UV imaging of SR 12 c measures accretion luminosity of 1.65 ± 0.19 × 10^{-5} L_⊙ and rate of 8 ± 2 × 10^{-12} M_⊙ yr^{-1}, placing it at the end stages of giant planet assembly with a full UV-to-sub-mm SED.
-
Modeling the impact of filter-substrate refraction in the Roman point spread function
Filter-substrate refraction causes dominant lateral shifts yielding 0.3-0.4% PSF size and ellipticity residuals across most Roman bands that exceed weak lensing requirements by an order of magnitude, while longitudinal defocus shifts remain negligible.
-
Constraint residuals, graph posteriors, and determinant-corrected full-space targets in Bayesian inverse problems
Uncorrected Gaussian residual penalties in full-space sampling converge after marginalization to the graph-lifted reduced posterior multiplied by the inverse absolute determinant of the state Jacobian, requiring explicit determinant corrections for equivalence.
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A Homogeneous Catalog of Rossiter-McLaughlin Systems: Distinct $e$-$\lambda$ Trends in Three Gas-Giant Mass Regimes
Homogeneous reanalysis of 145 single-star RM systems reveals mass-dependent e-λ trends: sub-Saturns eccentric and misaligned, Jupiters misaligned only when circular, and super-Jupiters aligned at all eccentricities.
-
Scale-Calibrated Median-of-Means for Robust Distributed Principal Component Analysis
Proposes a scale-calibrated median-of-means estimator for robust aggregation of distributed PCA estimates on the product of Euclidean space and Grassmann manifold.
-
Linked-Tucker Factorized Individualized Regression for Paired Multivariate Categorical Outcomes
A linked Tucker tensor factorization enables a joint individualized hurdle-ordinal regression model that uncovers spatially heterogeneous effects of fluoride and diet on paired caries and fluorosis outcomes.
-
White dwarf + M dwarf Detached Binaries in Long Period Radio Transients: Observed Binary Parameters, Evolution, and Population Constraints
Two long period radio transients are detached white dwarf-M dwarf binaries with matching periods, massive cool crystallized white dwarfs, low inclinations, and an estimated population of 100-2000 such systems within 2 kpc.
-
JWST and Keck observations of the off-nuclear tidal disruption event TDE 2025abcr: An evolving reprocessing layer
New JWST and Keck data on off-nuclear TDE 2025abcr show shifting emission-line velocities from a changing reprocessing layer and an IR power-law slope of -2.13 that is consistent with either reprocessing gas or a young stellar cluster of mass ~10^7.6 solar masses.
-
Adaptive Riemannian Manifold Hamiltonian Monte Carlo with Hierarchical Metric
An adaptive hierarchical RMHMC sampler with closed-form leapfrog integrator and automatic mass matrix tuning for efficient MCMC in high-dimensional Bayesian problems.
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Multirate Stein Variational Gradient Descent for Efficient Bayesian Sampling
Multirate SVGD improves robustness and efficiency over standard SVGD by updating attraction and repulsion on independent time scales, with strongest gains on hierarchical and multimodal targets.
-
Bayesian Multivariate Sparse Functional Principal Components Analysis
MSFAST extends the FAST FPCA method to multivariate sparse data via Bayesian modeling with orthonormal splines, standardization, Procrustes alignment, and efficient computation, yielding valid inferences especially in low signal-to-noise settings.
-
Evolving Dark Energy Is Vacuum Energy After All
A QCD-vacuum-based model of dynamical dark energy fits Planck+ACT+SPT, DESI DR2, and supernova data while reproducing the late-time evolution favored by DESI.
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Data assimilation for subsurface flow using latent diffusion model parameterization: performance of ensemble-Kalman and Monte Carlo techniques
Latent diffusion model parameterization allows MCMC and SMC to outperform latent-space ESMDA in data mismatch and uncertainty reduction for 3D subsurface DA, while model-space ESMDA produces unrealistic posteriors.
-
Accurate Large-sample Uncertainty Quantification using Stochastic Gradient Markov Chain Monte Carlo
New discrete-time approximations to SG(L)D enable accurate non-asymptotic predictions of covariance and integrated autocorrelation time for practical tuning in large-batch or misspecified regimes.
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Exoplanets in ancient stellar populations: occurrence constraints and hot-Jupiter candidates in the Galactic halo
Hot Jupiter occurrence in the Galactic halo is low at ~0.13% with no significant difference between in-situ and accreted populations, well below disk rates.
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Global Convergence of Sampling-Based Nonconvex Optimization through Diffusion-Style Smoothing
Recasts sampling-based nonconvex optimization as smoothed gradient descent to obtain non-asymptotic convergence guarantees and introduces the DIDA annealed algorithm that converges to the global optimum.
-
Scale selection for geometric medians on product manifolds
Joint location-scale minimization for geometric medians on product manifolds degenerates to marginal medians, and three new scale-selection methods restore identifiability with asymptotic guarantees.
-
Sifting for a Stream: The Morphology of the $300S$ Stellar Stream
300S stellar stream exhibits three density peaks, smooth width variations, a possible 4.7 degree gap, and a kink modeled as resulting from Large Magellanic Cloud interaction across its full known footprint.
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The Atacama Cosmology Telescope: DR6 Gravitational Lensing Map and Cosmological Parameters
ACT DR6 CMB lensing map gives σ8 = 0.819 ± 0.015 and H0 = 68.3 ± 1.1 km/s/Mpc, consistent with Planck ΛCDM but 1.7-2.1σ higher in S8 than KiDS, DES, and HSC galaxy surveys.
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dynesty: A Dynamic Nested Sampling Package for Estimating Bayesian Posteriors and Evidences
dynesty is an open-source Python package for dynamic nested sampling that improves efficiency in Bayesian posterior and evidence estimation compared to MCMC on certain problems.
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Posterior sampling in the Age of Emulators
Compares MH, MALA, HMC, NUTS, and AIES on differentiable likelihood emulators for ΛCDM and sterile-neutrino models, finding MALA and MH competitive in wall time despite NUTS needing fewer samples.
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Density Evolution: A Multiscale View of Density Estimation
A review reframing density estimation as 'density evolution' across scales, linking kernel smoothing to heat flow, mixtures to compression, and topology to level sets, while stating three structural results on modes, Gaussian semigroups, and log-concavity.
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Bayesian Classification with Probit-link Split-and-merge Gaussian Process Prior in EEG-based Brain-Computer Interfaces
A Bayesian generative framework with P-SMGP prior performs spatial-temporal feature selection for EEG binary classification, reducing complexity while maintaining accuracy and adding interpretability.
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A Scalable Parametric Item Calibration Engine (SPICE) for Explanatory IRT with Sparse Data
SPICE is a scalable Bayesian MCMC engine for explanatory IRT calibration on sparsely linked persons and items in large assessment banks.
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A tidally detached super Neptune on a strongly misaligned retrograde orbit
TOI-1710 b has a true obliquity of 149 degrees indicating retrograde motion, favoring high-eccentricity migration via planet-planet scattering and Kozai-Lidov cycles for this tidally detached super-Neptune.
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The Atacama Cosmology Telescope: stellar mass growth in massive galaxy clusters from DR5 over the past 7 billion years
Composite cluster stellar mass functions show marginal M* evolution at high z and a factor of 2.5 growth in stellar mass fraction from z=0.8 to 0.2 after accounting for halo mass growth.
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Adaptive tuning of Hamiltonian Monte Carlo methods
ATune combines Gaussian theoretical analysis with burn-in simulation data to select system-specific splitting integrators and hyperparameter credible intervals for improved HMC stability and performance.
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Quantum Subroutines in Branch-Price-and-Cut for Vehicle Routing
The authors integrate quantum annealing and QAOA as subroutines for pricing and separation in a branch-price-and-cut algorithm for vehicle routing problems.
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A new $H_0$ measurement with SNe Requiem and Encore using $\texttt{Gravity.jl}$
New H0 = 67.0 +9.3/-7.8 km/s/Mpc from joint lens-model fit to time delays of SN Requiem and SN Encore in MACS J0138.0-2155.
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A Model-Driven Approach for Developing Families of Reinforcement Learning Environments
A hybrid genetic algorithm with model transformations generates families of RL training environments, demonstrated for wildfire mitigation and curriculum learning.
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A local Universe catalogue of structures and voids dynamically identified using Cosmic-Flows4++ZOA peculiar velocities
A catalogue of 37 voids (radii 13-38 h^{-1} Mpc) and 42 knots (volumes 10^4 to 3.3x10^5 h^{-3} Mpc^3) is presented using V-web on CF4++ZOA peculiar velocities within z=0.1.
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GJ 3929 b as the First Complete Rocky Worlds DDT Data Set
Complete four-observation JWST dataset for GJ 3929 b yields 118±22 ppm eclipse depth, consistent with bare rock while allowing thin atmospheres and ruling out only thick CO2 cases at >3σ.
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Bayesian estimation of spectral parameters of the 6.7-GHz methanol maser G339.884-1.259 from GRAO observations
Bayesian MCMC decomposition of the G339.884-1.259 methanol maser spectrum identifies seven velocity components and statistically prefers the Voigt profile over Gaussian or Lorentzian based on AIC, BIC, RMSE, and R².
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KiDS+VIKING-450 cosmology with Bayesian hierarchical model redshift distributions
Bayesian hierarchical modeling of photometric redshifts in KiDS+VIKING-450 raises S8 to 0.756 ± 0.039 and reduces Planck tension to 1.9σ.
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An Outer Giant Planet or Brown Dwarf in the 51 Pegasi System?
Tentative evidence for a super-Jupiter at 15-100 AU or brown dwarf at 20-170 AU in 51 Pegasi from RV curvature, but the signal is likely driven by Lick/Hamilton instrument drift.
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Multiwavelength Study of Blue Straggler Stars in Tombaugh 2: Evidence for Binary Mass Transfer and Constraints on Cluster Dynamical State
In Tombaugh 2, 32% of blue straggler stars show ultraviolet excess from hot companions consistent with recent binary mass transfer, supporting this channel over mergers in a low-density cluster.
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Gamma-Ray Bursts as an Independent High-Redshift Probe of Dark Energy
Forecasts show that ~66 optical GRBs can achieve σ_w ≈ 0.47 in wCDM using Dainotti relations, matching Planck precision and enabling independent high-redshift tests of dark energy.
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Constraints of dynamical dark energy models from different observational datasets
Bayesian constraints on seven w(a) parameterizations with CMB+BAO+SNIa datasets favor the logarithmic model over LambdaCDM in several combinations and show modest sigma8 relief.
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Union Through UNITY: Cosmology with 2,000 SNe Using a Unified Bayesian Framework
Union3 compilation of 2087 SNe Ia with UNITY1.5 framework shows 1.7-2.6 sigma tension with LambdaCDM and possible thawing dark energy.
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Hawai`i Supernova Flows: Bulk Flow Measurements using SNe Ia in the Optical and NIR
Bulk flow measurements from Hawai`i Supernova Flows SNe Ia yield speeds of 100-400 km/s consistent with ΛCDM expectations at z ≲ 0.1.
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Blue Straggler Stars in Berkeley 18: A Multiwavelength Study of Their Physical Properties and Dynamical Evolution
Multiwavelength study identifies 24 BSS candidates in Berkeley 18, derives their properties via SEDs, and infers binary evolution as the dominant channel from low dynamical interaction indicators.
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Confirmation of Fe I on MASCARA-5 b's Dayside Observed With EXPRES
Confirmation of Fe I emission on MASCARA-5 b's dayside at 5.5 sigma significance using EXPRES, supporting a thermally inverted atmosphere with temperatures from ~2000 K to ~4500 K.