Discovery and characterization of the highest-redshift barred spiral galaxy candidate at z=5.102, with bar length ~4.5 kpc, stellar mass 10^10.45 solar masses, SFR 144 solar masses per year, and evidence for AGN and interaction.
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Four faint red point sources near critical curves in JWST images of Abell S1063 are interpreted as extremely magnified AGB stars and a yellow supergiant at cosmic noon.
JWST and ALMA data provide the earliest direct evidence of ram-pressure stripping in a post-starburst galaxy at z=3.06, implying the process can quench star formation in nascent groups at z>3.
Anisotropic quenching is detected at the highest redshift yet and linked to preprocessing dominating over intrahalo effects by ~20% along the major axis in a delay-then-rapid quenching model informed by cluster accretion histories.
JWST MIRI observations of 634 galaxies at 0.2<z<2 yield IR luminosity functions with faint-end slope α≈0.147, implying lower dust-obscured SFRD than previous ALMA/Herschel/Spitzer studies.
At z=1, disk galaxies exhibit U-shaped stellar age profiles with turnover at the edge, indicating inside-out growth with approximately 300% mass increase in outer regions since z=0.
Spectroscopic observations of six low-mass, metal-poor SLSN host galaxies reveal slow stellar-wind-driven outflows with velocities 37-104 km/s and mass-loading factors below 1 in the earliest phases of star formation.
Direct detection of ionizing photons from z~6 faint galaxies yields escape fraction ~0.8 and log ξ_ion^true = 25.86, implying higher IGM transparency and that young low-metallicity stars in such galaxies can reionize the universe.
Spectroscopic and imaging confirmation of the brightest known quadruply-lensed quasar J1330-0905 at z=2.22 with Einstein radius ~0.45 arcsec and predicted magnification ~56.
Calculations indicate low microlensing rates through NGC1052-DF2 but O(1-10) events per year possible across the sky with LSST monitoring, potentially enabling independent IMF estimates in UDGs.
JWST difference imaging from COSMOS-Web and PRIMER has yielded 68 high-redshift supernovae including a core-collapse event at z>3 and a Type Ia at z>2, demonstrating the feasibility of wide-area time-domain searches in the early universe.
A revised zodiacal light model (ZodiSURF) adds wavelength-dependent analytical scattering phase function and albedo fitted to over 5,000 HST optical measurements, yielding ~4.5% uncertainty and revealing a 0.013 +/- 0.006 MJy/sr residual excess possibly from a dim spherical dust cloud.
Calculation predicts ~60 lensed star transients per JWST pointing in the Cosmic Horseshoe, enabling spatial tests of dark matter and constraints on the stellar IMF.
JWST spectroscopy of 295 galaxies at 5.5 < z < 14.3 shows UV slope beta reddening at z > 9.5, with lack of dust as the main driver of bluer values and nebular continuum at T > 15,000 K able to reproduce the observed range without dust.
Low-mass Paβ emitters in the Spiderweb protocluster show enhanced star formation rates compared to field galaxies, with no significant deviation at higher masses.
Massive galaxies at z>3.5 assembled stars earlier than theoretical models predict and exhibit gray dust attenuation, especially at the highest masses.
Low-luminosity FRII radio galaxies show higher core prevalence, comparable hotspots, and ~32% restarting/remnant behavior compared to bright FRIIs, revealing a highly diverse population where FRII dynamics occur at low powers.
Two z~6.6 galaxies host overmassive black holes and show remnant ionized bubbles from recent quasar episodes, with BH-to-stellar mass ratios 400-800 times above the local relation.
JWST data show massive quiescent galaxies in high-redshift proto-clusters formed and quenched simultaneously, with AGN signatures, indicating environmental triggering of quenching.
Dust geometry in z~3 SMGs produces a systematic stellar mass underestimate in integrated fits and wavelength-dependent sizes and offsets, with compact stellar cores matching the dust continuum at longer wavelengths.
EP251023a is a new extragalactic fast X-ray transient whose optical light curve is interpreted as a rare magnetar-powered internal plateau with derived upper limits on spin period and magnetic field.
Identification of a strongly lensed ultra-faint galaxy at z≈10 with F200W excess, interpreted via SED modeling as either an extremely metal-poor stellar population or a young high-ionization system with emission lines.
A galaxy at z=3.16 has a bar with older stars making up 30% of its mass but only 8% of its recent star formation, supporting inside-out galaxy formation and possible early bar quenching.
JWST data on LRDs and LBDs show AGN-like excitation, strong Lyα with broad components, and X-ray weakness, implying clumpy or equatorial geometries around growing black holes rather than complete gas envelopes.
citing papers explorer
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A massive barred spiral galaxy at z = 5.102 discovered by JWST
Discovery and characterization of the highest-redshift barred spiral galaxy candidate at z=5.102, with bar length ~4.5 kpc, stellar mass 10^10.45 solar masses, SFR 144 solar masses per year, and evidence for AGN and interaction.
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Other red dots: A possible GLIMPSE of normal AGB stars at Cosmic Noon through extreme lensing
Four faint red point sources near critical curves in JWST images of Abell S1063 are interpreted as extremely magnified AGB stars and a yellow supergiant at cosmic noon.
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A Post-starburst Galaxy Undergoing Ram-pressure Stripping at Redshift 3.06
JWST and ALMA data provide the earliest direct evidence of ram-pressure stripping in a post-starburst galaxy at z=3.06, implying the process can quench star formation in nascent groups at z>3.
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Anisotropic quenching beyond $z=1$ and its implications for preprocessing around high-redshift galaxy clusters
Anisotropic quenching is detected at the highest redshift yet and linked to preprocessing dominating over intrahalo effects by ~20% along the major axis in a delay-then-rapid quenching model informed by cluster accretion histories.
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MEGA and SMILES Find Fewer Dusty Galaxies than Expected at Cosmic Noon
JWST MIRI observations of 634 galaxies at 0.2<z<2 yield IR luminosity functions with faint-end slope α≈0.147, implying lower dust-obscured SFRD than previous ALMA/Herschel/Spitzer studies.
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Witnessing the rapid growth of disk galaxies over cosmic time using JWST and HST
At z=1, disk galaxies exhibit U-shaped stellar age profiles with turnover at the edge, indicating inside-out growth with approximately 300% mass increase in outer regions since z=0.
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Witnessing the onset of stellar winds in Super-Luminous Supernova Hosts: implications for star-formation-driven outflows in low and high-redshift galaxies
Spectroscopic observations of six low-mass, metal-poor SLSN host galaxies reveal slow stellar-wind-driven outflows with velocities 37-104 km/s and mass-loading factors below 1 in the earliest phases of star formation.
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The Great Escape of ionizing photons during Cosmic Morning
Direct detection of ionizing photons from z~6 faint galaxies yields escape fraction ~0.8 and log ξ_ion^true = 25.86, implying higher IGM transparency and that young low-metallicity stars in such galaxies can reionize the universe.
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Persephone's Torch: A 15th Magnitude Quadruply-Lensed Quasar From the Couch Discovered with SPHEREx and the LBT
Spectroscopic and imaging confirmation of the brightest known quadruply-lensed quasar J1330-0905 at z=2.22 with Einstein radius ~0.45 arcsec and predicted magnification ~56.
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Extragalactic microlensing through Ultra Diffuse Galaxies
Calculations indicate low microlensing rates through NGC1052-DF2 but O(1-10) events per year possible across the sky with LSST monitoring, potentially enabling independent IMF estimates in UDGs.
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Expanding the High-z Supernova Frontier: "Wide-Area" JWST Discoveries from the First Two Years of COSMOS-Web
JWST difference imaging from COSMOS-Web and PRIMER has yielded 68 high-redshift supernovae including a core-collapse event at z>3 and a Type Ia at z>2, demonstrating the feasibility of wide-area time-domain searches in the early universe.
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SKYSURF-11: A New Zodiacal Light Model Optimized for Optical Wavelengths
A revised zodiacal light model (ZodiSURF) adds wavelength-dependent analytical scattering phase function and albedo fitted to over 5,000 HST optical measurements, yielding ~4.5% uncertainty and revealing a 0.013 +/- 0.006 MJy/sr residual excess possibly from a dim spherical dust cloud.
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Lensed stars in galaxy-galaxy strong lensing -- a JWST prediction for the Cosmic Horseshoe
Calculation predicts ~60 lensed star transients per JWST pointing in the Cosmic Horseshoe, enabling spatial tests of dark matter and constraints on the stellar IMF.
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Hitting the slopes: A spectroscopic view of UV continuum slopes of galaxies reveals a reddening at z > 9.5
JWST spectroscopy of 295 galaxies at 5.5 < z < 14.3 shows UV slope beta reddening at z > 9.5, with lack of dust as the main driver of bluer values and nebular continuum at T > 15,000 K able to reproduce the observed range without dust.
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Spider-Webb: enhanced star formation in low-mass galaxies within the Spiderweb protocluster revealed by JWST Pa$\beta$ narrow-band imaging
Low-mass Paβ emitters in the Spiderweb protocluster show enhanced star formation rates compared to field galaxies, with no significant deviation at higher masses.
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Massive Galaxies Form Early and Gray: Stellar Assembly and Dust Attenuation at $\mathbf{z>3.5}$ from CAPERS
Massive galaxies at z>3.5 assembled stars earlier than theoretical models predict and exhibit gray dust attenuation, especially at the highest masses.
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The diverse morphologies and evolution of low-luminosity edge-brightened radio galaxies
Low-luminosity FRII radio galaxies show higher core prevalence, comparable hotspots, and ~32% restarting/remnant behavior compared to bright FRIIs, revealing a highly diverse population where FRII dynamics occur at low powers.
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Life After the Quasar: Overmassive Black Holes and Remnant Ionised Bubbles in and Around Two z~6.6 Galaxies
Two z~6.6 galaxies host overmassive black holes and show remnant ionized bubbles from recent quasar episodes, with BH-to-stellar mass ratios 400-800 times above the local relation.
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DeepDive: Simultaneous Formation of Massive Quiescent Galaxies in High-Redshift Galaxy Proto-clusters
JWST data show massive quiescent galaxies in high-redshift proto-clusters formed and quenched simultaneously, with AGN signatures, indicating environmental triggering of quenching.
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ALESS--JWST: Dust-driven Morphologies and Hidden Stellar Mass in $z\sim3$ Sub-millimeter Galaxies
Dust geometry in z~3 SMGs produces a systematic stellar mass underestimate in integrated fits and wavelength-dependent sizes and offsets, with compact stellar cores matching the dust continuum at longer wavelengths.
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EP251023a: A fast X-ray transient featuring a magnetar-powered optical internal plateau followed by a steep decay
EP251023a is a new extragalactic fast X-ray transient whose optical light curve is interpreted as a rare magnetar-powered internal plateau with derived upper limits on spin period and magnetic field.
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A Strongly Lensed Ultra-faint Arc at $z \approx 10$ with an F200W excess in Abell S1063
Identification of a strongly lensed ultra-faint galaxy at z≈10 with F200W excess, interpreted via SED modeling as either an extremely metal-poor stellar population or a young high-ionization system with emission lines.
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Discovery of a Barred-Spiral Galaxy at $z_{spec}$ = 3.16 II. The Star Formation History
A galaxy at z=3.16 has a bar with older stars making up 30% of its mass but only 8% of its recent star formation, supporting inside-out galaxy formation and possible early bar quenching.
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Little Red and Blue Dots: AGN-excited narrow lines, Lyman-$\alpha$ emission, and resemblance to standard quasars
JWST data on LRDs and LBDs show AGN-like excitation, strong Lyα with broad components, and X-ray weakness, implying clumpy or equatorial geometries around growing black holes rather than complete gas envelopes.
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CANUCS/Technicolor Data Release 2: A Catalogue of Galaxy Structural Parameters in up to 29 HST+JWST bands and a Multi-Wavelength Exploration of the Galaxy Size-Mass Relation at $0.6 < z \leq 4$
The size-mass relation for star-forming galaxies at 0.6 < z ≤ 4 shows a gradient in slope with rest-frame wavelength, crossing at ~10^9.5 solar masses proposed as the transition between diffuse and compact morphologies.
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Between Degeneracy and Evolution: UV-to-optical Insights into the BH$^*$ Model in Little Red Dots
Bayesian continuum fitting of 66 LRDs shows the BH* model fits ~6% best, rising to ~40% under AGN-disfavoring priors, with most objects stellar/AGN-dominated and possible evolutionary trends.
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Recalibration of SDSS photometric zero-points based on the InfraRed Flux Method temperature scale
Revised SDSS ugriz zero-points obtained by inverting IRFM on 6000+ FGK stars to match an adopted temperature scale, with largest offset in u band depending on filter curves.
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JWST Advanced Deep Extragalactic Survey (JADES) Data Release 5: stellar population catalogue for galaxies in GOODS-N and GOODS-S
JADES DR5 delivers a public catalog of Bayesian-inferred stellar masses, SFRs, SFHs, dust, metallicities, and AGN contributions for ~500k galaxies via Prospector with an evolving SFMS prior.
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Euclid preparation: Testing multi-field inflation with galaxy power spectrum and bispectrum
Validates redshift-space power spectrum and bispectrum analysis on Abacus-PNG mocks to recover unbiased f_NL constraints for Euclid spectroscopic sample.
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The Evolution of the SFR-M_* relation at 0.1<z<4: Environmental and Morphological Dependencies
The SFR-M_* relation develops a high-mass decline at low redshifts, driven mainly by morphological quenching from internal structure rather than environmental effects on star-forming galaxies.
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Photometric Super-Resolution for Improving Galaxy Morphological Measurements using Conditional Generative Adversarial Networks
Neo, a cGAN, super-resolves HSC images to HST-like quality and improves galaxy morphological parameter accuracy by factors of 2-10.
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The role of small-scale environments in the quenching of massive galaxies at $1<z<5$
Massive quiescent galaxies at high redshifts show elevated fractions in small-scale overdensities, indicating environmental quenching via galaxy interactions plays a major role.
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JWST Advanced Deep Extragalactic Survey (JADES) Data Release 5: Photometrically Selected Galaxy Candidates at z > 8
JADES DR5 delivers 2081 z_phot > 8 galaxy candidates with UV slope trends, morphological evidence of clumpy growth, and improved photo-z methods tested on a spectroscopic subsample.
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The NIRISS PASSAGE Spectroscopic Redshift Catalog in COSMOS
PASSAGE releases 2183 spectroscopic redshifts (0.08<z<4.7) from JWST NIRISS observations in COSMOS, with strong agreement to photometric redshifts for multi-line sources and a quantified ~18% misidentification rate for single-line emitters.
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The Double-Peaked Calcium-Strong SN 2025coe: Progenitor Constraints from Early Interaction and Ejecta Asymmetries
SN 2025coe's double-peaked light curve and nebular spectra are consistent with either an asymmetric core-collapse explosion of a low-mass He-core progenitor or a thermonuclear hybrid white dwarf merger.
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Towards Reconciling Reionization with JWST: The Role of Bright Galaxies and Strong Feedback
Strong-feedback models with bright galaxies match JWST UVLF at z greater than or equal to 10 and predict an extended reionization from z approximately 16 to 6 that fits CMB optical depth within 2 sigma.
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Quantifying the inside-out formation of disk galaxies at $1.5 \le z \le 3.0$
JWST observations show larger average rest-UV than rest-optical sizes in z=1.5-3 galaxies, supporting inside-out disk formation after dust correction.
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Ly$\rm \alpha$ halos and UV continuum morphologies of Tadpole Galaxies at $z> 3$
Tadpole galaxies at high redshift commonly show extended, symmetric Lyα halos that are spatially offset from their UV continuum emission.
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Shape-Preserving Evolution of the Global Ultraviolet Quasar Luminosity Function to $z\simeq7.5$
Shape-preserving LADE models with fixed local LF shape provide the statistically preferred description of UV QLF evolution to z~7.5 over flexible alternatives based on AIC/BIC.
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Empirical colour--effective temperature relations in the SDSS system from IRFM temperatures of GALAH and APOGEE stars
New empirical color-Teff calibrations in the SDSS system from IRFM temperatures of 3902 GALAH and 2535 APOGEE stars, with 30-50 K precision for long-baseline colors.
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PEARLS: JWST Counterparts of Micro-Jy Radio Sources in the NEP Time Domain Field. II. All Four Spokes
JWST finds infrared counterparts for nearly all micro-Jy radio sources, with star formation explaining the radio output in roughly 79% of cases after accounting for non-linear luminosity relations.
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PEARLS: Two Distinct Populations of AGN Hosts Moving Between Star Formation and Quiescence
NIRCam-selected AGN hosts split into a 'bridge' group with moderate-to-low SFRs and a 'branch' group above the SFMS with SFR rising with AGN fraction; both populations show recent transitions between star formation and quiescence.
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Prevailing thermally-pulsing-asymptotic-giant branch stars in the near-infrared rest-frame spectra of distant quiescent galaxies: towards robust galaxy ages and masses
Models with prominent TP-AGB phases best fit the near-IR spectra of high-redshift quiescent galaxies, yielding younger ages and lower stellar masses than models with weaker TP-AGB contributions.
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Calibrating Photometric Mid-Infrared Star Formation Rates for JWST
Rest-frame 6-8um MIRI luminosity provides broken power-law SFR calibrations with 0.2-0.3 dex scatter and UV+IR composites at 0.15 dex, supporting robust use above log M* ~9 up to z~3.
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Testing masking effectiveness using multi-line image cubes based on COSMOS2020 for [CII] line intensity mapping at $z_{[CII]} > 3.5$
Simulations from COSMOS2020 show masking recovers [CII] above 300 GHz in ideal conditions but noise prevents useful S/N until near the end of 2000-hour observations.
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Robustness Analysis of USmorph: II. Optimizing Feature Extraction, Dimensionality Reduction, and Clustering for Unsupervised Galaxy Morphology Classification
Optimizes ImageNet-pretrained AlexNet, UMAP, and a bagging multi-cluster voting scheme with K-means, Birch and Agg for unsupervised galaxy morphology classification, reporting improved stability and consistency with galaxy evolution expectations.
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Spectral signatures from the habitable zone
Optimistic calculations indicate Earth-like planets are detectable with O2 biosignatures characterizable in 20 hours, but enhanced HI technosignatures remain too weak to constrain even after hundreds of hours.
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Unlocking the Full Potential of SKAO Extra-galactic Science with High-multiplex Optical Spectroscopy
Optical spectroscopy is required to unlock the full potential of SKAO extragalactic surveys through precise redshifts, activity diagnostics, HI stacking, and large-scale structure mapping.
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GRB 250424A: A Case Study of Energy Injection with Multiwavelength Observations
GRB 250424A afterglow shows simultaneous shallow decay in X-ray and optical bands modeled as continuous energy injection (q≈0.34) into a forward shock in constant-density medium, with E_K,iso ≈5.5×10^52 erg and no clear supernova component.
- Discovery of a Featureless Tidal Disruption Event at z~1 with the Wide Field Survey Telescope