FigSIM is the first annotated dataset for fine-grained suicide severity and figurative language in suicide memes, accompanied by benchmarks on 16 unimodal and multimodal models.
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- method These channels are not independent signals but jointly represent a single complex-valued measurement, where the relationship between them encodes the local phase. Unlike magnitude-only approaches, where a single intensity channel is compressed, this coupling must be explicitly preserved. The architecture, loss function, and evaluation metrics described below are designed accordingly. The architecture is implemented as a ResNet-based [20] conditional variational autoencoder (CVAE) [21]. The encod
- method Together, these considerations make a scalable, high-speed, and robust reconstruction capable of operating at Monte Carlo scale essential for Hyper-Kamiokande. Machine-learning based reconstruction offers a promising path toward meeting these computational and topological chal- lenges. Convolutional neural networks [ 16], and in particular residual networks (ResNets) [17], are well suited to process the high-dimensional charge and time images recorded by the PMT array. At Super-Kamiokande, machi
- method Instead of binary classification, our model classifies into four states (LL,L,H,HH), and instead of training CNN feature extractors from scratch, we use pre-trained ResNet50 using transfer learning. The model architecture is shown in Figure 3. 3.6.1 Feature extraction.The first step is to extract features from each of the seven images. Here we apply transfer learning using ResNet50 [22], pre-trained on a large dataset. We extract information from the penultimate layer of ResNet50, compressing ea
- dataset historical video and recomputes attention upon query arrival. (2) ReKV [12] retrieves query-relevant KVCache at the token level. (3) LiveVLM [13] further combines token-level retrieval with KVCache compression to reduce memory usage. (4) StreamMem [14] also compresses KVCache, but under a TABLE II DATASET CONFIGURATIONS. Dataset Max Length Description MLVU [19] 703s multi-task long video LongVideoBench [20] 468s long-term multi-modal video VideoMME [21] 1,018s full-spectrum multi-modal video RVS
- background Training on such data could reinforce areas where AI systems are vulnerable [37, 796], enhancing their robustness in real-world applications. Adversarial examples can be constructed in various ways. One straightforward approach is to add small perturbations to inputs, which preserves their original labels while introducing adversarial characteristics [100, 260, 300, 504]. Another effective strategy is red teaming, which usually involves human teams systematically testing to find vulnerabilities
- method histopathological images [2], [4], [5], [6]. CNN have been widely adopted for cancer detection due to their ability to capture local texture patterns and hierarchical spatial features. Residual learning has been introduced to alleviate the vanishing gradient problem, leading to significant improvements in deep feature representation, as exemplified by ResNet architectures [7]. Similarly, DenseNet and kernel architectures enhance feature reuse and gradient flow, while EfficientNet achieves state-
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representative citing papers
Quantitative Bayesian inference using a deep-learning emulator detects 0.018-0.020 M_sun of helium in the Type Ic supernova 2014L.
HASTE enables training-free dynamic compression of pre-trained CNNs by patch-wise LSH-based merging of redundant channels, reporting 46.2% FLOPs reduction on ResNet34 CIFAR-10 with 1.25% accuracy drop.
An event-camera system with active gaze control and contrast-maximization spin estimation achieves real-time performance in table tennis with 8.8% magnitude error, 6.4° axis error, 3 ms latency, and 750 Hz throughput.
MATCH is the first flow matching method for multi-view anomaly detection, reporting SOTA results on Real-IAD and the first comprehensive evaluation on MANTA-Tiny while enabling real-time use by omitting the divergence term.
Spatial multiplexing in optical neural networks is repurposed as a trainable representational coordinate, demonstrated in multi-layer architectures for image classification, regression, and hybrid vision-language captioning with over one million optical phase parameters.
An ILP-based oracle applied to seven VIS methods on YouTube-VIS and OVIS shows tracking instability as the dominant bottleneck, producing gaps exceeding 20 AP under occlusion while classification impact is secondary.
DELOS applies contrastive learning to phase-folded light curves to detect shallow intermediate-to-long period transits, reporting 15.5% and 11.25% gains in combined precision-recall over BLS and TLS in low-SNR tests plus 3-80x speedups.
SDM is a new staged gradient attack that reconstructs the adversarial objective around probability differences and reports stronger performance than prior methods like APGD.
Argus enables backdoor detection in decentralized ML by collaborative neighbor-based validation of triggers, backed by convergence theory and reducing attack success by up to 90% on tested datasets.
RAT reformulates regularized natural policy gradients as vanilla gradients with a transformed advantage, computed efficiently via randomized block Kaczmarz iterations on on-policy data.
PluRule is a new multimodal multilingual benchmark showing that state-of-the-art vision-language models perform only marginally better than a trivial baseline at detecting specific rule violations in pluralistic online communities.
LLQR+SAM pairs a slow learned geometry preconditioner with fast SAM perturbations to amplify escape from locally sharp 'potholes' while stabilizing flat basins, producing consistent gains over SAM and LLQR alone.
MorphoHELM is a new benchmark for Cell Painting morphology representations that tests methods across increasing batch effect levels and finds classic computer vision strategies remain the strongest general-purpose performers.
VCR learns valid contextual representations for incomplete wearable signals via orthogonal disentanglement and missing-aware mixture-of-experts, improving robustness across full and missing-modality settings.
The paper develops a martingale-consistent SSL framework enforcing expected coherence between coarse and refined predictions via new objectives and a Monte Carlo estimator, improving robustness under partial observations.
Urban-ImageNet is a 2-million-image multi-modal dataset with HUSIC 10-class taxonomy enabling benchmarks for urban scene classification, cross-modal retrieval, and instance segmentation.
GPROF-IR is a CNN-based retrieval that uses temporal context in geostationary IR observations to produce precipitation estimates with lower error than prior IR methods and climatological consistency with PMW retrievals for integration into IMERG V08.
The paper introduces the VODA setting for domain adaptation from scratch using vision-language models and presents TS-DRD, which achieves competitive performance on standard benchmarks without source models.
GEODE uses per-sample cosine-similarity scaling in a norm loss to preserve feature geometry for universal scorer-compatible OOD detection, matching or exceeding OE performance on CIFAR benchmarks.
Stealth Pretraining Seeding plants persistent unsafe behaviors in LLMs via diffuse poisoned web content that activates on precise triggers and evades standard evaluation.
Trust-SSL introduces additive-residual trust weights in SSL to selectively handle corruptions in aerial imagery, yielding higher linear-probe accuracy and larger gains under severe degradations than SimCLR or VICReg.
FRTSearch reframes fast radio transient detection as instance segmentation on dynamic spectra and uses the segmented shapes to infer dispersion measure and time of arrival, achieving 98% recall with over 99.9% fewer false positives than traditional methods.
CapBench is a new multi-PDK dataset of post-layout 3D windows with high-fidelity capacitance labels and multiple ML-ready representations, plus baseline results showing CNN accuracy versus GNN speed trade-offs.
citing papers explorer
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FigSIM: A Dataset for Fine-grained Suicide Severity and Figurative Language in Suicide Memes
FigSIM is the first annotated dataset for fine-grained suicide severity and figurative language in suicide memes, accompanied by benchmarks on 16 unimodal and multimodal models.
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Traces of Helium Detected in Type Ic Supernova 2014L
Quantitative Bayesian inference using a deep-learning emulator detects 0.018-0.020 M_sun of helium in the Type Ic supernova 2014L.
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HASTE: A Framework for Training-Free, Dynamic, and Steerable Compression of Pre-Trained Convolutional Neural Networks
HASTE enables training-free dynamic compression of pre-trained CNNs by patch-wise LSH-based merging of redundant channels, reporting 46.2% FLOPs reduction on ResNet34 CIFAR-10 with 1.25% accuracy drop.
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Event-based Gaze Control System for Accurate Real-time Spin Estimation in Professional Ball Games
An event-camera system with active gaze control and contrast-maximization spin estimation achieves real-time performance in table tennis with 8.8% magnitude error, 6.4° axis error, 3 ms latency, and 750 Hz throughput.
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MATCH: Flow Matching for Multi-View Anomaly Detection
MATCH is the first flow matching method for multi-view anomaly detection, reporting SOTA results on Real-IAD and the first comprehensive evaluation on MANTA-Tiny while enabling real-time use by omitting the divergence term.
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Multi-channel Optical Vision Model
Spatial multiplexing in optical neural networks is repurposed as a trainable representational coordinate, demonstrated in multi-layer architectures for image classification, regression, and hybrid vision-language captioning with over one million optical phase parameters.
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Mind the Gap: Disentangling Performance Bottlenecks in Video Instance Segmentation
An ILP-based oracle applied to seven VIS methods on YouTube-VIS and OVIS shows tracking instability as the dominant bottleneck, producing gaps exceeding 20 AP under occlusion while classification impact is secondary.
-
DELOS: Detecting Shallow Transits in Kepler Photometry Using a Contrastive-Learning Framework
DELOS applies contrastive learning to phase-folded light curves to detect shallow intermediate-to-long period transits, reporting 15.5% and 11.25% gains in combined precision-recall over BLS and TLS in low-SNR tests plus 3-80x speedups.
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SDM: A Powerful Tool for Evaluating Model Robustness
SDM is a new staged gradient attack that reconstructs the adversarial objective around probability differences and reports stronger performance than prior methods like APGD.
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Your Neighbors Know: Leveraging Local Neighborhoods for Backdoor Detection in Decentralized Learning
Argus enables backdoor detection in decentralized ML by collaborative neighbor-based validation of triggers, backed by convergence theory and reducing attack success by up to 90% on tested datasets.
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Randomized Advantage Transformation (RAT): Computing Natural Policy Gradients via Direct Backpropagation
RAT reformulates regularized natural policy gradients as vanilla gradients with a transformed advantage, computed efficiently via randomized block Kaczmarz iterations on on-policy data.
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PluRule: A Benchmark for Moderating Pluralistic Communities on Social Media
PluRule is a new multimodal multilingual benchmark showing that state-of-the-art vision-language models perform only marginally better than a trivial baseline at detecting specific rule violations in pluralistic online communities.
-
Navigating Potholes with Geometry-Aware Sharpness Minimization
LLQR+SAM pairs a slow learned geometry preconditioner with fast SAM perturbations to amplify escape from locally sharp 'potholes' while stabilizing flat basins, producing consistent gains over SAM and LLQR alone.
-
MorphoHELM: A Comprehensive Benchmark for Evaluating Representations for Microscopy-Based Morphology Assays
MorphoHELM is a new benchmark for Cell Painting morphology representations that tests methods across increasing batch effect levels and finds classic computer vision strategies remain the strongest general-purpose performers.
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VCR: Learning Valid Contextual Representation for Incomplete Wearable Signals
VCR learns valid contextual representations for incomplete wearable signals via orthogonal disentanglement and missing-aware mixture-of-experts, improving robustness across full and missing-modality settings.
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Martingale-Consistent Self-Supervised Learning
The paper develops a martingale-consistent SSL framework enforcing expected coherence between coarse and refined predictions via new objectives and a Monte Carlo estimator, improving robustness under partial observations.
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Urban-ImageNet: A Large-Scale Multi-Modal Dataset and Evaluation Framework for Urban Space Perception
Urban-ImageNet is a 2-million-image multi-modal dataset with HUSIC 10-class taxonomy enabling benchmarks for urban scene classification, cross-modal retrieval, and instance segmentation.
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GPROF-IR: An Improved Single-Channel Infrared Precipitation Retrieval for Merged Satellite Precipitation Products
GPROF-IR is a CNN-based retrieval that uses temporal context in geostationary IR observations to produce precipitation estimates with lower error than prior IR methods and climatological consistency with PMW retrievals for integration into IMERG V08.
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Rethinking the Need for Source Models: Source-Free Domain Adaptation from Scratch Guided by a Vision-Language Model
The paper introduces the VODA setting for domain adaptation from scratch using vision-language models and presents TS-DRD, which achieves competitive performance on standard benchmarks without source models.
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GEODE: Angle-Adaptive OOD Detection with Universal Scorer Compatibility
GEODE uses per-sample cosine-similarity scaling in a norm loss to preserve feature geometry for universal scorer-compatible OOD detection, matching or exceeding OE performance on CIFAR benchmarks.
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PermaFrost-Attack: Stealth Pretraining Seeding(SPS) for planting Logic Landmines During LLM Training
Stealth Pretraining Seeding plants persistent unsafe behaviors in LLMs via diffuse poisoned web content that activates on precise triggers and evades standard evaluation.
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Trust-SSL: Additive-Residual Selective Invariance for Robust Aerial Self-Supervised Learning
Trust-SSL introduces additive-residual trust weights in SSL to selectively handle corruptions in aerial imagery, yielding higher linear-probe accuracy and larger gains under severe degradations than SimCLR or VICReg.
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FRTSearch: Unified Detection and Parameter Inference of Fast Radio Transients using Instance Segmentation
FRTSearch reframes fast radio transient detection as instance segmentation on dynamic spectra and uses the segmented shapes to infer dispersion measure and time of arrival, achieving 98% recall with over 99.9% fewer false positives than traditional methods.
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CapBench: A Multi-PDK Dataset for Machine-Learning-Based Post-Layout Capacitance Extraction
CapBench is a new multi-PDK dataset of post-layout 3D windows with high-fidelity capacitance labels and multiple ML-ready representations, plus baseline results showing CNN accuracy versus GNN speed trade-offs.
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Mosaic: Cross-Modal Clustering for Efficient Video Understanding
Mosaic uses cross-modal clusters as the unit for KVCache organization in VLMs to achieve up to 1.38x speedup in streaming long-video understanding.
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SMCNet: Supervised Surface Material Classification Using mmWave Radar IQ Signals and Complex-valued CNNs
SMCNet applies a complex-valued CNN to mmWave radar IQ data for high-accuracy surface material classification across multiple and unseen sensing distances.
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Hidden in the Multiplicative Interaction: Uncovering Fragility in Multimodal Contrastive Learning
Multimodal contrastive learning using multilinear products is fragile to single bad modalities, and a gated version improves top-1 retrieval accuracy on synthetic and real trimodal data.
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Lightweight True In-Pixel Encryption with FeFET Enabled Pixel Design for Secure Imaging
SecurePix uses FeFET multidomain polarization states for in-pixel symmetric-key encryption, dropping ResNet-18 accuracy to 9.58% on MNIST and 6.98% on CIFAR-10 while supporting key-based decryption via lookup table.
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Dynamic Free-Rider Detection in Federated Learning via Simulated Attack Patterns
S2-WEF detects dynamic free-riders in federated learning by simulating attack WEF patterns from prior global models, combining them with mutual deviation scores, and using two-dimensional clustering without proxy data or pre-training.
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Fusion2Print: Deep Flash-Non-Flash Fusion for Contactless Fingerprint Matching
Fusion2Print fuses flash-non-flash contactless fingerprints via attention-based networks and U-Net enhancement to reach AUC 0.999 and EER 1.12% with cross-domain compatibility.
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Effective Model Pruning: Measure The Redundancy of Model Components
EMP maps importance scores to effective sample size N_eff and prunes the lowest N - N_eff components, with a derived lower bound on retained effective mass and upper bound on loss increase.
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Revisiting Image Manipulation Localization under Realistic Manipulation Scenarios
RITA models image manipulation localization as ordered sequence prediction with a new benchmark HSIM and HSS metric to handle multi-step editing processes.
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MAGIC: Few-Shot Mask-Guided Anomaly Inpainting with Prompt Perturbation, Spatially Adaptive Guidance, and Context Awareness
MAGIC is a few-shot mask-guided anomaly inpainting framework using Gaussian prompt perturbation, spatially adaptive guidance, and context-aware mask alignment to produce high-fidelity, diverse anomalies that outperform prior methods on downstream detection tasks.
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Language Models as Knowledge Bases?
BERT stores relational knowledge extractable via cloze queries without fine-tuning and matches supervised baselines on open-domain QA tasks.
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Multipolar Magnetic-Field Inference for PSR J0740+6620 with Neural-Network-Accelerated NICER Pulse-Profile Modeling
Neural-network surrogate accelerated MCMC infers multipolar magnetic field parameters for PSR J0740+6620 from NICER data, finding broad multimodal posteriors and disfavoring a zero-offset model.
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Socratic agents for autonomous scientific discovery in high-dimensional physical systems
AHOIS is a Socratic multi-agent AI that autonomously discovers and validates a random-interference encoding strategy for multimode fiber optics, achieving 76.97% MNIST and 83.17% Fashion-MNIST accuracy with 16x16 measurements of effective rank 56.9.
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CascadeFormer: Depth-Tapered Transformers Motivated by Gradient Fan-in Asymmetry
CascadeFormer tapers Transformer width with depth based on gradient fan-in asymmetry to match uniform baselines in perplexity while cutting latency 8.6%.
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Minkowski-Type Wasserstein Metrics and Barycenters for Location-Scale Mixtures with Application to Domain Adaptation
A Minkowski-type Wasserstein framework for location-scale mixtures reduces multimarginal OT to discrete component transport with linear complexity and shows competitive domain adaptation performance.
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A welding penetration prediction model for laser welding process based on self-supervised learning using physics-informed neural networks
SimPhysNet achieves 96.06% accuracy classifying laser welding penetration states using self-supervised contrastive learning with a physics-informed neural network and prototypical networks on only 200 labeled images.
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Constrained Variable Projection for Structured Problems
Extends variable projection to constrained separable nonlinear least-squares via bilevel collapse, yielding exact reduced gradients and a convergent conditional-gradient algorithm.
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The $\alpha$-Index: A Penalized Authorship-Integrity Framework for Position-Weighted Scientific Contribution
The α-index is a conserved position-weighted authorship framework with a senior-author penalty that decreases credit as the number of middle authors increases.
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Radial Basis Function Networks as Projection Heads in Self-Supervised Learning
RBFN projection heads serve as competitive replacements for MLP heads in SSL and enable SNS, a label-free metric from RBF parameters that correlates strongly with logistic regression evaluation.
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Constrained hybrid modelling to predict microbial dynamics and organic matter turnover in soil systems
Hybrid neural-process model derives biokinetic parameters from genomic traits for soil organic matter turnover, with ecological constraints, and outperforms baselines on synthetic and real data.
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Gaussian Process Prior Variational Autoencoder for Endoscopic Videos
GPVAE replaces the standard VAE latent prior with a temporal Gaussian process prior, combined with endoscopy-specific encoders and specular masking, to achieve up to 26.1% lower image reconstruction RMSE on the C3VDv2 colonoscopy dataset.
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OlfactProfile: Profile-Conditioned Odor Prediction from Audiovisual Content
OlfactProfile shows structured field-wise profile conditioning improves odor prediction from audiovisual content over naive methods, with gains on background and emotion odors in a new 1,350-clip benchmark using the OAR fusion module.
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Operator Boosting Produces Pareto-Efficient PDE Surrogates
Operator Boosting constructs compact neural-operator PDE surrogates by sequential residual learning with validation-selected shrinkage, yielding 72-95% parameter reduction and accuracy gains on 21 of 30 dataset-architecture pairs.
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GEOPHYS: The Geometry of Physical Plausibility
GEOPHYS defines five geometric properties of per-frame embeddings from image encoders that detect physical implausibility in videos with SOTA accuracy and serve as an efficient verifier.
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Decoding Crystallographic Surface Chirality with Machine Learning: From Atomic Geometry to Fermi Surface Projections
A ResNet18 model classifies surface chirality from atomic models at ~73% accuracy and from Fermi surface projections at ~99% accuracy, transferring to experimental synchrotron images after fine-tuning on two frames.
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ViPER: Vision-based Packing-Aware Encoder for Robust Malware Detection
ViPER uses a LoRA-adapted ViT-B/14 with dual heads for malware classification and packing detection plus a gating mechanism and weighted losses to reach 0.8521 balanced accuracy on 200k Windows PE images while detecting packing at 0.9949 AUC.
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Jaguar: Fast Private CNN Inference with Power-of-Two Homomorphic Arithmetic
Jaguar replaces prime-modulus HE with power-of-two arithmetic to enable coefficient-domain convolution and local-shift truncation, reporting 2-3.7x lower latency than Cheetah and Rhombus on ResNet-18/50 and MobileNetV2.