CHASM is a new benchmark dataset showing that existing multimodal large language models fail to reliably detect covert advertisements on Chinese social media even after fine-tuning.
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ChatGLM: A Family of Large Language Models from GLM-130B to GLM-4 All Tools
46 Pith papers cite this work. Polarity classification is still indexing.
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abstract
We introduce ChatGLM, an evolving family of large language models that we have been developing over time. This report primarily focuses on the GLM-4 language series, which includes GLM-4, GLM-4-Air, and GLM-4-9B. They represent our most capable models that are trained with all the insights and lessons gained from the preceding three generations of ChatGLM. To date, the GLM-4 models are pre-trained on ten trillions of tokens mostly in Chinese and English, along with a small set of corpus from 24 languages, and aligned primarily for Chinese and English usage. The high-quality alignment is achieved via a multi-stage post-training process, which involves supervised fine-tuning and learning from human feedback. Evaluations show that GLM-4 1) closely rivals or outperforms GPT-4 in terms of general metrics such as MMLU, GSM8K, MATH, BBH, GPQA, and HumanEval, 2) gets close to GPT-4-Turbo in instruction following as measured by IFEval, 3) matches GPT-4 Turbo (128K) and Claude 3 for long context tasks, and 4) outperforms GPT-4 in Chinese alignments as measured by AlignBench. The GLM-4 All Tools model is further aligned to understand user intent and autonomously decide when and which tool(s) touse -- including web browser, Python interpreter, text-to-image model, and user-defined functions -- to effectively complete complex tasks. In practical applications, it matches and even surpasses GPT-4 All Tools in tasks like accessing online information via web browsing and solving math problems using Python interpreter. Over the course, we have open-sourced a series of models, including ChatGLM-6B (three generations), GLM-4-9B (128K, 1M), GLM-4V-9B, WebGLM, and CodeGeeX, attracting over 10 million downloads on Hugging face in the year 2023 alone. The open models can be accessed through https://github.com/THUDM and https://huggingface.co/THUDM.
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- abstract We introduce ChatGLM, an evolving family of large language models that we have been developing over time. This report primarily focuses on the GLM-4 language series, which includes GLM-4, GLM-4-Air, and GLM-4-9B. They represent our most capable models that are trained with all the insights and lessons gained from the preceding three generations of ChatGLM. To date, the GLM-4 models are pre-trained on ten trillions of tokens mostly in Chinese and English, along with a small set of corpus from 24 languages, and aligned primarily for Chinese and English usage. The high-quality alignment is achiev
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DDIPE poisons LLM agent skills by embedding malicious logic in documentation examples, achieving 11.6-33.5% bypass rates across frameworks while explicit attacks are blocked, with 2.5% evading detection.
PRISM is a tiered benchmark with 300 human-verified tasks across five photorealistic apartments that diagnoses embodied agent failures in basic ability, reasoning ability, and long-horizon ability using an agent-agnostic API.
K12-KGraph is a textbook-derived knowledge graph that powers a new benchmark revealing LLMs' poor curriculum cognition and a small training corpus that outperforms general instruction data on educational tasks.
LMMs perceive videos but underexploit visual content for causal reasoning due to textual shortcuts; ProCauEval diagnoses this and ADPO training reduces reliance on priors.
VITA-QinYu is the first expressive end-to-end spoken language model supporting role-playing and singing alongside conversation, trained on 15.8K hours of data and outperforming prior models on expressiveness and conversational benchmarks.
Tutti is a GPU-direct SSD-backed KV cache that removes CPU bottlenecks via object abstraction, GPU io_uring, and slack scheduling, delivering near-DRAM performance at 2x higher request rate and 27% lower cost than prior GDS-based systems.
OralMLLM-Bench reveals performance gaps between multimodal large language models and clinicians on cognitive tasks for dental radiographic analysis across periapical, panoramic, and cephalometric images.
FinSafetyBench shows that LLMs remain vulnerable to adversarial prompts that bypass financial compliance safeguards, with notably higher failure rates in Chinese-language scenarios.
AuDisAgent reformulates multimodal controversy detection as a dynamic audience dissemination process using screening, panel discussion, and arbitration agents, plus comment bootstrapping, and reports outperforming prior static methods on a public dataset.
ShredBench shows state-of-the-art MLLMs perform well on intact documents but suffer sharp drops in restoration accuracy as fragmentation increases to 8-16 pieces, indicating insufficient cross-modal semantic reasoning for VRDU.
EmoTrans is a new video benchmark with four progressive tasks that measures how well current multimodal LLMs handle dynamic emotion transitions rather than static recognition.
Introduces culture-aware humorous captioning task and staged alignment framework that improves contextual fit and balances image relevance with humor in multimodal LLMs.
C-Mining automatically mines high-fidelity Culture Points from raw multilingual text by treating cross-lingual geometric isolation in embeddings as a quantifiable signal for cultural specificity, then uses them to synthesize better instruction data.
TaxPraBen is a new benchmark with 14 datasets and a structured evaluation method for measuring LLM performance on Chinese real-world tax tasks and scenarios.
Large multimodal models display emerging but limited spatial action capabilities in goal-oriented urban 3D navigation, remaining far from human-level performance with errors diverging rapidly after critical decision points.
SalesLLM provides an automatic evaluation framework for LLM sales dialogues that correlates 0.98 with human experts and shows top models approaching human performance while weaker ones lag.
SkillTrojan demonstrates that backdoors can be placed in composable skills of agent systems to achieve up to 97% attack success rate with only minor loss in clean-task accuracy.
Visual attention in MLLMs shows inertia that hinders cognitive inference on object relations, addressed by a training-free Inertia-aware Visual Excitation method that selects dynamically emerging tokens and applies an inertia-aware penalty.
Layer-wise Laplacian energy of visual attention reveals hallucination emergence in MLLMs and enables LaSCD, a closed-form logit remapping strategy that mitigates hallucinations while preserving general performance.
UniPrefill accelerates LLM prefill via block-wise dynamic sparsification, achieving up to 2.1x TTFT speedup while supporting hybrid architectures and native vLLM continuous batching.
SemBid injects LLM-encoded Task, History, and Strategy semantics as tokens into offline bidding trajectories and uses self-attention to outperform numerical-only baselines in performance, constraint satisfaction, and robustness.
CAR reranks documents in RAG by promoting those that increase generator confidence (via answer consistency sampling) and demoting those that decrease it, yielding NDCG@5 gains on BEIR datasets that correlate with F1 improvements.
Theory-grounded authorship metrics show four LLM personalization methods score below calibrated baselines (0.484-0.508 vs. 0.626 floor), exposing a gap hidden by uncalibrated evaluations.
citing papers explorer
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CHASM: Unveiling Covert Advertisements on Chinese Social Media
CHASM is a new benchmark dataset showing that existing multimodal large language models fail to reliably detect covert advertisements on Chinese social media even after fine-tuning.
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Supply-Chain Poisoning Attacks Against LLM Coding Agent Skill Ecosystems
DDIPE poisons LLM agent skills by embedding malicious logic in documentation examples, achieving 11.6-33.5% bypass rates across frameworks while explicit attacks are blocked, with 2.5% evading detection.
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PRISM: : Planning and Reasoning with Intent in Simulated Embodied Environments
PRISM is a tiered benchmark with 300 human-verified tasks across five photorealistic apartments that diagnoses embodied agent failures in basic ability, reasoning ability, and long-horizon ability using an agent-agnostic API.
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K12-KGraph: A Curriculum-Aligned Knowledge Graph for Benchmarking and Training Educational LLMs
K12-KGraph is a textbook-derived knowledge graph that powers a new benchmark revealing LLMs' poor curriculum cognition and a small training corpus that outperforms general instruction data on educational tasks.
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Perception Without Engagement: Dissecting the Causal Discovery Deficit in LMMs
LMMs perceive videos but underexploit visual content for causal reasoning due to textual shortcuts; ProCauEval diagnoses this and ADPO training reduces reliance on priors.
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VITA-QinYu: Expressive Spoken Language Model for Role-Playing and Singing
VITA-QinYu is the first expressive end-to-end spoken language model supporting role-playing and singing alongside conversation, trained on 15.8K hours of data and outperforming prior models on expressiveness and conversational benchmarks.
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Tutti: Making SSD-Backed KV Cache Practical for Long-Context LLM Serving
Tutti is a GPU-direct SSD-backed KV cache that removes CPU bottlenecks via object abstraction, GPU io_uring, and slack scheduling, delivering near-DRAM performance at 2x higher request rate and 27% lower cost than prior GDS-based systems.
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OralMLLM-Bench: Evaluating Cognitive Capabilities of Multimodal Large Language Models in Dental Practice
OralMLLM-Bench reveals performance gaps between multimodal large language models and clinicians on cognitive tasks for dental radiographic analysis across periapical, panoramic, and cephalometric images.
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FinSafetyBench: Evaluating LLM Safety in Real-World Financial Scenarios
FinSafetyBench shows that LLMs remain vulnerable to adversarial prompts that bypass financial compliance safeguards, with notably higher failure rates in Chinese-language scenarios.
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From Static Analysis to Audience Dissemination: A Training-Free Multimodal Controversy Detection Multi-Agent Framework
AuDisAgent reformulates multimodal controversy detection as a dynamic audience dissemination process using screening, panel discussion, and arbitration agents, plus comment bootstrapping, and reports outperforming prior static methods on a public dataset.
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ShredBench: Evaluating the Semantic Reasoning Capabilities of Multimodal LLMs in Document Reconstruction
ShredBench shows state-of-the-art MLLMs perform well on intact documents but suffer sharp drops in restoration accuracy as fragmentation increases to 8-16 pieces, indicating insufficient cross-modal semantic reasoning for VRDU.
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EmoTrans: A Benchmark for Understanding, Reasoning, and Predicting Emotion Transitions in Multimodal LLMs
EmoTrans is a new video benchmark with four progressive tasks that measures how well current multimodal LLMs handle dynamic emotion transitions rather than static recognition.
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Culture-Aware Humorous Captioning: Multimodal Humor Generation across Cultural Contexts
Introduces culture-aware humorous captioning task and staged alignment framework that improves contextual fit and balances image relevance with humor in multimodal LLMs.
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C-Mining: Unsupervised Discovery of Seeds for Cultural Data Synthesis via Geometric Misalignment
C-Mining automatically mines high-fidelity Culture Points from raw multilingual text by treating cross-lingual geometric isolation in embeddings as a quantifiable signal for cultural specificity, then uses them to synthesize better instruction data.
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TaxPraBen: A Scalable Benchmark for Structured Evaluation of LLMs in Chinese Real-World Tax Practice
TaxPraBen is a new benchmark with 14 datasets and a structured evaluation method for measuring LLM performance on Chinese real-world tax tasks and scenarios.
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How Far Are Large Multimodal Models from Human-Level Spatial Action? A Benchmark for Goal-Oriented Embodied Navigation in Urban Airspace
Large multimodal models display emerging but limited spatial action capabilities in goal-oriented urban 3D navigation, remaining far from human-level performance with errors diverging rapidly after critical decision points.
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Sell More, Play Less: Benchmarking LLM Realistic Selling Skill
SalesLLM provides an automatic evaluation framework for LLM sales dialogues that correlates 0.98 with human experts and shows top models approaching human performance while weaker ones lag.
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SkillTrojan: Backdoor Attacks on Skill-Based Agent Systems
SkillTrojan demonstrates that backdoors can be placed in composable skills of agent systems to achieve up to 97% attack success rate with only minor loss in clean-task accuracy.
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Attention at Rest Stays at Rest: Breaking Visual Inertia for Cognitive Hallucination Mitigation
Visual attention in MLLMs shows inertia that hinders cognitive inference on object relations, addressed by a training-free Inertia-aware Visual Excitation method that selects dynamically emerging tokens and applies an inertia-aware penalty.
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When Looking Is Not Enough: Visual Attention Structure Reveals Hallucination in MLLMs
Layer-wise Laplacian energy of visual attention reveals hallucination emergence in MLLMs and enables LaSCD, a closed-form logit remapping strategy that mitigates hallucinations while preserving general performance.
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UniPrefill: Universal Long-Context Prefill Acceleration via Block-wise Dynamic Sparsification
UniPrefill accelerates LLM prefill via block-wise dynamic sparsification, achieving up to 2.1x TTFT speedup while supporting hybrid architectures and native vLLM continuous batching.
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On the Role of Language Representations in Auto-Bidding: Findings and Implications
SemBid injects LLM-encoded Task, History, and Strategy semantics as tokens into offline bidding trajectories and uses self-attention to outperform numerical-only baselines in performance, constraint satisfaction, and robustness.
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CAR: Query-Guided Confidence-Aware Reranking for Retrieval-Augmented Generation
CAR reranks documents in RAG by promoting those that increase generator confidence (via answer consistency sampling) and demoting those that decrease it, yielding NDCG@5 gains on BEIR datasets that correlate with F1 improvements.
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Theory-Grounded Evaluation Exposes the Authorship Gap in LLM Personalization
Theory-grounded authorship metrics show four LLM personalization methods score below calibrated baselines (0.484-0.508 vs. 0.626 floor), exposing a gap hidden by uncalibrated evaluations.
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Salca: A Sparsity-Aware Hardware Accelerator for Efficient Long-Context Attention Decoding
Salca is a new ASIC accelerator that achieves 3.82× speedup and 74.19× energy efficiency over A100 for long-context attention via dual-compression dynamic sparse attention and pipelined hardware.
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CAP: Controllable Alignment Prompting for Unlearning in LLMs
CAP enables reversible unlearning of targeted knowledge in LLMs through optimized prompts generated via reinforcement learning, without any parameter updates.
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LLM Safety From Within: Detecting Harmful Content with Internal Representations
SIREN identifies safety neurons via linear probing on internal LLM layers and combines them with adaptive weighting to detect harm, outperforming prior guard models with 250x fewer parameters.
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Multi-LLM Token Filtering and Routing for Sequential Recommendation
MLTFR combines user-guided token filtering with a multi-LLM mixture-of-experts and Fisher-weighted consensus expert to deliver stable gains in corpus-free sequential recommendation.
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MemExplorer: Navigating the Heterogeneous Memory Design Space for Agentic Inference NPUs
MemExplorer optimizes heterogeneous memory systems for agentic LLM inference on NPUs and reports up to 2.3x higher energy efficiency than baselines under fixed power budgets.
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The Salami Slicing Threat: Exploiting Cumulative Risks in LLM Systems
Salami Attack chains low-risk inputs to cumulatively trigger high-risk LLM behaviors, achieving over 90% success on GPT-4o and Gemini while resisting some defenses.
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Adapting 2D Multi-Modal Large Language Model for 3D CT Image Analysis
Transferring a 2D MLLM to 3D CT inputs via parameter reuse, a Text-Guided Hierarchical MoE framework, and two-stage training yields better performance than prior 3D medical MLLMs on medical report generation and visual question answering.
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Aligned Agents, Biased Swarm: Measuring Bias Amplification in Multi-Agent Systems
Multi-agent systems amplify minor stochastic biases into systemic polarization via echo-chamber effects in structured workflows, even with neutral agents.
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The Art of (Mis)alignment: How Fine-Tuning Methods Effectively Misalign and Realign LLMs in Post-Training
ORPO is most effective at misaligning LLMs while DPO excels at realigning them, though it reduces utility, revealing an asymmetry between attack and defense methods.
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In-Place Test-Time Training
In-Place TTT adapts LLM MLP projection matrices at test time with a next-token-aligned objective and chunk-wise updates, enabling better long-context performance as a drop-in enhancement.
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Cooking Up Risks: Benchmarking and Reducing Food Safety Risks in Large Language Models
A new benchmark exposes food-safety gaps in current LLMs and guardrails, and a fine-tuned 4B model is offered as a domain-specific fix.
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GLM-4.5V and GLM-4.1V-Thinking: Towards Versatile Multimodal Reasoning with Scalable Reinforcement Learning
GLM-4.5V reaches state-of-the-art results on 42 multimodal benchmarks among open-source models of similar size by applying reinforcement learning with curriculum sampling to a strong vision foundation model.
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When Emotion Becomes Trigger: Emotion-style dynamic Backdoor Attack Parasitising Large Language Models
Paraesthesia is an emotion-style dynamic backdoor attack achieving ~99% success rate on instruction and classification tasks across four LLMs while preserving clean performance.
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Minimizing Modality Gap from the Input Side: Your Speech LLM Can Be a Prosody-Aware Text LLM
TextPro-SLM reduces the speech-text modality gap by feeding an LLM backbone with synchronized text tokens and prosody embeddings from WhisperPro, achieving lowest gap scores at 3B/7B scales with roughly 1,000 hours of audio.
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From Coarse to Fine: Self-Adaptive Hierarchical Planning for LLM Agents
AdaPlan-H enables LLM agents to generate self-adaptive hierarchical plans that adjust detail level to task difficulty, improving success rates in multi-step tasks.
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ReCAPA: Hierarchical Predictive Correction to Mitigate Cascading Failures
ReCAPA adds predictive correction and multi-level semantic alignment to VLA models, plus two new metrics for tracking error spread and recovery, yielding competitive benchmark results over LLM baselines.
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SparseBalance: Load-Balanced Long Context Training with Dynamic Sparse Attention
SparseBalance dynamically adjusts sparsity and batches workloads to load-balance sparse attention training, delivering up to 1.33x speedup and 0.46% better long-context performance on LongBench.
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Disposition Distillation at Small Scale: A Three-Arc Negative Result
Multiple standard techniques for instilling dispositions in small LMs consistently failed across five models, with initial apparent gains revealed as artifacts and cross-validation collapsing to chance.
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MAFIG: Multi-agent Driven Formal Instruction Generation Framework
MAFIG uses a Perception Agent and Emergency Decision Agent plus span-focused local distillation to let lightweight models rapidly generate formal instructions that fix local scheduling failures, achieving over 94% success with sub-second latency on port, warehousing, and deck datasets.
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Towards Reasoning Era: A Survey of Long Chain-of-Thought for Reasoning Large Language Models
The paper unifies perspectives on Long CoT in reasoning LLMs by introducing a taxonomy, detailing characteristics of deep reasoning and reflection, and discussing emergence phenomena and future directions.
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LlamaFactory: Unified Efficient Fine-Tuning of 100+ Language Models
LlamaFactory provides a unified no-code framework for efficient fine-tuning of 100+ LLMs via an integrated web UI and has been released on GitHub.
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XekRung Technical Report
XekRung achieves state-of-the-art performance on cybersecurity benchmarks among same-scale models via tailored data synthesis and multi-stage training while retaining strong general capabilities.