No excess observed in search for vector-like top quark T to tH in opposite-sign dilepton final states; 95% CL upper limits on sigma times BR range from 2.0 pb at 600 GeV to 0.1 pb at 1000 GeV.
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Parton distributions from high-precision collider data
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abstract
We present a new set of parton distributions, NNPDF3.1, which updates NNPDF3.0, the first global set of PDFs determined using a methodology validated by a closure test. The update is motivated by recent progress in methodology and available data, and involves both. On the methodological side, we now parametrize and determine the charm PDF alongside the light quarks and gluon ones, thereby increasing from seven to eight the number of independent PDFs. On the data side, we now include the D0 electron and muon W asymmetries from the final Tevatron dataset, the complete LHCb measurements of W and Z production in the forward region at 7 and 8 TeV, and new ATLAS and CMS measurements of inclusive jet and electroweak boson production. We also include for the first time top-quark pair differential distributions and the transverse momentum of the Z bosons from ATLAS and CMS. We investigate the impact of parametrizing charm and provide evidence that the accuracy and stability of the PDFs are thereby improved. We study the impact of the new data by producing a variety of determinations based on reduced datasets. We find that both improvements have a significant impact on the PDFs, with some substantial reductions in uncertainties, but with the new PDFs generally in agreement with the previous set at the one sigma level. The most significant changes are seen in the light-quark flavor separation, and in increased precision in the determination of the gluon. We explore the implications of NNPDF3.1 for LHC phenomenology at Run II, compare with recent LHC measurements at 13 TeV, provide updated predictions for Higgs production cross-sections and discuss the strangeness and charm content of the proton in light of our improved dataset and methodology. The NNPDF3.1 PDFs are delivered for the first time both as Hessian sets, and as optimized Monte Carlo sets with a compressed number of replicas.
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representative citing papers
Neural simulation-based inference on unbinned top-quark pair data at 13 TeV yields improved gluon PDF precision over traditional binned analyses while incorporating experimental and theoretical uncertainties.
First lattice QCD calculation at the physical pion mass of the isovector third moments of nucleon unpolarized, polarized, and transversity PDFs via forward matrix elements of local operators.
A multiplicative matching scheme reweights Born-level events in PYTHIA 8 so the first parton shower emission follows the real NLO matrix element, improving agreement with HERA DIS data.
A framework based on linear response and influence functions maps data sensitivities in global QCD analyses to show how experiments determine central values, uncertainties, and correlations of non-perturbative functions.
Quantum tomography of diboson spin density matrices yields superior sensitivity to CP-even and CP-odd SMEFT contributions, including quadratic new-physics terms not captured by traditional angular observables.
Physics-informed neural networks extract a model-independent color dipole amplitude from inclusive HERA data that predicts exclusive J/ψ photoproduction cross-sections without parameter retuning.
First observation of electroweak photon plus two jets production yields a cross section of 202 fb consistent with the standard model prediction of 177 fb at greater than 5 sigma significance.
No excess observed; first LHC search sets 95% CL upper limits on H to AA to 4e branching fraction down to 10^{-5} for 10-100 MeV masses and short lifetimes.
Differential W to muon neutrino cross-section measurement at 5.02 TeV with proof-of-principle W mass extraction from corrected distributions.
Recasting ttZ analyses yields sub-permille constraints on Br(t→H±b)×Br(H±→WZ) and vΔ≲2 GeV in the Y=0 Higgs triplet model, accompanied by a 2σ preference for a non-zero signal.
Higher-order Fisher tensors in exponential-family coordinates of binned energy correlators are simultaneously local KL coefficients, connected cumulants, and hyperedge weights, enabling hypergraph constructions for jet substructure analysis.
CMS reports a simultaneous measurement of 25 N-subjettiness observables in 1-, 2-, and 3-prong jets, unfolded to stable particles with particle-level correlations for QCD modeling.
No significant excess observed in four-lepton events from heavy resonances, setting upper limits on production cross sections for dilepton masses 0.4-15 GeV using novel merged-object techniques.
CMS develops two multivariate models for identifying boosted dielectrons with γ_L > 20, reporting 80% efficiency for two-track cases from J/ψ data and 60% for single-track from Z conversions, plus an energy correction.
A light-front spectator model yields the first calculation of Im(F^g_{1,4}) and the resulting sin(2φ) asymmetry in ep → epπ⁰ at EIC kinematics.
No excess found in search for T' to top plus phi; excludes T' masses 0.85-1.3 TeV at 95% CL for SM Higgs case with 5% width, and sets cross-section limits as low as 0.1 fb.
PaRT achieves >50% tagging efficiency for boosted H->WW jets at 1% background efficiency, decorrelated from jet mass, with data-to-simulation scale factors of 0.9-1.0 on 138 fb^{-1} of 13 TeV collisions.
No significant excess is observed in leptonic W/Z plus high-multiplicity soft-particle events, setting limits on Higgs to SUEP decays across a range of model parameters.
First evidence for non-zero φ_s in B_s^0 → J/ψ φ decays at 3.2σ from CMS 13 TeV data combined with prior 8 TeV result.
The work supplies a modular SMEFT likelihood for EWPD that includes NLO effects and five input schemes, then combines it with LHC measurements to tighten constraints on lepton-flavor universality and quark coupling asymmetries.
No significant excess observed; 95% CL exclusion of higgsino electroweakinos with mass splittings 0.28-1.15 GeV and chargino masses up to 185 GeV using soft-track and neural-network selection.
CMS excludes κ_VV outside 0.40-1.60 at 95% CL and constrains κ_2W and κ_2Z using VBS events with a boosted Higgs to bb decay.
No evidence found; excludes semiclassical black holes below 8.4-11.4 TeV and string balls below 9.0-10.7 TeV at 95% CL, and caps the quark-quark sphaleron fraction above 9 TeV at 0.0034.
citing papers explorer
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Search for single vector-like quark production in opposite-sign dilepton final states in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ = 13 TeV
No excess observed in search for vector-like top quark T to tH in opposite-sign dilepton final states; 95% CL upper limits on sigma times BR range from 2.0 pb at 600 GeV to 0.1 pb at 1000 GeV.
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Proton Structure from Neural Simulation-Based Inference at the LHC
Neural simulation-based inference on unbinned top-quark pair data at 13 TeV yields improved gluon PDF precision over traditional binned analyses while incorporating experimental and theoretical uncertainties.
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Third moments of nucleon unpolarized, polarized, and transversity parton distribution functions from physical-point lattice QCD
First lattice QCD calculation at the physical pion mass of the isovector third moments of nucleon unpolarized, polarized, and transversity PDFs via forward matrix elements of local operators.
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Multiplicative matching of neutral current deep-inelastic scattering processes at next-to-leading order in PYTHIA 8
A multiplicative matching scheme reweights Born-level events in PYTHIA 8 so the first parton shower emission follows the real NLO matrix element, improving agreement with HERA DIS data.
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Mapping data sensitivities in global QCD analysis with linear response and influence functions
A framework based on linear response and influence functions maps data sensitivities in global QCD analyses to show how experiments determine central values, uncertainties, and correlations of non-perturbative functions.
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Odd Physics Off the Diagonal: Constraining CP-violating SMEFT with Quantum Tomography
Quantum tomography of diboson spin density matrices yields superior sensitivity to CP-even and CP-odd SMEFT contributions, including quadratic new-physics terms not captured by traditional angular observables.
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Extraction of the color dipole amplitude with physics-informed neural networks
Physics-informed neural networks extract a model-independent color dipole amplitude from inclusive HERA data that predicts exclusive J/ψ photoproduction cross-sections without parameter retuning.
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Measurements of electroweak production of a photon in association with two jets in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ = 13 TeV
First observation of electroweak photon plus two jets production yields a cross section of 202 fb consistent with the standard model prediction of 177 fb at greater than 5 sigma significance.
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Search for light pseudoscalar bosons, pair-produced in Higgs boson decays in the four-electron final state in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ = 13 TeV
No excess observed; first LHC search sets 95% CL upper limits on H to AA to 4e branching fraction down to 10^{-5} for 10-100 MeV masses and short lifetimes.
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Measurement of the $W \to \mu \nu_\mu$ cross-sections as a function of the muon transverse momentum in $pp$ collisions at 5.02 TeV
Differential W to muon neutrino cross-section measurement at 5.02 TeV with proof-of-principle W mass extraction from corrected distributions.
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Searching for a Charged Higgs Boson in Top-Quark Decays via the $WZ$ Mode
Recasting ttZ analyses yields sub-permille constraints on Br(t→H±b)×Br(H±→WZ) and vΔ≲2 GeV in the Y=0 Higgs triplet model, accompanied by a 2σ preference for a non-zero signal.
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From Information Geometry to Jet Substructure: A Triality of Cumulant Tensors, Energy Correlators, and Hypergraphs
Higher-order Fisher tensors in exponential-family coordinates of binned energy correlators are simultaneously local KL coefficients, connected cumulants, and hyperedge weights, enabling hypergraph constructions for jet substructure analysis.
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Simultaneous measurements of $N$-subjettiness observables in jets from gluons and light-flavour quarks, and in decays of boosted W bosons and top quarks
CMS reports a simultaneous measurement of 25 N-subjettiness observables in 1-, 2-, and 3-prong jets, unfolded to stable particles with particle-level correlations for QCD modeling.
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Search for heavy resonances decaying into four-lepton final states via light bosons in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ = 13 TeV
No significant excess observed in four-lepton events from heavy resonances, setting upper limits on production cross sections for dilepton masses 0.4-15 GeV using novel merged-object techniques.
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Highly boosted dielectron identification in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ = 13 TeV
CMS develops two multivariate models for identifying boosted dielectrons with γ_L > 20, reporting 80% efficiency for two-track cases from J/ψ data and 60% for single-track from Z conversions, plus an energy correction.
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Accessing gluon GTMD $F^g_{1,4}$ via the $\langle\sin(2\phi)\rangle$ azimuthal asymmetry of exclusive $\pi^0$ production in $ep$ collisions
A light-front spectator model yields the first calculation of Im(F^g_{1,4}) and the resulting sin(2φ) asymmetry in ep → epπ⁰ at EIC kinematics.
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Search for a new heavy resonance decaying to a top quark and a neutral scalar boson in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ = 13 TeV
No excess found in search for T' to top plus phi; excludes T' masses 0.85-1.3 TeV at 95% CL for SM Higgs case with 5% width, and sets cross-section limits as low as 0.1 fb.
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Particle transformers for identifying Lorentz-boosted Higgs bosons decaying to a pair of W bosons
PaRT achieves >50% tagging efficiency for boosted H->WW jets at 1% background efficiency, decorrelated from jet mass, with data-to-simulation scale factors of 0.9-1.0 on 138 fb^{-1} of 13 TeV collisions.
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Search for soft unclustered energy patterns produced in association with a W or Z boson in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ = 13 TeV
No significant excess is observed in leptonic W/Z plus high-multiplicity soft-particle events, setting limits on Higgs to SUEP decays across a range of model parameters.
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First evidence for mixing-induced $CP$ violation in B$^0_\mathrm{s}$ $\to$ J/$\psi\,\phi$(1020) decays in pp collisions at $\sqrt{s} = $ 13 TeV
First evidence for non-zero φ_s in B_s^0 → J/ψ φ decays at 3.2σ from CMS 13 TeV data combined with prior 8 TeV result.
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An EWPD SMEFT likelihood for the LHC -- and how to improve it with measurements of W and Z boson properties
The work supplies a modular SMEFT likelihood for EWPD that includes NLO effects and five input schemes, then combines it with LHC measurements to tighten constraints on lepton-flavor universality and quark coupling asymmetries.
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Search for electroweakinos in compressed-spectrum scenarios with low-momentum isolated tracks in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ = 13 TeV
No significant excess observed; 95% CL exclusion of higgsino electroweakinos with mass splittings 0.28-1.15 GeV and chargino masses up to 185 GeV using soft-track and neural-network selection.
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Search for associated production of a Higgs boson and two vector bosons via vector boson scattering at $\sqrt{s}$ = 13 TeV
CMS excludes κ_VV outside 0.40-1.60 at 95% CL and constrains κ_2W and κ_2Z using VBS events with a boosted Higgs to bb decay.
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A search for microscopic black holes, string balls, and sphalerons in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ = 13 TeV
No evidence found; excludes semiclassical black holes below 8.4-11.4 TeV and string balls below 9.0-10.7 TeV at 95% CL, and caps the quark-quark sphaleron fraction above 9 TeV at 0.0034.
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Measurement of the dineutrino system kinematic variables in dileptonic top quark pair production in proton-proton collisions at$\sqrt{s}$ = 13 TeV
Differential cross sections for ttbar production in e+e-, mu+mu-, and e mu channels measured versus dineutrino pT and azimuthal separation using 138 fb-1 of 13 TeV CMS data, unfolded to particle level with unregularized least squares and found consistent with SM and MC predictions.
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Momentum fraction and hard scale dependence of double parton scattering
Global fit of an x- and μ-dependent Gaussian model for transverse double parton distributions to LHC and Tevatron data extracts parameters for calculating effective cross sections in other observables.
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High-precision measurement of the W boson mass with the CMS experiment
CMS measures the W boson mass as 80360.2 ± 9.9 MeV from 2016 data, consistent with the Standard Model prediction.
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New CTEQ global analysis of quantum chromodynamics with high-precision data from the LHC
New CT18 PDFs at NLO and NNLO from global fit to HERA plus LHC jet, Drell-Yan, top-pair and Z data, with Hessian errors, Lagrange-multiplier studies, and alternate sets for data tensions and scale choices.
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Search for a new heavy scalar resonance decaying into the Higgs boson and a new scalar particle in the $\mathrm{b}\bar{\mathrm{b}}\mathrm{b}\bar{\mathrm{b}}$ final state using proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ = 13 TeV
No evidence found for a new heavy scalar resonance X decaying to Higgs plus new scalar Y in the four-bottom-quark final state; 95% CL upper limits set on cross section times branching fraction.
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Search for light charged Higgs bosons decaying to charm and strange quarks in $\mathrm{t\bar{t}}$ events in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ = 13 TeV
No evidence found for light charged Higgs bosons in ttbar events; upper limits set on B(t to H±b) of 0.07-1.12% at 95% CL for masses 40-160 GeV assuming 100% decay to cs.
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Search for the nonresonant production of a pair of additional Higgs bosons in the Type-X two-Higgs-doublet model in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ = 13 TeV
No evidence found for additional Higgs boson pairs in Type-X 2HDM; new limits exclude the model for explaining the muon anomalous magnetic moment anomaly.
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Forward hadron production in pp collisions at LHC energies from an event generator based on the color glass condensate framework
MC-CGC simulations with rcBK evolution favor HERA-tuned MV^γ and MV^e initial conditions for LHCb forward hadron data, show kT factorization outperforming DHJ at mid-rapidity, and provide predictions for ALICE FoCal neutral mesons and jets.
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First measurements of vector boson scattering in W$^\pm$W$^{\pm}$ and WZ production in all-leptonic final states at $\sqrt{s}$ = 13.6 TeV
CMS observes electroweak W±W± and WZ production with two jets at 13.6 TeV with >5σ significance in all-leptonic final states using 171 fb⁻¹ of data.
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Constraints on anomalous Higgs boson couplings to vector bosons and fermions using the $\gamma\gamma$ final state in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ = 13 TeV
Updated constraints from the full Run 2 dataset show no evidence for anomalous Higgs couplings in gluon fusion, vector boson fusion, and associated production modes decaying to two photons.
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New analysis for Nucleon Form Factors from GPDs
A new ansatz AMA25 for GPDs achieves lower reduced chi-squared fits to nucleon form factor data and better satisfies theoretical constraints than the prior GSAMA24 model.
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Search for charginos and neutralinos with $B-L$ $R$-parity violating decays in $\sqrt{s}=13$ TeV and $13.6$ TeV $pp$ collisions with the ATLAS detector
No evidence for charginos and neutralinos in R-parity violating Higgs-decay channels; masses 150-1100 GeV excluded at 95% CL assuming equal lepton branching fractions.
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Search for dark matter produced in association with a dark Higgs boson decaying into a bottom quark-antiquark pair in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ = 13 TeV
New upper limits exclude mediator masses up to 4.5 TeV for a 50 GeV dark Higgs and up to 2.5 TeV for 150 GeV in a spin-1 mediator dark matter model, the most stringent to date for these masses.
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Search for the single production of vector-like quarks decaying into a W boson and a b quark using single-lepton final states in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ = 13 TeV
No significant excess observed in search for vector-like quark single production to Wb, setting 95% CL upper limits on κ_W as low as 0.086 near 1.4 TeV mass and excluding masses below 2.4 TeV at κ_W=0.2.
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Measurement of the $W$-boson production cross-sections in $pp$ collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ = 13 TeV in the forward region
LHCb measures forward W+ and W- production cross-sections of 1754.2 pb and 1178.1 pb at 13 TeV, agreeing with NNLO QCD predictions at higher precision than prior results.
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Precision measurement of the muon charge asymmetry from $W$-boson decays in $pp$ collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ = 13 TeV in the forward region
Muon charge asymmetry from W decays is measured with highest precision in the forward region at 13 TeV and agrees with NNLO pQCD.
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High-level hadronic tau lepton triggers of the CMS experiment in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ = 13.6 TeV
CMS deployed ML-based high-level triggers for hadronic tau leptons with high efficiency and low compute cost, validated on 62 fb^{-1} of 2022-2023 data.
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Search for new physics in the final state with a single photon and large missing transverse momentum in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ = 13 TeV
Combined LHC data shows no deviation from the standard model in single-photon plus missing momentum events, establishing the strongest limits to date on simplified dark matter models and large extra dimensions.
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DeepMET: Improving missing transverse momentum estimation with a deep neural network
DeepMET is a neural-network-based missing transverse momentum estimator that improves resolution by 10-30% over existing CMS methods across a range of final states.
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Measurement of high-mass $t\bar{t}\ell^{+}\ell^{-}$ production and lepton flavour universality-inspired effective field theory interpretations at $\sqrt{s}=13$ TeV with the ATLAS detector
ATLAS reports a measurement of high-mass ttbar ll production with no observed deviation from the Standard Model and derives EFT constraints on four-fermion operators from 140 fb^{-1} of Run 2 data.
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Combined effective field theory interpretation of Higgs boson, electroweak vector boson, top quark, and multi-jet measurements
CMS performs a combined SMEFT fit to multiple LHC measurements and precision data, yielding individual constraints on 64 Wilson coefficients and 43 linear combinations.
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Valence and sea parton correlations in double parton scattering from data
A phenomenological fit to double parton scattering data assumes distinct transverse correlations for valence and sea partons and finds sea pairs more correlated.
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Towards a W boson mass measurement with LHCb
Proposes a new approach to reduce PDF uncertainty by a factor of two in an LHCb W boson mass measurement with Run 2 data.
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Using Forward-Backward Drell-Yan Asymmetry in PDF Determinations
Inclusion of forward-backward asymmetry from LHC neutral current Drell-Yan data provides additional sensitivity to parton distribution functions at current and future luminosities in xFitter fits.
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Quantum Chromodynamics Monte Carlo Tuning Studies in CMS
New CMS PYTHIA 8 tunes using NLO or NNLO PDFs describe minimum-bias, underlying-event, and jet data in top-quark pair events at a level comparable to LO-based tunes.
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Improved results on Higgs boson pair production in the 4b final state
CMS sets an observed upper limit of 4.4 on the HH signal strength μ_HH in the 4b final state at 13.6 TeV, improving prior LHC results by more than a factor of two in the resolved topology.