Calypso is a parameter-conditioned stochastic surrogate model for circumbinary accretion flows using PCA and multivariate Gaussian modeling, released as open-source software with a closed-form likelihood for parameter inference from time series.
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Journal of Astronomical Telescopes, Instruments, and Systems , year = 2015, month = jan, volume =
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The Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) will search for planets transiting bright and nearby stars. TESS has been selected by NASA for launch in 2017 as an Astrophysics Explorer mission. The spacecraft will be placed into a highly elliptical 13.7-day orbit around the Earth. During its two-year mission, TESS will employ four wide-field optical CCD cameras to monitor at least 200,000 main-sequence dwarf stars with I = 4-13 for temporary drops in brightness caused by planetary transits. Each star will be observed for an interval ranging from one month to one year, depending mainly on the star's ecliptic latitude. The longest observing intervals will be for stars near the ecliptic poles, which are the optimal locations for follow-up observations with the James Webb Space Telescope. Brightness measurements of preselected target stars will be recorded every 2 min, and full frame images will be recorded every 30 min. TESS stars will be 10-100 times brighter than those surveyed by the pioneering Kepler mission. This will make TESS planets easier to characterize with follow-up observations. TESS is expected to find more than a thousand planets smaller than Neptune, including dozens that are comparable in size to the Earth. Public data releases will occur every four months, inviting immediate community-wide efforts to study the new planets. The TESS legacy will be a catalog of the nearest and brightest stars hosting transiting planets, which will endure as highly favorable targets for detailed investigations.
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- abstract The Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) will search for planets transiting bright and nearby stars. TESS has been selected by NASA for launch in 2017 as an Astrophysics Explorer mission. The spacecraft will be placed into a highly elliptical 13.7-day orbit around the Earth. During its two-year mission, TESS will employ four wide-field optical CCD cameras to monitor at least 200,000 main-sequence dwarf stars with I = 4-13 for temporary drops in brightness caused by planetary transits. Each star will be observed for an interval ranging from one month to one year, depending mainly on the
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representative citing papers
Spectroscopic monitoring detects phase-locked flares to Proxima d and flare-intensity modulation by Proxima b, producing a -16 G polar field estimate for the inner planet via Poynting-flux modeling.
A PSF-fitting pipeline extracts variability light curves for 91 SMC massive stars and finds that stochastic low-frequency variability morphology tracks HR-diagram position independently of metallicity.
A W-Net deep learning model detects asteroids in TESS data independently of trajectory by rotating training image cubes and using adaptive normalization for data scaling.
Neural network corrects residual errors in isotopologue energy extrapolations for CO2 (MAE reduction in >87% of levels vs Marvel) and transfers patterns to improve CO predictions in >93% of samples.
Two new short-period asynchronous magnetic cataclysmic variables were found, one candidate at the period minimum with spin-to-orbit ratio 0.9879 and an eclipsing system with ratio 0.867, supporting magnetic synchronization predictions.
Roche lobe overflow destruction of hot Jupiters clears all companions from the sub-Jovian desert inside ~4 days while most observed companions remain stable, unlike tidal disruption during high-eccentricity migration.
VarWISE catalog identifies 457,080 high-confidence infrared variables (49.81% new) and an extended set of 1.9 million from NEOWISE photometry via spatial clustering, VARnet detection, and XGBoost classification.
Hot Jupiter occurrence in the Galactic halo is low at ~0.13% with no significant difference between in-situ and accreted populations, well below disk rates.
V486 Car is a near-contact binary with component masses 2.1 and 0.4 solar masses, radii 3.2 and 1.48 solar radii, temperatures 10000 K and 6200 K, plus evidence for a ~0.3 solar mass companion at a few AU.
TRAPPIST-1 flares follow a single power law N(≥E_TESS) ∝ E_TESS^{-0.753} from 10^{29} to 10^{33} erg after sensitivity corrections and bandpass conversion.
An algorithm applied to TESS data identifies four new rapidly oscillating Ap stars from LAMOST-classified Ap stars and known candidates.
First observational test of the hybrid ring technosignature strategy with GRB 221009A and TESS data identifies no credible signals but validates the method's feasibility for future searches.
UMI is an asymmetric version of the Tukey bisquare estimator with upper-RMS scaling that improves transit signal recovery while running much faster on GPUs.
Nested sampling applied to ARIMA models enables Bayesian order selection and parameter inference that recovers ground truth in simulations and fits stochastic variability in sunspot, Kepler, and TESS light curves.
The paper delivers the first empirical masses and radii for the doubly-magnetic binary ε Lupi from combined photometry and radial velocities and classifies additional variability as g-mode pulsations of an SPB star.
IY Lyr is a thick-disk RRc star with a 1.37 solar-mass companion most likely a neutron star in a 3.94-year eccentric orbit, confirmed by photometry, spectroscopy, and astrometry.
StarCLR pretrains on TESS light curves via contrastive learning on overlapping subsequences and improves variable star classification F1 scores over scratch-trained models when fine-tuned on TESS, ZTF, and Gaia.
GMRT sub-GHz survey of 44 magnetic hot stars detects emission in 11 cases and finds scaling of radio luminosity with magnetic field and rotation period consistent with higher-frequency work.
Three accelerating stars yield one stellar companion at 166 AU, one 45 Jupiter-mass object at ~18 AU, and one 9.5 Jupiter-mass object at 6.4 AU that is 65% likely to be a planet.
TOI-5882, a lithium-enriched subgiant with a brown dwarf companion, shows enrichment consistent with engulfment of a super-Earth to Neptune-mass planet.
Discovery and spectro-photodynamical characterization of TIC 295741342, a coplanar triply-eclipsing triple with a giant tertiary showing two degenerate evolutionary states and predicted Roche lobe overflow.
Rotationally modulated radio pulses with near-100% circular polarization from M dwarf ASKAP J181335-604720 are interpreted as coherent electron cyclotron maser emission from its magnetosphere based on simultaneous radio-optical observations.
Spectral disentangling of ET Cru yields masses of 13.41 and 6.00 solar masses with 1.3% precision and shows the secondary has severe CNO-cycle chemical anomalies exceeding typical Algol systems.
citing papers explorer
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\texttt{calypso}: a Parameter-Conditioned Stochastic Surrogate Model for Circumbinary Accretion Time-Series
Calypso is a parameter-conditioned stochastic surrogate model for circumbinary accretion flows using PCA and multivariate Gaussian modeling, released as open-source software with a closed-form likelihood for parameter inference from time series.
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Star-planet interaction in the Proxima system
Spectroscopic monitoring detects phase-locked flares to Proxima d and flare-intensity modulation by Proxima b, producing a -16 G polar field estimate for the inner planet via Poynting-flux modeling.
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Binarity at LOw Metallicity (BLOeM): massive star variability revealed using a novel software tool for point-spread function fitting of TESS images
A PSF-fitting pipeline extracts variability light curves for 91 SMC massive stars and finds that stochastic low-frequency variability morphology tracks HR-diagram position independently of metallicity.
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Trajectory-Agnostic Asteroid Detection in TESS with Deep Learning
A W-Net deep learning model detects asteroids in TESS data independently of trajectory by rotating training image cubes and using adaptive normalization for data scaling.
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Machine learning isotope shifts in molecular energy levels
Neural network corrects residual errors in isotopologue energy extrapolations for CO2 (MAE reduction in >87% of levels vs Marvel) and transfers patterns to improve CO predictions in >93% of samples.
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TESS light curves of two new magnetic cataclysmic variables: an asynchronous polar at the period minimum, and an eclipsing system with a large spin-to-orbit ratio
Two new short-period asynchronous magnetic cataclysmic variables were found, one candidate at the period minimum with spin-to-orbit ratio 0.9879 and an eclipsing system with ratio 0.867, supporting magnetic synchronization predictions.
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Stability of Multiplanet Systems Through Hot Jupiter Destruction
Roche lobe overflow destruction of hot Jupiters clears all companions from the sub-Jovian desert inside ~4 days while most observed companions remain stable, unlike tidal disruption during high-eccentricity migration.
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VarWISE: Infrared Variability via NEOWISE Single Exposure Photometry
VarWISE catalog identifies 457,080 high-confidence infrared variables (49.81% new) and an extended set of 1.9 million from NEOWISE photometry via spatial clustering, VARnet detection, and XGBoost classification.
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Exoplanets in ancient stellar populations: occurrence constraints and hot-Jupiter candidates in the Galactic halo
Hot Jupiter occurrence in the Galactic halo is low at ~0.13% with no significant difference between in-situ and accreted populations, well below disk rates.
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The Close Binary V486 Carinae
V486 Car is a near-contact binary with component masses 2.1 and 0.4 solar masses, radii 3.2 and 1.48 solar radii, temperatures 10000 K and 6200 K, plus evidence for a ~0.3 solar mass companion at a few AU.
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A single power law for the TRAPPIST-1 flare distribution across four orders of magnitude in energy
TRAPPIST-1 flares follow a single power law N(≥E_TESS) ∝ E_TESS^{-0.753} from 10^{29} to 10^{33} erg after sensitivity corrections and bandpass conversion.
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Rapidly oscillating Ap stars observed with TESS. The LAMOST Ap sample and 49 Cam
An algorithm applied to TESS data identifies four new rapidly oscillating Ap stars from LAMOST-classified Ap stars and known candidates.
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A TESS Test of the Hybrid Ring Strategy for Technosignature Searches Using GRB 221009A
First observational test of the hybrid ring technosignature strategy with GRB 221009A and TESS data identifies no credible signals but validates the method's feasibility for future searches.
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UMI: GPU-Accelerated Asymmetric Robust Estimator for Photometric Detrending in Exoplanet Transit Searches
UMI is an asymmetric version of the Tukey bisquare estimator with upper-RMS scaling that improves transit signal recovery while running much faster on GPUs.
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Nested Sampling for ARIMA Model Selection in Astronomical Time-Series Analysis
Nested sampling applied to ARIMA models enables Bayesian order selection and parameter inference that recovers ground truth in simulations and fits stochastic variability in sunspot, Kepler, and TESS light curves.
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$\varepsilon$ Lupi: measuring the heartbeat of a doubly-magnetic massive binary with BRITE-Constellation
The paper delivers the first empirical masses and radii for the doubly-magnetic binary ε Lupi from combined photometry and radial velocities and classifies additional variability as g-mode pulsations of an SPB star.
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IY Lyr: A Thick-Disk first-overtone RR Lyrae Star with a Possible Neutron Star Companion
IY Lyr is a thick-disk RRc star with a 1.37 solar-mass companion most likely a neutron star in a 3.94-year eccentric orbit, confirmed by photometry, spectroscopy, and astrometry.
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StarCLR: Contrastive Learning Representation for Astronomical Light Curves
StarCLR pretrains on TESS light curves via contrastive learning on overlapping subsequences and improves variable star classification F1 scores over scratch-trained models when fine-tuned on TESS, ZTF, and Gaia.
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GMRT Survey of Radio Emission from Magnetic Massive Stars -- I: Emission from Single Stars at sub-GHz Frequencies
GMRT sub-GHz survey of 44 magnetic hot stars detects emission in 11 cases and finds scaling of radio luminosity with magnetic field and rotation period consistent with higher-frequency work.
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Gaia Exoplanet Orbits, Demographics, and Evolution Survey (GEODES): Characteristics of Three Long-Period Companions Accelerating their Host Stars
Three accelerating stars yield one stellar companion at 166 AU, one 45 Jupiter-mass object at ~18 AU, and one 9.5 Jupiter-mass object at 6.4 AU that is 65% likely to be a planet.
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Lithium Enrichment in a Subgiant Star with a Brown Dwarf Companion: A Planetary Engulfment Candidate
TOI-5882, a lithium-enriched subgiant with a brown dwarf companion, shows enrichment consistent with engulfment of a super-Earth to Neptune-mass planet.
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TIC 295741342: A Triply-Eclipsing Triple Star System with a Giant Tertiary
Discovery and spectro-photodynamical characterization of TIC 295741342, a coplanar triply-eclipsing triple with a giant tertiary showing two degenerate evolutionary states and predicted Roche lobe overflow.
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Rotationally modulated highly circularly polarised radio pulses from the rapidly rotating M dwarf ASKAP J181335-604720
Rotationally modulated radio pulses with near-100% circular polarization from M dwarf ASKAP J181335-604720 are interpreted as coherent electron cyclotron maser emission from its magnetosphere based on simultaneous radio-optical observations.
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Spectral Disentangling Reveals Deep CNO-cycle Exposure in ET Cru
Spectral disentangling of ET Cru yields masses of 13.41 and 6.00 solar masses with 1.3% precision and shows the secondary has severe CNO-cycle chemical anomalies exceeding typical Algol systems.
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Diversity in Evolutionary Status and Magnetic Activity among Solar-Type Twin Detached Eclipsing Binaries
Four solar-type twin binaries show evolutionary diversity from main-sequence to red-giant stages with varying magnetic activity, including possible triple-system signatures in one case.
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An Ultra-Short Period Super-Earth and a Sub-Neptune Orbiting the K dwarf TOI-4311
TOI-4311 hosts a 0.99-day super-Earth (1.38 R_earth, 4.5 M_earth) and 15-day sub-Neptune (2.47 R_earth), plus a candidate 38-day planet, with the dense inner planet potentially challenging formation theories given the host's galactic population.
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A Uniform Determination of the Bulk Metallicities and Alpha Enrichments of Confirmed Exoplanet Systems with TRES
A uniform spectroscopic catalog of 625 exoplanet hosts shows subsolar-metallicity giant-planet hosts are alpha-enhanced relative to both iron-rich hosts and typical metal-poor field stars.
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Inferring Asteroseismic Parameters from Short Observations Using Deep Learning: Application to TESS and K2 Red Giants
Deep learning infers Δν and ν_max from one-month TESS and K2 observations of red giants with reliable results for ~50% of Kepler/K2 samples and ~23% of TESS stars, plus ΔΠ1 for ~200 K2 young red giants that match known patterns.
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Prospects for GRB Afterglow Discovery with the Eric and Wendy Schmidt Observatory System
The Argus Array and DSA are projected to detect 47 and 82 long GRB afterglows per year respectively from Fermi triggers, along with over 100 independent detections annually and some short GRB counterparts.
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Fundamental effective temperature measurements for eclipsing binary stars -- VIII. NIRPS spectroscopy of CD-27 2812
Model-independent masses and radii plus effective temperatures are derived for the F9 V primary (M1=1.36 Msun, R1=1.72 Rsun, Teff=6197 K) and M-dwarf secondary (M2=0.56 Msun, R2=0.53 Rsun, Teff=3770 K) in CD-27 2812.
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Self-Lensing Signals in Binary Systems Containing White Dwarfs with Neutron star or Stellar-mass Black hole Companions
Self-lensing signals occur with probabilities of roughly 10^{-3} in WD+NS systems and 10^{-2} in WD+BH systems; TESS could detect at least one if 8% of white dwarfs have NS companions and 3% have BH companions, while Roman cannot.
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Observational and Dynamical Constraints on an Unseen Outer Perturber in the GJ 436 Hot Neptune System
Archival RV and astrometric data plus three-body simulations constrain an unseen outer perturber in the GJ 436 system to sub-Jovian masses at a_c ≳ 6.8 AU, supporting Kozai-Lidov migration as the source of the hot Neptune's polar eccentric orbit.
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ASTRAFier: A Novel and Scalable Transformer-based Stellar Variability Classifier
ASTRAFier is a Transformer-BiLSTM-CNN model that classifies stellar variability from light curves, reporting 94.26% accuracy on Kepler data and 88.22% on TESS, then applied to 2.8 million TESS curves to release a catalog.
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Scientific Validation of the SPARC4 Pipeline: Multi-band Imaging, Polarimetry, and Photometric Time Series for Improved Characterization of Transiting Exoplanets
The SPARC4 pipeline delivers 0.02% photometric and ~0.02% polarimetric precision on transiting exoplanet observations and refines planetary parameters through joint modeling with TESS or K2 data.
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Super-Solar Metallicity and Tentative Evidence for Photochemistry on WASP-96b from JWST and Ground-Based VLT Transmission Spectroscopy
WASP-96b shows super-solar metallicity of 2-6x stellar, roughly stellar C/O, tentative SO2 consistent with photochemistry, and an optical slope from scattering aerosols, supporting core-accretion formation beyond the water snowline.
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The TESS All-Sky Rotation Survey: Periods for 1,046,317 Stars Within 500 pc
The TESS All-Sky Rotation Survey provides periods for 1,046,317 stars within 500 pc, with an estimated 93% being true rotation periods, and includes a method to correct half-period aliases.
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proto-Lightspeed: a high-speed, ultra-low read noise imager on the Magellan Clay Telescope
The paper reports the design, commissioning on two runs, and measured performance of proto-Lightspeed, a seeing-limited high-speed imager delivering sub-electron read noise on the Magellan Clay Telescope.
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The chemical make-up of the Sun: A 2020 vision
Revised solar photospheric abundances yield Z/X = 0.0187 with C, N, O at 8.46, 7.83, 8.69, preserving the solar modeling discrepancy and revealing a modest volatile-refractory offset from CI chondrites.
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A preliminary exploration of the effects of baseline length for the LIFE space mission
LIFE mission simulations show that baselines of 25-80 m or even discrete values can achieve planet yield and fringe tracking with less than 10% performance loss compared to wider ranges.
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Spectroscopic Disentangling Revealed the Tertiary Component in the Multiple System EM Boo
Tertiary in EM Boo is A-F type with Teff=7000K; system distance ~300 pc indicates Gaia DR3 underestimates true distance due to multiplicity.
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Asteroseismic analysis of RY Leporis: the post-main sequence HADS in a binary system
Asteroseismic modeling of RY Leporis gives a mass of ~2 solar masses and age of ~730 Myr, locating it in the post-main-sequence hydrogen shell-burning stage with consistent metallicity.
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Stellar flare-driven evolution of primordial early exo-Earth atmospheres: Insights from a Young M Dwarf Flare model
Young M dwarf flares exert greater chemical stress on primordial exo-Earth atmospheres than previous models, with potential for lasting changes in mixing ratios especially for low-abundance species.
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Shortest period for outer orbit in compact hierarchical triple? Discovery of SB1 around V0885 Per
Tentative detection of a 21.8-day SB1 around V0885 Per that could set a new record for the shortest outer orbit in a compact hierarchical triple, but poor spectra quality prevents confirmation of physical association.
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A tidally detached super Neptune on a strongly misaligned retrograde orbit
TOI-1710 b has a true obliquity of 149 degrees indicating retrograde motion, favoring high-eccentricity migration via planet-planet scattering and Kozai-Lidov cycles for this tidally detached super-Neptune.
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Long-term optical and near-infrared photometric evolution of SN 2019vxm, an interacting Type IIn supernova
Long-term multi-band photometry of SN 2019vxm shows initial thick CSM interaction, photosphere decoupling at 80-100 days, long-lasting dust emission, and a possible outer CSM rebrightening, implying a massive progenitor with extreme pre-explosion mass loss.
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Configuration of the $\xi$ Tau system constrained by multi-technique observations
Multi-technique observations constrain the configuration of the ξ Tau system, detecting orbital oscillations on multiple timescales and suggesting component C is itself a binary.
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Optical Super-orbital Modulation of SMC X-1: Disk Precession and a Revised Pulsar Mass
A modified ellipsoidal modulation model with precessing disk irradiation effects revises the SMC X-1 pulsar mass to approximately 1.35 solar masses.
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A Revised Mass and Period for the Habitable Zone super-Earth GJ 3378b: A Planet Straddling the Cosmic Shoreline
Joint radial-velocity analysis revises GJ 3378b's period to 21.45 days and minimum mass to 2.3 Earth masses, placing the habitable-zone planet near the cosmic shoreline.
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On the origin of variability in $\alpha$ Cygni variable $\epsilon$ Ori (HD 37128) using TESS observations and modelling
Linear stability analysis and non-linear hydrodynamical simulations link the stochastic low-frequency variability of ε Ori to strange-mode instabilities that excite finite-amplitude pulsations.
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The NUV transit of XO-3 b
NUV transit depth of XO-3b measured at 0.1371 with 22-minute late center; X-ray data yield mass-loss rate ~10^4 g/s; bow-shock model predicts early rather than late transit.