MMMU-Pro is a stricter multimodal benchmark that removes text-only solvable questions, augments options, and requires reading text from images, yielding substantially lower model scores of 16.8-26.9%.
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MiniGPT-4: Enhancing Vision-Language Understanding with Advanced Large Language Models
90 Pith papers cite this work. Polarity classification is still indexing.
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abstract
The recent GPT-4 has demonstrated extraordinary multi-modal abilities, such as directly generating websites from handwritten text and identifying humorous elements within images. These features are rarely observed in previous vision-language models. However, the technical details behind GPT-4 continue to remain undisclosed. We believe that the enhanced multi-modal generation capabilities of GPT-4 stem from the utilization of sophisticated large language models (LLM). To examine this phenomenon, we present MiniGPT-4, which aligns a frozen visual encoder with a frozen advanced LLM, Vicuna, using one projection layer. Our work, for the first time, uncovers that properly aligning the visual features with an advanced large language model can possess numerous advanced multi-modal abilities demonstrated by GPT-4, such as detailed image description generation and website creation from hand-drawn drafts. Furthermore, we also observe other emerging capabilities in MiniGPT-4, including writing stories and poems inspired by given images, teaching users how to cook based on food photos, and so on. In our experiment, we found that the model trained on short image caption pairs could produce unnatural language outputs (e.g., repetition and fragmentation). To address this problem, we curate a detailed image description dataset in the second stage to finetune the model, which consequently improves the model's generation reliability and overall usability. Our code, pre-trained model, and collected dataset are available at https://minigpt-4.github.io/.
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- abstract The recent GPT-4 has demonstrated extraordinary multi-modal abilities, such as directly generating websites from handwritten text and identifying humorous elements within images. These features are rarely observed in previous vision-language models. However, the technical details behind GPT-4 continue to remain undisclosed. We believe that the enhanced multi-modal generation capabilities of GPT-4 stem from the utilization of sophisticated large language models (LLM). To examine this phenomenon, we present MiniGPT-4, which aligns a frozen visual encoder with a frozen advanced LLM, Vicuna, using
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OSWorld provides the first unified real-computer benchmark for open-ended multimodal agent tasks, exposing large performance gaps between humans and state-of-the-art LLM/VLM agents.
DistractMIA performs output-only black-box membership inference on vision-language models by inserting semantic distractors and measuring shifts in generated text responses.
Chronicles-OCR is the first benchmark with 2,800 images across the complete evolutionary trajectory of Chinese characters, defining four tasks to evaluate VLLMs' cross-temporal visual perception.
Defines OZ-TAL task and presents a training-free VLM-based method that outperforms prior approaches for online and offline zero-shot temporal action localization on THUMOS14 and ActivityNet-1.3.
CATS uses temporal curvature of query-frame relevance to select informative frames, achieving 93-95% of heavy multi-stage accuracy at 3-4% of the preprocessing cost on long-video benchmarks.
UniShield introduces a knowledge-graph-informed multimodal framework that improves unified detection of physical and digital face attacks through instruction tuning and consistency-optimized reasoning.
PolarVLM is the first VLM framework to integrate polarimetric physical parameters via dual-stream architecture and progressive training, delivering 25.4% gains over RGB baselines on reflection and transparency tasks with a new 75K-pair PolarVQA benchmark.
S2M extracts structured text quadruples from change masks to provide noise-free multimodal supervision, achieving 17.80% Sek and 66.14% F_scd on the new Gaza-Change-v2 dataset and outperforming LLM-based multimodal methods.
ICU-Bench is a new continual unlearning benchmark for MLLMs using 1000 privacy profiles, 9500 images, and 100 forget tasks, showing existing methods fail to balance forgetting, utility, and scalability.
VoxAfford fuses multi-scale voxel features into MLLM output tokens using cross-attention with a learned compatibility gate to achieve SOTA open-vocabulary 3D affordance detection with ~8% mIoU gain and zero-shot robot transfer.
LearnPruner prunes vision tokens to 5.5% of the original count while retaining about 95% of VLM performance and delivering 3.2 times faster inference by fixing attention sink in encoders and using unbiased middle-layer attention in LLMs.
ProjLens shows that backdoor parameters in MLLMs are encoded in low-rank subspaces of the projector and that embeddings shift toward the target direction with magnitude linear in input norm, activating only on poisoned samples.
AnchorSeg uses ordered query banks of latent reasoning tokens plus a spatial anchor token and a Token-Mask Cycle Consistency loss to achieve 67.7% gIoU and 68.1% cIoU on the ReasonSeg benchmark.
Introduces culture-aware humorous captioning task and staged alignment framework that improves contextual fit and balances image relevance with humor in multimodal LLMs.
DualComp uses a lightweight router to split visual token compression into a semantic stream with size-adaptive clustering and a geometric stream with path-tracing recovery, enabling low-cost high-fidelity UHR remote sensing interpretation.
SVAgent improves long video question answering by constructing storylines via multi-agent collaboration and aligning cross-modal predictions for more robust, human-like reasoning.
RL post-training on hallucination-forced multimodal data improves reasoning performance and can outperform standard training.
3D-VLA is a new embodied foundation model that uses a 3D LLM plus aligned diffusion models to generate future images and point clouds for improved reasoning and action planning in 3D environments.
Set-of-Mark prompting marks segmented image regions with alphanumerics and masks to let GPT-4V achieve state-of-the-art zero-shot results on referring expression comprehension and segmentation benchmarks like RefCOCOg.
SEED-Bench is a new benchmark of 19K multiple-choice questions for evaluating generative comprehension in multimodal LLMs across 12 image and video dimensions.
Large vision-language models exhibit severe object hallucination that varies with training instructions, and the proposed POPE polling method evaluates it more stably and flexibly than prior approaches.
VideoChat integrates video models and LLMs via a learnable interface for chat-based spatiotemporal and causal video reasoning, trained on a new video-centric instruction dataset.
WizardLM uses LLM-driven iterative rewriting to generate complex instruction data and fine-tunes LLaMA to reach over 90% of ChatGPT capacity on 17 of 29 evaluated skills.
citing papers explorer
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MMMU-Pro: A More Robust Multi-discipline Multimodal Understanding Benchmark
MMMU-Pro is a stricter multimodal benchmark that removes text-only solvable questions, augments options, and requires reading text from images, yielding substantially lower model scores of 16.8-26.9%.
-
OSWorld: Benchmarking Multimodal Agents for Open-Ended Tasks in Real Computer Environments
OSWorld provides the first unified real-computer benchmark for open-ended multimodal agent tasks, exposing large performance gaps between humans and state-of-the-art LLM/VLM agents.
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DistractMIA: Black-Box Membership Inference on Vision-Language Models via Semantic Distraction
DistractMIA performs output-only black-box membership inference on vision-language models by inserting semantic distractors and measuring shifts in generated text responses.
-
Chronicles-OCR: A Cross-Temporal Perception Benchmark for the Evolutionary Trajectory of Chinese Characters
Chronicles-OCR is the first benchmark with 2,800 images across the complete evolutionary trajectory of Chinese characters, defining four tasks to evaluate VLLMs' cross-temporal visual perception.
-
OZ-TAL: Online Zero-Shot Temporal Action Localization
Defines OZ-TAL task and presents a training-free VLM-based method that outperforms prior approaches for online and offline zero-shot temporal action localization on THUMOS14 and ActivityNet-1.3.
-
CATS: Curvature Aware Temporal Selection for efficient long video understanding
CATS uses temporal curvature of query-frame relevance to select informative frames, achieving 93-95% of heavy multi-stage accuracy at 3-4% of the preprocessing cost on long-video benchmarks.
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UniShield: Unified Face Attack Detection via KG-Informed Multimodal Reasoning
UniShield introduces a knowledge-graph-informed multimodal framework that improves unified detection of physical and digital face attacks through instruction tuning and consistency-optimized reasoning.
-
PolarVLM: Bridging the Semantic-Physical Gap in Vision-Language Models
PolarVLM is the first VLM framework to integrate polarimetric physical parameters via dual-stream architecture and progressive training, delivering 25.4% gains over RGB baselines on reflection and transparency tasks with a new 75K-pair PolarVQA benchmark.
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Masks Can Talk: Extracting Structured Text Information from Single-Modal Images for Remote Sensing Change Detection
S2M extracts structured text quadruples from change masks to provide noise-free multimodal supervision, achieving 17.80% Sek and 66.14% F_scd on the new Gaza-Change-v2 dataset and outperforming LLM-based multimodal methods.
-
ICU-Bench:Benchmarking Continual Unlearning in Multimodal Large Language Models
ICU-Bench is a new continual unlearning benchmark for MLLMs using 1000 privacy profiles, 9500 images, and 100 forget tasks, showing existing methods fail to balance forgetting, utility, and scalability.
-
VoxAfford: Multi-Scale Voxel-Token Fusion for Open-Vocabulary 3D Affordance Detection
VoxAfford fuses multi-scale voxel features into MLLM output tokens using cross-attention with a learned compatibility gate to achieve SOTA open-vocabulary 3D affordance detection with ~8% mIoU gain and zero-shot robot transfer.
-
LearnPruner: Rethinking Attention-based Token Pruning in Vision Language Models
LearnPruner prunes vision tokens to 5.5% of the original count while retaining about 95% of VLM performance and delivering 3.2 times faster inference by fixing attention sink in encoders and using unbiased middle-layer attention in LLMs.
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ProjLens: Unveiling the Role of Projectors in Multimodal Model Safety
ProjLens shows that backdoor parameters in MLLMs are encoded in low-rank subspaces of the projector and that embeddings shift toward the target direction with magnitude linear in input norm, activating only on poisoned samples.
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AnchorSeg: Language Grounded Query Banks for Reasoning Segmentation
AnchorSeg uses ordered query banks of latent reasoning tokens plus a spatial anchor token and a Token-Mask Cycle Consistency loss to achieve 67.7% gIoU and 68.1% cIoU on the ReasonSeg benchmark.
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Culture-Aware Humorous Captioning: Multimodal Humor Generation across Cultural Contexts
Introduces culture-aware humorous captioning task and staged alignment framework that improves contextual fit and balances image relevance with humor in multimodal LLMs.
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Semantic-Geometric Dual Compression: Training-Free Visual Token Reduction for Ultra-High-Resolution Remote Sensing Understanding
DualComp uses a lightweight router to split visual token compression into a semantic stream with size-adaptive clustering and a geometric stream with path-tracing recovery, enabling low-cost high-fidelity UHR remote sensing interpretation.
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SVAgent: Storyline-Guided Long Video Understanding via Cross-Modal Multi-Agent Collaboration
SVAgent improves long video question answering by constructing storylines via multi-agent collaboration and aligning cross-modal predictions for more robust, human-like reasoning.
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Understanding the Role of Hallucination in Reinforcement Post-Training of Multimodal Reasoning Models
RL post-training on hallucination-forced multimodal data improves reasoning performance and can outperform standard training.
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3D-VLA: A 3D Vision-Language-Action Generative World Model
3D-VLA is a new embodied foundation model that uses a 3D LLM plus aligned diffusion models to generate future images and point clouds for improved reasoning and action planning in 3D environments.
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Set-of-Mark Prompting Unleashes Extraordinary Visual Grounding in GPT-4V
Set-of-Mark prompting marks segmented image regions with alphanumerics and masks to let GPT-4V achieve state-of-the-art zero-shot results on referring expression comprehension and segmentation benchmarks like RefCOCOg.
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SEED-Bench: Benchmarking Multimodal LLMs with Generative Comprehension
SEED-Bench is a new benchmark of 19K multiple-choice questions for evaluating generative comprehension in multimodal LLMs across 12 image and video dimensions.
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Evaluating Object Hallucination in Large Vision-Language Models
Large vision-language models exhibit severe object hallucination that varies with training instructions, and the proposed POPE polling method evaluates it more stably and flexibly than prior approaches.
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VideoChat: Chat-Centric Video Understanding
VideoChat integrates video models and LLMs via a learnable interface for chat-based spatiotemporal and causal video reasoning, trained on a new video-centric instruction dataset.
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WizardLM: Empowering large pre-trained language models to follow complex instructions
WizardLM uses LLM-driven iterative rewriting to generate complex instruction data and fine-tunes LLaMA to reach over 90% of ChatGPT capacity on 17 of 29 evaluated skills.
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GRIP-VLM: Group-Relative Importance Pruning for Efficient Vision-Language Models
GRIP-VLM applies group-relative policy optimization via reinforcement learning to prune visual tokens in VLMs, yielding up to 15% inference speedup at matched accuracy over prior methods.
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Vocabulary Hijacking in LVLMs: Unveiling Critical Attention Heads by Excluding Inert Tokens to Mitigate Hallucination
LVLMs show vocabulary hijacking by inert tokens that decode to hijacking anchors; HABI locates them, NHAR finds resilient heads, and HAVAE boosts those heads to cut hallucinations.
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Guaranteed Jailbreaking Defense via Disrupt-and-Rectify Smoothing
DR-Smoothing introduces a disrupt-then-rectify prompt processing scheme into smoothing defenses, delivering tight theoretical bounds on success probability against both token- and prompt-level jailbreaks.
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LLaVA-UHD v4: What Makes Efficient Visual Encoding in MLLMs?
LLaVA-UHD v4 reduces visual-encoding FLOPs by 55.8% for high-resolution images in MLLMs via slice-based encoding plus intra-ViT early compression while matching or exceeding baseline performance on document, OCR, and VQA benchmarks.
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A Multimodal Dataset for Visually Grounded Ambiguity in Machine Translation
VIDA provides 2,500 visually-dependent ambiguous MT instances and LLM-judge metrics; chain-of-thought SFT improves disambiguation accuracy over standard SFT, especially out-of-distribution.
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Chain of Evidence: Pixel-Level Visual Attribution for Iterative Retrieval-Augmented Generation
CoE applies vision-language models directly to document screenshots to deliver pixel-level bounding-box attribution for evidence in iterative retrieval-augmented generation, outperforming text baselines on visual-layout tasks.
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Persistent Visual Memory: Sustaining Perception for Deep Generation in LVLMs
PVM adds a parallel branch to LVLMs that directly supplies visual embeddings to prevent attention decay over long generated sequences, yielding accuracy gains on reasoning tasks with minimal overhead.
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Online Self-Calibration Against Hallucination in Vision-Language Models
OSCAR exploits the generative-discriminative gap in LVLMs to build online preference data with MCTS and dual-granularity rewards for DPO-based calibration, claiming SOTA hallucination reduction and improved multimodal performance.
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State Beyond Appearance: Diagnosing and Improving State Consistency in Dial-Based Measurement Reading
MLLMs ignore dial state geometry and cluster by appearance, causing inconsistency under variations; TriSCA's state-distance alignment, metadata supervision, and objective alignment improve robustness on clock and gauge benchmarks.
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See Further, Think Deeper: Advancing VLM's Reasoning Ability with Low-level Visual Cues and Reflection
ForeSight lets VLMs use low-level visual cues and mask-based visual feedback within an RL loop to reason more accurately, with the 7B model beating same-scale peers and some closed-source SOTA on a new benchmark.
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GazeVLA: Learning Human Intention for Robotic Manipulation
GazeVLA pretrains on large human egocentric datasets to capture gaze-based intention, then finetunes on limited robot data with chain-of-thought reasoning to achieve better robotic manipulation performance than baselines.
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ChangeQuery: Advancing Remote Sensing Change Analysis for Natural and Human-Induced Disasters from Visual Detection to Semantic Understanding
ChangeQuery is a new multimodal framework for semantic disaster change analysis that combines optical and SAR data with a custom dataset and annotation pipeline to support interactive damage assessment.
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Latent Denoising Improves Visual Alignment in Large Multimodal Models
A latent denoising objective with saliency-aware corruption and contrastive distillation improves visual alignment and corruption robustness in large multimodal models.
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V-tableR1: Process-Supervised Multimodal Table Reasoning with Critic-Guided Policy Optimization
V-tableR1 uses a critic VLM for dense step-level feedback and a new PGPO algorithm to shift multimodal table reasoning from pattern matching to verifiable logical steps, achieving SOTA accuracy with a 4B open-source model.
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SSL-R1: Self-Supervised Visual Reinforcement Post-Training for Multimodal Large Language Models
SSL-R1 reformulates visual SSL tasks into verifiable puzzles to supply rewards for RL post-training of MLLMs, yielding gains on multimodal benchmarks without external supervision.
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R-CoV: Region-Aware Chain-of-Verification for Alleviating Object Hallucinations in LVLMs
R-CoV is a six-step region-aware chain-of-verification technique that elicits coordinate and description outputs from LVLMs themselves to detect and reduce object hallucinations without external models or retraining.
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Weakly-Supervised Referring Video Object Segmentation through Text Supervision
WSRVOS enables referring video object segmentation with text-only supervision by combining MLLM-based expression augmentation, multimodal feature interaction, pseudo-mask fusion, and temporal ranking constraints.
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PivotMerge: Bridging Heterogeneous Multimodal Pre-training via Post-Alignment Model Merging
PivotMerge merges heterogeneous multimodal pre-trained models via shared-space decomposition to filter conflicts and layer-wise weights based on alignment contributions, outperforming baselines on multimodal benchmarks.
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G-MIXER: Geodesic Mixup-based Implicit Semantic Expansion and Explicit Semantic Re-ranking for Zero-Shot Composed Image Retrieval
G-MIXER achieves state-of-the-art zero-shot composed image retrieval by using geodesic mixup to build diverse implicit candidates and MLLM-derived explicit semantics for re-ranking.
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SLQ: Bridging Modalities via Shared Latent Queries for Retrieval with Frozen MLLMs
SLQ adapts frozen MLLMs for multimodal retrieval by appending shared latent queries to text and image tokens and introduces KARR-Bench to test knowledge-aware reasoning retrieval.
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UHR-BAT: Budget-Aware Token Compression Vision-Language model for Ultra-High-Resolution Remote Sensing
UHR-BAT is a budget-aware framework that uses text-guided multi-scale importance estimation plus region-wise preserve and merge strategies to compress visual tokens in ultra-high-resolution remote sensing vision-language models.
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Chain-of-Models Pre-Training: Rethinking Training Acceleration of Vision Foundation Models
CoM-PT trains vision foundation models in ascending size order using inverse knowledge transfer, allowing larger models to achieve superior performance with significantly reduced overall computational cost compared to individual training.
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ReflectCAP: Detailed Image Captioning with Reflective Memory
ReflectCAP distills model-specific hallucination and oversight patterns into Structured Reflection Notes that steer LVLMs toward more factual and complete image captions, reaching the Pareto frontier on factuality-coverage trade-offs.
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Dictionary-Aligned Concept Control for Safeguarding Multimodal LLMs
DACO curates a 15,000-concept dictionary from 400K image-caption pairs and uses it to initialize an SAE that enables granular, concept-specific steering of MLLM activations, raising safety scores on MM-SafetyBench and JailBreakV while preserving general capabilities.
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LMGenDrive: Bridging Multimodal Understanding and Generative World Modeling for End-to-End Driving
LMGenDrive unifies LLM-based multimodal understanding with generative world models to output both future driving videos and control signals for end-to-end closed-loop autonomous driving.
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Phantasia: Context-Adaptive Backdoors in Vision Language Models
Phantasia is a new backdoor attack on VLMs that dynamically aligns malicious outputs with input context to achieve higher stealth and state-of-the-art success rates compared to static-pattern attacks.